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Ind. Domest. Waste Manag. , Vol. 2 Iss. 2 (2022) – 6 articles

			View Vol. 2 Iss. 2 (2022)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v2i2
Published: 6 December 2022
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Biosorption of Synthetic Dye by Macrofungi
by Kek Kin Lee, Risky Ayu Kristanti, Arma Yulisa, Rubiyatno, Fitria Ningsih, Muhammad Syafrudin, Erika Hernandes, Mihaela Albescu

Ind. Domest. Waste Manag. 2022, 2(2), pp 61-70; https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v2i2.108

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This research project aimed to provide an environmentally friendly method for the decolorization and biosorption of synthetic dye by utilizing fungi as biosorbents. The study was carried out by first growing the fungi in solid medium and then using the fungi as biosorbent to absorb dye in aqueous solution. In the first stage, screening experiments were carried out among 5 different types of fungi, and Pleurotus ostreatus was determined to have the highest growth rate. The Pleurotus ostreatus was recultivated with Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye to determine its dye removal ability. Pleurotus ostreatus sp. exhibited vigorous dye decolorization in agar medium within 2 days. By carrying out batch analysis, 4 parameters were examined, which were the effect of pH, surfactant concentration (Tween 80), salinity concentration and dosage of biosorbent. The results showed that the maximum dye decolourization by Pleurotus ostreatus can be achieved through establishing an acidic condition of pH 2, addition of 0.1mL of Tween 80, 0mg/l of sodium chloride concentration, and dosage of 8 plugs. Lastly, the experimental data was found to fit the Jovanovic Isotherm the most. In conclusion, Pleurotus ostreatus is capable of decolourizing and adsorbing dye particles in the dye aqueous solution. Full text


Evaluation of Heavy Metals Found in Vegetables of Some Poultry Farms in Osun State, Nigeria
by Taiwo Olusegun Ogunwale, John Adekunle O. Oyekunle, Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan, Simoen Oyesoji Oyetola

Ind. Domest. Waste Manag. 2022, 2(2), pp 100-112; https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v2i2.138

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Heavy metals are persistent in the ecosystem and are held responsible for natural accumulation at all feeding levels. Nevertheless, contact does not occur just because of the availability of a contaminant material in the ecosystem. This present work was aimed at evaluating the contents of heavy metals in vegetables sampled from some poultry farms in Osun State. Five vegetables, namely green vegetable, bitter leaf, gruty-stalked jatropha, scent leaf, and water leaf, were tested for heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and zinc, using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer following wet digestion with HNO3. Quality assurance techniques included blank testing, recovery testing, and calibration of concentrations. Descriptive statistics were used for data interpretation. The analytical results signified that those heavy metals were detected in all the vegetables from the various sites. Most of the contents are below the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization safe range in the vegetable section, with the exception of A. Drastic measures should be adopted to avoid the use of such health-toxic contents of metals in poultry feed. So, it was suggested that there should be constant monitoring of poultry sites to control, limit, and stop heavy metal contamination once and for all. Full text


The Effects of Effluents’ Discharge from Some Paint Industries on Soil’s Physicochemical Properties and Bioattenuation of Polluted Soil
by Okafor Ugochukwu Chukwuma, Orji Michael Uchenna, Umeh Sophina Ogonna, Onuorah Samuel Chinedu

Ind. Domest. Waste Manag. 2022, 2(2), pp 46-60; https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v2i2.110

331 views
Rapid population growth resulting in industrial proliferation and urbanization has led to the rapid increase in pollution of the environment. Paint industries in urban areas mostly channel their wastewater into streams and on land, which results in the pollution of the receiving environment. This study aims to determine the impact of effluent discharges from paint industries on the soils’ physicochemical properties and the clean-up of the polluted soil through monitored natural attenuation. Composite samples of paint-effluents and soils were collected from paint industries. Their bioattenuation levels and changes in their physicochemical properties were monitored over a six-month period. Fungal isolates from the effluents include Saccharomyces cerevisiae (20%), Rhodotorula species (15%), Aspergillus niger (25%), Aspergillus flavus (15%), and Penicillum notatum (25%), while the bacterial isolates include Staphylococcus aureus (30%), Bacillus sp. (20%), Klebsiella sp.(15%), Escherichia coli (15%), Salmonella sp. (10%), and Staphylococcus species (10%). The effluents showed slightly alkaline pH values while the soils showed slightly acidic pH values. There were significant reductions in the heavy metal contents of the effluent polluted soils as remediation time increased, thus reducing the toxicity of such soil environments. Monitored natural-attenuation methods should be employed and improved as a means of reducing the toxicity of effluents on the environment since they are cheap and effective compared to other methods. Full text


Evaluation of Bioavailable Contents of Arsenic, Copper and Zinc in Some Poultry Farms Soils in Osun State, Nigeria
by Taiwo Olusegun Ogunwale, John Adekunle O. Oyekunle, Aderemi Okunola Ogunfowokan, Simeon Oyesoji Oyetola

Ind. Domest. Waste Manag. 2022, 2(2), pp 84-99; https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v2i2.119

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This work evaluated the mobility and bioavailability of arsenic, copper and zinc in chosen poultry farmlands situated within Osun State, Nigeria in respect to the soil physicochemical characteristics. The site was split into 12 zones of about equal sites. Soil samples were collected over a period of four months from each zone for analysis of soil physicochemical characteristics and As, Cu and Zn contents in sequential fraction of the soil sample. Sequential fractionation of soil samples were conducted utilizing reworked Tessier technique, utilizing Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Mean of total content (mg/kg) and percentage bioavailability were: As 470.48±48 (31.16%), Cu 62.95±10.61 (29.02%) and Zn 125.58±20.74 (26.67%), respectively. Analysis of variance and correlation analyzes indicated that soil pH, % clay, % organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, and metal speciation in soil control metal mobility and bioavailability in the poultry farm soil. The mean contents of As, Cu and Zn in soil in the sampling area were usually more than those of the control site, indicating some degrees of contamination of the poultry farm soil by these metals. Also, the mean contents of As in some zones were considerably greater (p Full text


Evaluation of Agricultural Waste Management Mechanism in Iran
by Mohammad Reza Zargaran Khouzani, Zahra Dehghani Ghahfarokhi

Ind. Domest. Waste Manag. 2022, 2(2), pp 113-124; https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v2i2.112

212 views
The unfavourable situation of waste management in Iran can be seen in different sectors, and agriculture is not excluded from these sectors. The wastes of the agricultural industry can be used in a beneficial way in various agricultural applications and other industrial processes. However, the cost of collection, processing, and transportation can be much higher than the income from the beneficial use of such waste. Incineration of crop residues creates numerous environmental problems. The most important side effects of burning crop residues include the emission of greenhouse gases that lead to global warming, air pollution, and things like soil degradation, loss of soil fertility, loss of beneficial microorganisms, intensification of soil erosion, etc. In the current research, which is a review based on library sources, the mechanism of agricultural waste management in Iran has been evaluated. There are other consequences of such actions. The criteria for action are laws regarding the burning of product residues in Iran, the most important of which are the Waste Management Law and the Clean Air Law. Among these methods are sustainable management methods for product residues, including compost production, biochar production, and waste management at the production site. Full text


Medical Waste during COVID-19 Pandemic: Its Types, Abundance, Impacts and Implications
by Kuok Ho Daniel Tang

Ind. Domest. Waste Manag. 2022, 2(2), pp 71-83; https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v2i2.117

963 views
COVID-19 has resulted in an abrupt and significant increase in medical waste, albeit with improving air and water quality in certain regions. This paper aims to review the types, abundance, and impacts of COVID-19-related medical waste through examining the contents of 54 peer-reviewed scholarly papers. COVID-19-related medical waste compositions vary over time, with COVID-19 screening, diagnostic, and treatment wastes, as well as used personal protective equipment (PPE), constituting the majority of medical waste at the start, followed by vaccination waste during the peak of vaccination. COVID-19-related medical waste is expected to decrease and steady as more and more countries relax restrictions in an attempt to live with COVID-19. Geographically, the amount of COVID-19-related medical waste depends on population size, with highly-populated countries and cities such as China, Manila, Jakarta, and Bangkok seeing or expected to see a hike in the waste of between 210 tonnes/day and 280 tonnes/day during COVID-19. Packaging of the medical and PPE items forming the medical waste stream also contributes to a substantial amount of waste. As plastics are a major component of medical waste, the increase in COVID-19-related medical waste and its mismanagement have worsened environmental pollution caused by plastics. The surge of medical waste during COVID-19 strained the existing medical waste disposal systems, and incineration of the waste contributed to air pollution, which was often localized. Mismanagement of the waste could also raise public health concerns and cause visual repercussions. Full text