In the context of increasingly competitive digital markets, it was important to understand how narrative transportation could increase purchase intention and produce online brand advocates. This study addressed the gap in prior research by examining the effect of narrative transportation on affective brand engagement. It also considered whether narrative transportation directly affected online brand advocacy and purchase intention in a virtual world. A quantitative approach was adopted, and a survey was distributed to Mercedes fans and users. The dataset contained a sample of 270 consumers, and the data were analysed using SPSS AMOS 23 to perform structural equation modeling. The results showed that narrative transportation had a positive effect on affective brand engagement in a virtual world. Similarly, the results indicated that narrative transportation strengthened online brand advocacy and purchase intention. By contrast, the findings revealed that emotional engagement did not directly impact online brand advocacy or purchase intention. These findings were regarded as valuable contributions to understanding how the transformation of storytelling into storydoing could engage consumers seeking captivating brand experiences. Future research could examine this study across other product categories to validate the generalizability of the findings, as well as incorporate additional variables to enrich the current model.
Vashishth, T.K.; Sharma, K.K.; Kumar, B.; Chaudhary, S.; Panwar, R. (2025). Enhancing customer experience through AI-enabled content personalization in e-commerce marketing. Advances in Digital Marketing in the Era of Artificial Intelligence, 2025, 7–32. http://doi.org/10.1201/9781003450443-2.
Akin, S.; Gürbüz, E. (2024). The relationship of internet banking users' emotional brand experiences and consumer-based brand equity. European Journal of Management Studies, 29, 85–113. http://doi.org/10.1108/EJMS-03-2023-0013.
Ibrahim, M.; Nasr, R.I. (2025). Adopting augmented reality into retailing mix strategy: Generation Z’s perspective in Egypt. Future Business Journal, 11, 13. http://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-025-00431-y.
de Regt, A.; Plangger, K.; Barnes, S.J. (2021). Virtual reality marketing and customer advocacy: Transforming experiences from storytelling to storydoing. Journal of Business Research, 136, 513–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.08.004.
Bezdek, M.A.; Gerrig, R.J. (2017). When narrative transportation narrows attention: Changes in attentional focus during suspenseful film viewing. Media Psychology, 20, 60–89. http://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2015.1121830.
Irimiás, A.; Mitev, A.Z.; Michalkó, G. (2021). Narrative transportation and travel: The mediating role of escapism and immersion. Tourism Management Perspectives, 38, 100793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100793.
Becker, L.; Jaakkola, E. (2020). Customer experience: Fundamental premises and implications for research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48, 630–648. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-019-00718-x.
Bilal, M.; Zhang, Y.; Cai, S.; Akram, U.; Halibas, A. (2024). Artificial intelligence is the magic wand making customer-centric a reality! An investigation into the relationship between consumer purchase intention and consumer engagement through affective attachment. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 77, 103674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103674.
Xie, Y. (2021). The influence of brand story types on consumers’ brand attitude. Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development, 282–286. http://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211215.051.
Mustafa, K.; Ahmad, F.; Qaisar, M.; Zada, S.; Jamil, S.; Anwer, N.; Mariam, S. (2022). Brand love: Role of online customer experience, value co-creation, and relationship quality. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 897933. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.897933.
Zhu, C.; Hall, C.M.; Fong, L.H.N.; Liu, C.Y.N.; Naderi Koupaei, S. (2023). Does a good story prompt visit intention? Evidence from the augmented reality experience at a heritage site in China. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 18, 427–444. http://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2023.2188451.
Appel, M.; Lugrin, B.; Kühle, M.; Heindl, C. (2021). The emotional robotic storyteller: On the influence of affect congruency on narrative transportation, robot perception, and persuasion. Computers in Human Behavior, 120, 106749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106749.
Kim, E.; Klinger, R. (2019). An analysis of emotion communication channels in fan fiction: Towards emotional storytelling. Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Storytelling, 56–64. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/W19-3406.
Thomas, V.L.; Grigsby, J.L. (2024). Narrative transportation: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Psychology & Marketing, 41, 1805–1819. http://doi.org/10.1002/mar.22011.
Moin, S. (2020). Brand Storytelling in the Digital Age: Theories, Practice and Application. Palgrave Macmillan: London, UK.
Escalas, J.E. (2004). Imagine yourself in the product: Mental simulation, narrative transportation, and persuasion. Journal of Advertising, 33, 37–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2004.10639163.
McAlexander, J.H.; Kim, S.K.; Roberts, S.D. (2003). Loyalty: The influences of satisfaction and brand community integration. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 11, 1–11. http://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2003.11658504.
Shukla, P.; Rosendo-Rios, V. (2016). Intra- and inter-country comparative effects of symbolic motivations on luxury purchase intentions in emerging markets. International Business Review, 30, 101768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2020.101768.
Rather, R.A.; Raisinghani, M.; Gligor, D.; Parrey, S.H.; Russo, I.; Bozkurt, S. (2023). Examining tourist citizenship behaviors through affective, cognitive, behavioral engagement and reputation: Symmetrical and asymmetrical approaches. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 75, 103451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103451.
Roberts, K.; Varki, S.; Brodie, R. (2003). Measuring the quality of relationships in consumer services: An empirical study. European Journal of Marketing, 37, 169–196. http://doi.org/10.1108/03090560310454037.
Gómez, M.; Lopez, C.; Molina, A. (2019). An integrated model of social media brand engagement. Computers in Human Behavior, 96, 196–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.01.026.
Wilk, V.; Harrigan, P.; Soutar, G.N. (2018). Navigating online brand advocacy (OBA): An exploratory analysis. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 26, 99–116. http://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2017.1389246.
Kumgliang, O.; Khamwon, A. (2022). Antecedents of brand advocacy in online food delivery services: An empirical investigation. Innovative Marketing, 18, 136–148. http://doi.org/10.21511/im.18(3).2022.12.
Wilk, V.; Soutar, G.N.; Harrigan, P. (2021). Online brand advocacy and brand loyalty: A reciprocal relationship? Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 33, 1977–1993. http://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-05-2020-0303.
Chen, L.; Wang, Y.; Wang, L.; Ding, G.; Fan, S.; Yang, M.; Wang, C. (2025). The effect of brand stories of agricultural products on consumer purchase intentions. Current Psychology, 44, 1272–1284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-07189-6.
Ajzen, I.; Fishbein, M. (1975). A Bayesian analysis of attribution processes. Psychological Bulletin, 82(2), 261. http://doi.org/10.1037/h0076477.
Copeland, L.R.; Zhou, L. (2020). Instagram and theory of reasoned action: US consumers’ influence of peers online and purchase intention. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 13(3), 265–279. http://doi.org/10.1080/17543266.2020.1783374.
Watanabe, E.; Torres, C.V.; Alfinito, S. (2019). The impact of culture, evaluation of store image and satisfaction on purchase intention at supermarkets. Revista de Gestão, 26, 256–273. http://doi.org/10.1108/REGE-12-2017-0009.
Kaczorowska, K.C.J.; Green, G.S. (2024). Engaging through storytelling: The interplay of engagement with a story, cause, and charity. Journal of Brand Management, 31(3), 265–292. http://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-023-00343-8.
Green, M.; Appel, M. (2024). Narrative transportation: How stories shape how we see ourselves and the world. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 70, 1–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aesp.2024.03.002.
Nasution, M.D.T.P.; Rini, E.; Absah, Y.; Sembiring, B.K.F. (2022). Social network ties, proactive entrepreneurial behavior and successful retail business: A study on Indonesian small enterprises. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 24, 141–160. http://doi.org/10.1108/JRME-07-2020-0095.
Bilro, R.; Loureiro, S.M.C.; Ali, F. (2018). The role of website stimuli of experience on engagement and brand advocacy. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 9, 204. http://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-12-2017-0136.
Sashi, C.M. (2012). Customer engagement, buyer-seller relationships, and social media. Management Decision, 50, 253–272. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741211203551.
Habib, M.D.; A. S.M. (2021). After-sales services, brand equity and purchasing intention to buy second-hand product. Rajagiri Management Journal, 15, 129–144. http://doi.org/10.1108/RAMJ-07-2020-0033.
Prentice, C.; Loureiro, S.M.C. (2018). Consumer-based approach to customer engagement: The case of luxury brands. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 43, 325–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.05.003.
Hollebeek, L.; Belk, R. (2021). Consumers’ technology-facilitated brand engagement and wellbeing: Positivist TAM/PERMA- vs. Consumer Culture Theory perspectives. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 38, 387–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2021.03.001.
Kim, S.; Manoli, A. (2022). Building team brand equity through perceived CSR: The mediating role of dual identification. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 30, 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2020.1795912.
Wang, S.; Tang, Y. (2021). How narrative transportation in movies affects audiences’ positive word-of-mouth: The mediating role of emotion. PLOS ONE, 16, e0259420. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259420.
Vartikar, M. (2024). The impact of narrative transportation on consumer loyalty in the case of LEGO. Master Thesis, Brand University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany. http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.14399.73127.
Hu, H.; Wang, C.; Chen, M. (2024). The Influence of a Regional Public Brand on Consumers’ Purchase Intention and Behavior Toward Eco-Agricultural Products: A Chinese National Park Case. Sustainability, 16, 9253. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16219253.
Xiao, Y.; Zhu, S.; Cheng, J. (2023). Impact of product story narrative type on consumers’ purchase intention. Advances in Economics and Management Research, 5, 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aemr.5.1.211.2023.
Les méthodes des équations structurelles. (accessed on 1 May 2025) Available online: https://editions-rnti.fr/render_pdf.php?p=1001904.
Balakrishnan, J.; Griffiths, M.D. (2018). Loyalty towards online games, gaming addiction, and purchase intention towards online mobile in-game features. Computers in Human Behavior, 87, 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.002.
Obilo, O.; Chefor, O.; Saleh, A. (2021). Revisiting the consumer brand engagement concept. Journal of Business Research, 126, 634–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.12.023.
Hollebeek, L.; Glynn, M.; Brodie, R. (2014). Consumer brand engagement in social media: Conceptualization, scale development and validation. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 28, 149–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2013.12.002.
Anderson, J.C.; Gerbing, D.W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411. https://doi/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411.
Roussel, P.; Durrieu, F.; Campoy, E.; El Akremi, A. (2005). Chapitre 11. Analyse des effets linéaires par modèles d'équations structurelles. Méthodes & Recherches, 297–324.
Fornell, C.; Larcker, D. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104.
Akin, M.S. (2023). Turkish Gen Z players’ in-game purchase intention: Does gender difference matter? Young Consumers, 24(6), 721–741. https://doi.org/10.1108/YC-12-2022-1655.
Russell, D.W. (2002). In search of underlying dimensions: The use (and abuse) of factor analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 1629–1646. https://doi.org/10.1177/014616702237645.
Walkington, Z.; Wigman, S.A.; Bowles, D. (2020). The impact of narratives and transportation on empathic responding. Poetics, 80, 101425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2019.101425.
El Bayed, Z. (2023). L’évolution de l’engagement envers la marque et son impact sur le comportement du consommateur. International Journal of Accounting, Finance, Auditing, Management and Economics, 4(4-1), 379–394.
Sashi, C.M.; Brynjolfsson, G.; Bandyopadhyay, A. (2019). Social media, customer engagement and advocacy: An empirical investigation using Twitter data for quick service restaurants. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(3), 1247–1272. http://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-02-2018-0108.
Samuelsen, B. (2020). Rising action: The effect of narrative transportation on consumer purchase behavior. Undergraduate Thesis, Marriott School of Management, Provo, USA.
Wang, L.F.X.; Xu, X.Y.; Li, Y.S.; Zhang, L.; Chen, S. (2025). Applying visual storytelling in food marketing: The effect of graphic storytelling on narrative transportation and purchase intention. Foods, 14(15), 2572. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14152572.
SUBMITTED: 23 July 2025
ACCEPTED: 26 August 2025
PUBLISHED:
1 September 2025
SUBMITTED to ACCEPTED: 34 days
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53623/jdmc.v5i2.770