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Article | Industrial and Domestic Waste Management | Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024 | 71-83 | https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v4i2.473
© 2024 by the author(s), and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License

Effect of Different Sizes and Heights on the Removal Efficiency of Composite Clay Filter for Gold Mine Site Wastewater Remediation

Author(s): Abass Adekunle Olatunji 1 , 2 , , Ayanniyi Mufutau Ayanshola 3 , Mary Adejoke Ajala 4 , Ebelechukwu Erhuanga 5
Author(s) information:
1 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Nigeria
3 Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
4 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
5 Department of Industrial Design, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria

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Industrial and Domestic Waste Management

Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024

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Wastewater from mining-related activities contains toxic elements that require remediation, and most available wastewater filters have inconsistent flow rates and removal efficiency due to their thickness. This study, therefore, examined the effect of height and size on the flow rate and removal efficiency of a clay composite filter for wastewater remediation. The developed clay filter and its composites were characterized using various techniques such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRF analysis showed that the clay contained 91.38% major minerals, including iron oxide (Fe2O3), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and silica (SiO2), which could enhance the filtration process. Additionally, FTIR revealed that both the clay and the filter are rich in functional groups, including kaolinite and illite, which could promote the filtration process. Further analysis showed that the filters had an average adsorption rate of 87.32%, an average flow rate of 0.891 L/hr, and an average removal efficiency of 99.6%. An increase in the height of a small-diameter filter resulted in a 0.21% increase in removal efficiency, while for larger diameters, the removal efficiency decreased by 0.11%. Conversely, increasing the diameter of a short filter increased the efficiency by 0.25%, while for taller filters, the removal efficiency decreased by 0.07%. Therefore, this work demonstrated that both height and diameter have noticeable effects on flow rate: as height increases, flow rate decreases, and as diameter increases, flow rate increases. The filter's efficiency is somewhat affected by both height and diameter, with a small increase in efficiency noted at greater heights and a slight decrease in efficiency noted at larger diameters.

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SUBMITTED: 10 August 2024
ACCEPTED: 21 September 2024
PUBLISHED: 24 September 2024
SUBMITTED to ACCEPTED: 42 days
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v4i2.473

Cite this article
Olatunji, A. A., Ayanshola, A. M., Ajala, M. A., & Erhuanga, E. (2024). Effect of Different Sizes and Heights on the Removal Efficiency of Composite Clay Filter for Gold Mine Site Wastewater Remediation. Industrial and Domestic Waste Management, 4(2), 71–83. https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v4i2.473
Keywords
clay ceramic filter wastewater remediation flow rate removal efficiency gold mine site
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