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Review | Industrial and Domestic Waste Management | Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023 | 67-89 | https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v3i2.264
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A Review on Pollutants Found in Drinking Water in Sub-Sahara African Rural Communities: Detection and Potential Low-cost Remediation Methods

Author(s): Bienvenu Gael Fouda-Mbanga 1 , Thulethu Seyisi 1 , Yvonne Boitumelo Nthwane 2 , Bothwell Nyoni 1 , 3 , , Zikhona Tywabi-Ngeva 1
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1 Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
2 University of Johannesburg, Chemical Sciences, Doorfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa
3 Department of Applied Chemistry, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

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Industrial and Domestic Waste Management

Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023

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Water is the most essential substance that supports various life mechanisms. It is a fundamental and necessary requirement for mankind and all other living creatures on the planet. Therefore, daily drinking water should be clean, readily available, sufficient, and free from harmful substances. However, in many rural areas, most sources of drinking water are assumed to be safe for human consumption, but this is not always the case. This work aims to provide a review of pollutants found in the drinking water of Sub-Saharan rural communities and explore potential low-cost remediation methods. The assessment of water pollutants and their remediation methods has been the primary focus of research for several years. Additionally, the World Health Organisation has established various minimum standards regarding the concentration of common pollutants in water. This review presents the major sources of water, the origin of contaminants, the different types of pollutants, and remediation methods to enhance the current knowledge in the field of rural drinking water contaminants.

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SUBMITTED: 03 June 2023
ACCEPTED: 30 July 2023
PUBLISHED: 3 August 2023
SUBMITTED to ACCEPTED: 57 days
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v3i2.264

Cite this article
Fouda-Mbanga, B. G. ., Seyisi, T., Nthwane, Y. B., Nyoni, B., & Tywabi-Ngeva, Z. (2023). A Review on Pollutants Found in Drinking Water in Sub-Sahara African Rural Communities: Detection and Potential Low-cost Remediation Methods . Industrial and Domestic Waste Management, 3(2), 67–89. https://doi.org/10.53623/idwm.v3i2.264
Keywords
Contaminants Drinking water Inorganic Organic Sub-Sahara Africa
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