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Article | Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering | Volume 6 - Issue 2 - 2026 | 323–341 | https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i2.1418
© 2026 by the author(s), and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License

Passenger Characteristics and Service Factors Associated with Passenger Perception of Public Transport on the Tanjung Karang–Teluk Betung Route, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia

Author(s): Satrio Wicaksono , Fery Hendi Jaya
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Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai, Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia

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Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering

Volume 6 - Issue 2 - 2026

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Urban public transportation plays an important role in supporting daily mobility, particularly for communities that rely on affordable and accessible transport services. However, passenger perceptions of public transportation may vary depending on socioeconomic characteristics and perceived service quality. This study examines passenger characteristics and identifies service-related factors associated with passenger perceptions of public transportation along the Tanjung Karang–Teluk Betung route in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. A field survey was conducted from 10 to 25 June 2026 using a structured questionnaire administered to 100 public transport passengers. Respondents were recruited at and around Pasar Bawah Terminal and along the study route on selected weekdays and Sundays between 06:00 and 18:00. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize passenger demographics and travel patterns, while multiple linear regression was employed to examine the associations between passenger perceptions and eight service-related variables: fare affordability, ease of accessing public transport, waiting time, safety, comfort, service quality, service availability, and vehicle suitability. The regression model yielded an R² of 0.925 and an adjusted R² of 0.918, indicating that the eight variables collectively explained 92.5% of the variation in passenger perceptions. Fare affordability, waiting time, safety, comfort, service quality, service availability, and vehicle suitability were statistically significantly associated with passenger perceptions, whereas ease of accessing public transport was not statistically significant. The study provides route-specific empirical evidence on passenger characteristics and the service attributes influencing perceptions of conventional urban public transportation in Indonesia. The findings suggest that maintaining affordable fares should be complemented by improvements in service reliability, safety, comfort, service quality, and vehicle condition to enhance the attractiveness and continued use of public transportation in Bandar Lampung.

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SUBMITTED: 13 September 2026
ACCEPTED: 11 October 2026
PUBLISHED: 16 October 2026
SUBMITTED to ACCEPTED: 28 days
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i2.1418

Cite this article
Wicaksono, S. ., & Fery Hendi Jaya. (2026). Passenger Characteristics and Service Factors Associated with Passenger Perception of Public Transport on the Tanjung Karang–Teluk Betung Route, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering, 6(2), 323–341. https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i2.1418
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