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Article | Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering | Volume 6 - Issue 2 - 2026 | 290−308 | https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i2.1402
© 2026 by the author(s), and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License

Numerical Evaluation of Axial Capacity and Settlement of a Bored Pile Foundation for a Hospital Building Using Finite Element and AllPile Analyses

Author(s): Rashiqa Mutia Zahratunisa RH , Rudianto Surbakti , Salsabila Sahfa
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Department of Civil Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, Jalan Almamater No. 1, Kampus USU, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia

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Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering

Volume 6 - Issue 2 - 2026

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The performance of bored pile foundations for hospital buildings must satisfy both axial capacity and serviceability requirements, as excessive settlement may adversely affect structural and non-structural components, sensitive medical equipment, and overall building functionality. This study evaluated the axial bearing capacity and displacement response of a single bored pile at point P-86 of an Integrated Oncology Hospital Building project by comparing two numerical approaches, finite element method (FEM) analysis and AllPile Vertical Analysis, against field measurements obtained from a Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) test. The investigated pile had a diameter of 0.80 m, an embedded length of 25 m, and a working load of 918 kN. Subsurface conditions were characterized using borehole BH-2 data, with groundwater encountered at approximately 10.5 m below ground level. The FEM analysis predicted an ultimate axial capacity of 985.98 tons and a displacement of 6.00 mm, whereas AllPile predicted an ultimate capacity of 1,365.21 tons, an allowable compressive capacity of 455.17 tons, and a settlement of 3.119 mm. In comparison, the PDA test indicated an ultimate capacity of 429 tons and a displacement of 7.60 mm. Relative to the PDA results, the FEM and AllPile ultimate capacities were higher by 129.83% and 218.23%, respectively, while the corresponding displacement differences were 21.05% and 58.96%. Thus, FEM provided predictions closer to the PDA results for both axial capacity and displacement, although a substantial discrepancy remained in the predicted ultimate capacity. The pile nevertheless satisfied the adopted working-load and serviceability requirements. These findings demonstrate that numerical predictions require site-specific calibration and validation against field measurements. Moreover, PDA-derived capacity should be interpreted as a dynamic field reference rather than as a direct substitute for conventional static pile load testing.

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SUBMITTED: 08 September 2026
ACCEPTED: 05 October 2026
PUBLISHED: 10 October 2026
SUBMITTED to ACCEPTED: 27 days
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i2.1402

Cite this article
Zahratunisa RH, R. M. ., Surbakti, R. ., & Sahfa, S. . (2026). Numerical Evaluation of Axial Capacity and Settlement of a Bored Pile Foundation for a Hospital Building Using Finite Element and AllPile Analyses. Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering, 6(2), 290−308. https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i2.1402
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