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Articles | Tropical Environment, Biology, and Technology | Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2025 | 123-132 | https://doi.org/10.53623/tebt.v3i2.850
© 2025 by the author(s), and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License

Efficiency of Constructed Wetlands with Indigenous Umbrella Sedge for Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Northern Vietnam

Author(s): Nguyen Van Thanh 1 , 2 , ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0853-6497 , Pham Thuong Giang 2 , 3 , , Bui Thi Kim Anh 1 , Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy 4 , Dang Dinh Kim 1
Author(s) information:
1 Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
2 Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
3 Institute of Training and International Cooperation, University of Transport Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
4 Institute of Tropical Biomedicine, Joint Vietnam-Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Center, Hanoi, Vietnam

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Tropical Environment, Biology, and Technology

Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2025

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: Plants plays a crucial role in the treatment mechanisms of constructed wetlands (CW). In this study, the indigenous umbrella sedge (Cyperus alternifolius) was employed for the treatment of rural domestic wastewater in northern Vietnam, a region characterized by a tropical monsoon climate. The CW system was designed with a planting density of 105 plants/m² on a substrate composed of gravel, stones, and sand. The experiment was conducted over a period of 60 days, with a wastewater inflow of 100 L/day and sampling performed every three days. The results indicated that the removal efficiencies of COD, TSS, NH₄⁺, TN, and TP were 67.0 ± 5.5%, 61.7 ± 6.0%, 66.6 ± 8.4%, 71.8 ± 5.8%, and 68.0 ± 10.3%, respectively. The effluent quality consistently met the Vietnamese standard QCVN 14:2025/BTNMT, Column B. These findings highlighted the potential of indigenous plant-based CW systems as an effective and sustainable approach for domestic wastewater treatment in rural areas of Vietnam.

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SUBMITTED: 06 October 2025
ACCEPTED: 06 November 2025
PUBLISHED: 9 November 2025
SUBMITTED to ACCEPTED: 31 days
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53623/tebt.v3i2.850

Cite this article
Thanh, N. V., Thuong Giang, P., Anh, B. T. K., Thuy, N. T. T., & Kim, D. D. (2025). Efficiency of Constructed Wetlands with Indigenous Umbrella Sedge for Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Northern Vietnam. Tropical Environment, Biology, and Technology, 3(2), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.53623/tebt.v3i2.850
Keywords
Constructed wetlands indigenous umbrella sedge domestic wastewater North Vietnam
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