Skip to main content
Short Communication | Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering | Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026 | 26-34 | https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i1.992
© 2026 by the author(s), and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License

Performance and Effectiveness of Drainage Systems in Densely Populated Residential Areas

Author(s): Jody Martin Ginting , Khusnul Khotimah , Sri Anggreini
Author(s) information:
Civil Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering and Planning, Batam International University, Indonesia

Corresponding author

Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering

Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026

 About the journal
Submit your article

Drainage systems were an important component of urban infrastructure for controlling rainwater runoff and minimizing the risk of flooding, especially in densely populated residential areas. However, in many urban areas, flooding still occurred repeatedly despite the availability of drainage networks. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of drainage systems in the Pelita residential area and to identify technical and non-technical factors that affected the occurrence of inundation. This study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive-evaluative method supported by qualitative data. Technical performance analysis was carried out through channel dimension measurements, hydrological analysis using the rational method, and hydraulic analysis using Manning’s equation. In addition, community perceptions and levels of participation were analyzed through questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability and analyzed using Pearson correlation. The results of the study showed that the capacity of drainage channels was not sufficient to accommodate peak runoff discharge, as reflected in the relatively high frequency of flooding (3–4 times per year) and the relatively long duration of inundation. Statistically, the physical condition of the drainage system had a strong correlation with flood frequency, while community participation was moderately correlated with drainage effectiveness. These findings confirmed that the effectiveness of drainage systems in densely populated areas was strongly influenced by a combination of technical and social factors, indicating that an integrated drainage management approach was needed.

Read Full-Text
Previous article
Next article

Kolondam, S.B.N.; Pangkey, M.S.; Helly, F. (2023). Analisis Perencanaan Revitalisasi Infrastruktur Drainase pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kota Manado (Analysis of Drainage Infrastructure Revitalization Planning at the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office of Manado City). Jurnal Administrasi Publik, IX(4), 596–607. https://doi.org/10.35797/jap.v9i4.52064.

Eswirielda, G.; Sarminah, S. (2024). Uji Coba Variasi Lubang Resapan dalam Upaya Mengurangi Limpasan Permukaan di Permukaan Remaja Permai Kota Samarinda (Experimental Study of Infiltration Hole Variations to Reduce Surface Runoff in Remaja Permai Area, Samarinda City). Agrifor: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian dan Kehutanan, 23(2), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.31293/agrifor.v23i2.7609.

Jenny; Rifai, A.I.; Ginting, J.M.; Prasetijo, J. (2024). The bibliometric study of blood discharge by unit hydrograph method Nakayasu synthetic (HSS) and Soil Conservation Service (SCS). Journal of Social Research, 3(7), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v3i7.2095.

Saputra, A.J.; Lestari, S.D.; Ginting, J.M. (2025). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pencemaran sumber daya air di wilayah sungai: Systematic literature review (Analysis of factors affecting water resource pollution in river basins: A systematic literature review). Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur, 30(2), 119–127. https://doi.org/10.36728/jtsa.v30i2.4806.

Idrus, I.; Umar, B. (2024). Mitigasi bencana banjir akibat longsor pada daerah aliran sungai terhadap ketersediaan air bersih di Kecamatan Dondo (Flood disaster mitigation due to landslides in watersheds on clean water availability in Dondo District). Jurnal Bangunan Konstruksi, I(2), 46–52. https://doi.org/10.63877/jbk.v2i1.47.

Zhou, Q. (2014). A review of sustainable urban drainage systems considering the climate change and urbanization impacts. Water, 6(4), 976–992. https://doi.org/10.3390/w6040976.

Gusri, L.; Abiyoga, N.P.; Manab, A.; Putra, T.S.; Nuklirullah, M. (2025). Pemeliharaan saluran sistem drainase melalui manajemen partisipatif di RT 7 Kelurahan Legok, Kota Jambi (Drainage system maintenance through participatory management in RT 7 Legok Village, Jambi City). Jurnal Akademik Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(3), 308–315. https://doi.org/10.61722/japm.v3i3.6125.

Fanani, F.; Kurniati, A.C.; Asih, A. S. (2025). Kebutuhan infrastruktur air minum, drainase, dan air limbah sebagai instrumen perencanaan pembangunan wilayah (Drinking water, drainage, and wastewater infrastructure needs as instruments for regional development planning). Prosiding Nasional Rekayasa Teknologi Industri dan Informasi, 20, 235–243.

Haddad, H.; Bryden, J.; Connop, S. (2025). Practitioner Perceptions of Mainstreaming Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS): A Mixed Methods Study Exploring Direct Versus Indirect Barriers. Sustainability, 17, 2093. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17052093.

Kurniawan, A.T.; Ariansyah, Solihin, I.; Perta, M.A.; Ikbal, M.; Azi, T.; Situmorang, M.T.N (2024). Strategi mitigasi bencana berbasis masyarakat dalam menghadapi risiko banjir di daerah perkotaan (Community-based disaster mitigation strategies in addressing urban flood risk). Journal of Scientific Research and Development, 6(2), 1117–1125. https://doi.org/10.56670/jsrd.v6i2.796.

Sharma, Z.Y.A. (2015). Urban drainage system planning and design – challenges with climate change and urbanization: A review. Water Science and Technology, 72(2), 165–179. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.207.

Sohn, W.; Brody, S.D.; Kim, J.-H.; Li, M.-H. (2020). How effective are drainage systems in mitigating flood losses? Cities, 107, 102917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102917.

Guptha, G. C.; Swain, S.; Al-Ansari, N.; Taloor, A. K.; Dayal, D. (2021). Evaluation of an urban drainage system and its resilience using remote sensing and GIS. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 23, 100601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2021.100601.

Wulandari, A.P.; Andriyus. (2024). Evaluasi pelaksanaan tugas Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kota Pekanbaru dalam pemeliharaan saluran drainase (Evaluation of drainage maintenance duties of the Pekanbaru City Public Works and Spatial Planning Office). Jurnal Mahasiswa Pemerintahan, 1(3), 378–389. https://doi.org/10.25299/jmp..18035.

Srihayati, B.V.; Burhan, L.I. (2025). Kinerja dan kerentanan drainase permukiman Kota Mataram pada skenario RCP: Pendekatan SWMM–GIS (Performance and vulnerability of residential drainage in Mataram City under RCP scenarios: A SWMM–GIS approach). Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, 1(2), 28–40. https://doi.org/10.63982/dinamika.tf8ja323.

Juleha, S.; Mutia, E.; Lydia, N. (2024). Analisis sistem jaringan drainase di Kecamatan Langsa Barat, Kota Langsa (Analysis of drainage network systems in West Langsa District, Langsa City). Journal of Civil Engineering, Building and Transportation, 8(2), 263–271. https://doi.org/10.31289/jcebt.v7i2.9046.

Prawira, H.; Rosadi, P.E.; Cahyadi, T.A.; Riyadi, F.A.; Herniti, D. (2024). Analisis hidrologi menggunakan metode rasional dan Nakayasu untuk sistem penyaliran tambang pada PT Trubaindo Coal Mining, Kabupaten Kutai Barat, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur (Hydrological analysis using the Rational and Nakayasu methods for mine drainage systems at PT Trubaindo Coal Mining, West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province). Jurnal Teknologi Pertambangan, 10(1), 10–22. https://doi.org/10.31315/jtp.v10i1.13238.

Galarza-Molina, S.; Torres-Lozada, P.; Galvis-Castaño, A. (2022). Incorporating urban drainage system resilience in public policies for a city in a developing country—Colombia. Frontiers in Water, 4, 774154. https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2022.774154.

Oktaviani, A.; Mahendra, M.O. (2025). Evaluasi sistem jaringan drainase jalan raya menggunakan software HEC-RAS (Studi Kasus: Jalan Baros, Kabupaten Serang–Banten) (Evaluation of road drainage network systems using HEC-RAS software (Case study: Baros Road, Serang Regency–Banten)). Jurnal Konstruksi, 23(2), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.33364/konstruksi/v.23-2.2473.

Ginting, J. M.; et al. (2022). Edukasi pentingnya menjaga kebersihan dan pelindungan terhadap lingkungan (Education on the importance of maintaining cleanliness and environmental protection). Proceedings of the National Conference on Community Service Projects (NaCosPro), 4(1), 376–380. http://journal.uib.ac.id/index.php/nacospro.

Arfaah, S.; Hidayat, R.; Cahyono, I. (2024). Analisa angka koefisien kekasaran Manning pada saluran terbuka akibat vegetasi (Analysis of Manning roughness coefficient in open channels due to vegetation). Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, 3(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.32492/nucleus.v3i1.3106.

Secilia, M.P.; Bisri, M.; Andawayanti, U. (2023). Studi evaluasi sistem drainase air limpasan permukaan di site Gurimbang Mine Operation PT Berau Coal (Evaluation study of surface runoff drainage systems at Gurimbang Mine Operation site, PT Berau Coal). Jurnal Teknologi dan Rekayasa Sumber Daya Air, 03(02), 719–732. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtresda.2023.003.02.061.

Hendrawan, F.M.P.; Putranto, L.S. (2024). Tanggapan masyarakat mengenai pengaruh faktor demografis dan geografis terhadap moda transportasi Biskita Trans Pakuan (Public perception of demographic and geographic factors influencing Biskita Trans Pakuan transportation mode). Jurnal Mitra Teknik Sipil, 7(2), 733–744. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmts.v7i2.27877.

Simanjuntak, M.R.A.; Tachlish, A.N. (2020). Hasil analisis korelasi dan interkorelasi risiko keterlambatan proses pelaksanaan konstruksi jalan tol (Correlation and intercorrelation analysis of delay risks in toll road construction implementation). Proceedings of the National Seminar on Civil Engineering, 2020, 404–412.

Aritonang, D.N.S.; Susanti, R. (2024). Partisipasi masyarakat pada program Kampung Siaga Bencana di Kelurahan Meranti Pandak Kecamatan Rumbai (Community participation in the Disaster-Resilient Village program in Meranti Pandak Village, Rumbai District). Jurnal Sains Riset, 14(2), 606–617.

Suprianingsih, N.W.; Dayanti, M.A.R.; Prakarsa, I.M.P.T.; Kardiyasa, K.A.P. (2025). Analisis hidrologi dan perencanaan sistem drainase menggunakan GIS di Sub DAS Melangit Kecamatan Bangli (Hydrological analysis and drainage system planning using GIS in the Melangit Sub-Watershed, Bangli District). Jurnal Teknik Sipil Terapan, 7(3), 147–158. https://doi.org/10.47600/jtst.v7i3.1228.

Devedo, M.G.D.; Rahmawati, D. (2025). Analisis hidraulika dan inventarisasi saluran drainase daerah kawasan Bandara New Yogyakarta International Airport (Hydraulic analysis and inventory of drainage channels in the New Yogyakarta International Airport area). Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 4(1). 84−91. https://doi.org/10.30743/jtsip.v4i1.11460.

Asrul; Eraku, S.; Agu, R.R.; Maini, A.A.; Lasamu, M.; Massi, S. (2025). Pengaruh alih fungsi lahan terhadap kejadian banjir di Kelurahan Leato Selatan Kecamatan Kota Timur Kota Gorontalo (Effect of land-use change on flood occurrence in South Leato Village, East City District, Gorontalo City). Geodika: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu dan Pendidikan Geografi, 9(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.29408/geodika.v9i1.29256.

Kusryat, D.; Mintarsih, E. (2025). Efektivitas penyelenggaraan sistem drainase guna mengendalikan banjir di Kota Pontianak berdasarkan Perda Kota Pontianak Nomor 5 Tahun 2016 (Effectiveness of drainage system implementation for flood control in Pontianak City based on Regional Regulation No. 5 of 2016). Al-Suthaniyah, 14(2), 621–631. https://doi.org/10.37567/al-sulthaniyah.v14i2.4283.

Hendryarto, K.T.; Suwandi; Setiadi, T. (2025). Pengembangan sistem drainase berkelanjutan untuk mengatasi banjir perkotaan (Development of sustainable drainage systems to address urban flooding). Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil dan Arsitektur, 1(1), 18–32. https://doi.org/10.51903/mmydj554.

Bijak, B.; Zai, E.; Dapot, D.; Brain, B.; Ebenezer, E.; Efraim, E. (2025). Strategi pemeliharaan dan perawatan sistem irigasi di Desa Petane V (Maintenance and management strategies for irrigation systems in Petane V Village). Karawo Journal of Community Service, 3(1). 65−72. https://doi.org/10.62951/karawo.v3i1.118.

Kusuma, E.; Sukwadi, R. (2024). Pengendalian banjir perkotaan di Pontianak melalui pendekatan sponge city: Sebuah tinjauan literatur dan virtual benchmarking (Urban flood control in Pontianak through a sponge city approach: A literature review and virtual benchmarking). Jurnal Perkotaan, 16(2), 110–133. https://doi.org/10.25170/perkotaan.v16i2.6154.

Aditiya, M.I. (2024). Mengatasi Problematika Sains Modern dalam Pembangunan Banten Melalui Pendekatan Ekosistem dan Nilai Budaya Lokal (Addressing the Challenges of Modern Science in Banten’s Development through an Ecosystem-Based Approach and Local Cultural Values). Jurnal Insan Pendidikan Dan Sosial Humaniora, 3(4), 08–15. https://doi.org/10.59581/jipsoshum-widyakarya.v3i4.5812.

Read Full-Text
About this article

SUBMITTED: 11 January 2026
ACCEPTED: 01 February 2026
PUBLISHED: 2 February 2026
SUBMITTED to ACCEPTED: 21 days
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i1.992

Cite this article
Ginting, J. M. ., Khotimah, K., & Anggreini, S. . (2026). Performance and Effectiveness of Drainage Systems in Densely Populated Residential Areas . Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering, 6(1), 26–34. https://doi.org/10.53623/csue.v6i1.992
Keywords
Drainage effectiveness Drainage maintenance Densely populated areas
Citations
0
Share this article