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Numerical Study: Crashworthiness of Hydrogen Powered Vehicle in a Collision

Author(s): Chipego Jacobs , Kyaw Myo Aung ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1904-9432 , Sujan Debnath ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5474-6789
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Department of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering, Curtin University Malaysia

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This numerical research focuses on the crashworthiness of a hydrogen powered vehicle in a collision including the safety of the hydrogen storage system. The model of the vehicle and the hydrogen storage system were developed in Ansys Space Claim. In another Ansys tool, Mechanical, the simulations for three crash scenarios were conducted. The simulations involved the modelled vehicle with the hydrogen system impacting a rigid wall in frontal, rear and side scenarios to assess the amount of deformation, stress distribution and the internal/total energy absorbed by the tanks. The results from the simulations showed that there was significant deformation and stress experienced by the hydrogen storage system. maximum stress values from the frontal impact were 4630.2 MPa which is way over values of typical failure points of Type IV tanks. From the side impact, it was noted too that the tanks had higher internal energy absorbed when compared to the other 2 scenarios. The recorded value of this amount of energy was 255.32 J and show there is a high risk of the tank rupturing or leaking. The data was analysed with other literature values confirming the found data from the simulations conducted. These findings demonstrate that even though the current configuration of the hydrogen system has less risk of failure from minor impacts, they are still in a state of vulnerability under severe crashes. Furthermore, the findings highlight the continued need of research on improving the configuration of storage systems, better protection systems and inclusion of many more parameters.   

About this article

SUBMITTED: 08 July 2025
ACCEPTED: 18 August 2025
PUBLISHED: 9 December 2025
SUBMITTED to ACCEPTED: 41 days
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53623/amms.v2i1.764

Cite this article
Jacobs, C. ., Myo Aung, K., & Debnath , S. . (2025). Numerical Study: Crashworthiness of Hydrogen Powered Vehicle in a Collision. Advanced Mechanical and Mechatronic Systems, 2(1), 16–32. https://doi.org/10.53623/amms.v2i1.764
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