2026-04-24T14:43:20Z https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/oai

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/4 2022-04-17T06:05:20Z tasp:ART

Adsorption Isotherm And Kinetic Models For Removal Of Methyl Orange And Remazol Brilliant Blue R By Coconut Shell Activated Carbon Hii, Hee Tian Methyl Orange; Remazol Brilliant Blue R; Pseudo-second-order; Freundlich model; Langmuir model. Adsorption technology is one of the efficient and facile method used for wastewater treatment. In this research, coconut shell, an agricultural solid waste was converted into activated carbon via furnace induced and zinc chloride chemical activation techniques. The activated carbon was prepared at activation temperature of 600°C. Anionic dyes, Methyl Orange (MO) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) have been selected due to their harmful effect to the environmental and human. Various effect of parameter such as initial dye concentration, initial pH, adsorbent dosage and agitation speed in batch system were investigated to obtain the optimum condition for both dye adsorption on activated carbon. The optimum dye removal efficiency was around 99% when 5g/L of activated carbon was used. Pseudo-second-order model was the best fitted model with highest correlation (R2 >0.99) compared to other kinetic models. The adsorption behaviour of MO was perfectly presented by the Freundlich model while RBBR was well described by Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity for MO was 59.17mg/g and RBBR was 35.09mg/g. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilised to analyse the chemical characteristics of activated carbon before and after adsorption. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/4 10.53623/tasp.v1i1.4 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 1-10 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/4/3 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/10 2022-04-17T06:05:20Z tasp:ART

Adsorption of Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R (RBV-5R) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) from Aqueous Solution by Using Agriculture Waste Lai, Hong Jian Agricultural waste; Synthetic dyes; Adsorption; Dye water The ability of agricultural waste materials to remove synthetic dyes such as Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R (RBV-5R) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) from aqueous solutions was investigated. Dyes are a major source of water contamination that not only cause significant damage to water bodies but also have a negative effect on human health due to their high toxicity and carcinogenic nature. Agricultural wastes are renewable adsorbents because they are readily available and inexpensive, and they can also be used instead of conventional activated carbon. As a result, the removal of RBV-5R and RBBR from dye solutions by adsorption onto treated adsorbent was investigated in this review. The two best adsorbents out of ten were selected via a screening process with RBBR as the test dye. The key adsorbents in this analysis were coconut shells and mango seeds, which had the highest removal rate as compared to others. The experiment was continued with the chosen adsorbent to see how different initial dye concentrations, adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, and particle size affected dye adsorption. The results show that different parameters have different effects on the removal rate and adsorption potential of the adsorbent. The adsorption of dye from aqueous solution onto adsorbent was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the functional groups of the adsorbent before and after the adsorption operation, and it was discovered that the functional group affected the effectiveness or removal rate as well as the adsorption capability of adsorbents. According to the findings, 5 gram mango seeds can extract 85.54 percent of RBV-5R with adsorption power of 1.26 mg/g. For 21 hours, coconut shells removed 74.39 percent of RBBR with an adsorption capacity of 8.01 mg/g. The findings indicated that these agricultural wastes could be useful as an alternative adsorbent for removing dye from aqueous solutions. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/10 10.53623/tasp.v1i1.10 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 11-23 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/10/4 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/11 2022-04-17T06:05:20Z tasp:Review

Interactions of Microplastics with Persistent Organic Pollutants and the Ecotoxicological Effects: A Review Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel Bioaccumulation; ecological; microplastics; persistent organic pollutants; sorption; toxicity With the increasing presence of microplastics and persistent organic pollutants (POPs), it is crucial to understand the interactions between the two emerging environmental pollutants and their ecotoxicological risks. This paper reviews more than 50 relevant scholarly papers published mainly in the past 10 years. It shows that the sorption of POPs to microplastics is affected by environmental factors and the properties of microplastics. The environmental factors comprise salinity, pH, natural organic matters and temperature. The properties of microplastics include degree of aging, molecular weight, size, shape, density, crystallinity, polymer type and color. The two factors are interconnected through weathering and weatherability of microplastics, where properties of microplastics, hence their interactions with POPs would be modified by environmental factors. Microplastics are potential vectors of POPs due to their ability to sorb and concentrate POPs. However, the studies reviewed showed the impacts to be low or insignificant and the sorbed POPs do not demonstrate significantly high accumulation, bioavailability and toxicity. In some literature, it has been reported that microplastics might reduce POPs in an organism. Due to limited studies and opposing views, there is a need to conduct more studies involving diverse POPs and microplastics under multiple conditions to provide a more holistic understanding on this subject. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/11 10.53623/tasp.v1i1.11 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 24-34 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/11/5 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/12 2022-04-17T06:05:20Z tasp:Review

Soil Remediation Applications of Nanotechnology Kristanti, Risky Ayu Liong, Rachael Mei Yen Hadibarata, Tony Soil Remediation; Mechanisms of Nanotechnology; Immobilization; Nanomaterials With the growth of urbanization, the anthropogenic activities have increased and thus increase occurrence of soil contaminants. In order to eliminate the contaminants in soil environment, the application of nanotechnology for soil remediation has become a great concern in the world. This review discussed about the fate of contaminants in soil environment; the mechanisms of nanotechnology with various types of nanomaterials for the soil remediation; the advantages and disadvantage of nanomaterials towards the terrestrial organisms, human health as well as the soil environment; and the challenges of using nanotechnology for soil remediation. The major challenges of nanotechnology are the negative effect of the nanoparticles towards the microbes. The toxicity in nanomaterials will affect the microorganisms and inhibit the enzymes activities in the soil environment. Keywords: Soil Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/12 10.53623/tasp.v1i1.12 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 35-45 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/12/8 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/13 2022-04-17T06:05:20Z tasp:Review

Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waster and Environmental Management Practice in South East Asian Countries Ngieng, Hui Yee Hadibarata, Tony Rubiyatno construction industry; environmental management practices; green materials; green technology; ASEAN The ASEAN population will increase to 724.8 million by the year 2030 and the urbanization rate increases with years. This leads to the development of the construction industry to fulfil the fundamental social and physical requirements. Construction activities create an adverse negative impact on the environment, such as pollution and damage to the environment. This article will study more about the construction and demolition waste (C&D waste) and it can be founded in various construction stages. Therefore, the government and authorities introduce environmental management practices to mitigate the negative impact on construction on the environment and minimize the pollution at the source. What, why and where are terms required to consider before the implementation of environmental management practice. The government policies of Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand are summarized. Approximately 10% of total synthetic carbon dioxide (CO2) sourced from concrete production. The content more emphasizes the green materials generated from agricultural waste to replace the silica in concrete. The bamboo is used as interior decoration and material for building construction. Green materials technology is solar panel, solar thermal collector, geothermal technology, hydropower technology and cooling roof system. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/13 10.53623/tasp.v1i1.13 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 46-61 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/13/7 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/16 2022-04-17T06:05:20Z tasp:Fr

Front Cover, Editorial Information, Table of Content, Back Cover Editorial Front Page Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/16 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/16/14 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/17 2021-12-09T07:46:30Z tasp:ART

A Study Case on Estimation of Soil Loss and Sediment Yield in Curtin University, Malaysia Ngieng, Hui Yee Yong, Leong Kong Strimari, Striprabu Soil loss; sediment yield; soil erosion; RUSLE; MUSLE Because of human activities, soil erosion has been one of the most concerning issues in Malaysia in the past decades. This study aimed to estimate the amount of soil loss and sediment yield at Curtin University, Malaysia by using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE), respectively. The parameters of RUSLE include rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility factor (K), slope length factor (L), slope steepness factor (S), cover-management factor (C) and support practice factor (P). The rainfall data (10 years) from the Sarawak Meteorological Department was used to determine the R-factor. The K-factor was determined by sieve analysis, hydrometer analysis, the Standard Proctor Test (SPT), and organic content testing. The L-and S-factors were performed by measuring on site and using Google Earth. The C-and P-factors were based on the ground surface cover condition (bare soil in this study). In the MUSLE, the runoff factor comprises V and Qp, while the other parameters are the same as in the RUSLE. The runoff depth, V, is equivalent to the rainfall intensity. Rainfall intensities were recorded by using a rain gauge. The highest rainfall intensity was used for runoff depth. The Rational method has been utilized to calculate Qp. The amount of soil loss estimated was 119.97 tons/ha/year and the sediment yield amount estimated was 0.76 ton/storm event in Curtin University, Malaysia. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-10-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/17 10.53623/tasp.v1i2.17 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 2 - 2021; 62-73 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/17/21 Copyright (c) 2021 Hui Yee Ngieng, Leong Kong Yong, Striprabu Strimari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/19 2021-12-09T07:46:30Z tasp:ART

Water Quality Assessment of Roof-collected Rainwater in Miri, Malaysia Frichot, Joel Joseph Hughes Rubiyatno Talukdar, Gaurav Heavy metals; rainwater; roof-collected; seasonal; physicochemical analysis Rainwater harvesting systems are becoming more acceptable as an alternative method to harvest water sources for both potable and non-potable uses. While the method has proven to be very simplistic and cost-effective, the collected rainwater source remains untreated and can pose serious health concerns if not used properly. This study focused on the physicochemical and heavy metal parameters of roof-collected rainwater in Miri, Sarawak. Individual sites were chosen throughout Miri, Sarawak for representative samples. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy was used for the analysis of heavy metal concentrations. Heavy metal analysis included manganese, zinc, iron, copper, and cadmium. pH, temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrate, and fluoride were among the physicochemical parameters examined. Seasonal comparison indicated the majority of the higher concentration levels occurred during the wet season. The overall mean concentration for the physicochemical parameters indicated CLASS I usage, with the exception of BOD5, which was CLASS III usage. The overall mean concentration for metals analyzed indicated a CLASS I usage threshold with the exception of copper, which had concentrations well above the 0.02mg/L threshold for all sites. Thus, copper was considered one of the major contaminants for this study. Moreover, the types of storage tanks also showcased key findings. Open top storage tanks are more vulnerable to contamination than closed storage tanks. Metal storage tanks offer higher rainwater temperatures in comparison to other types of storage tanks. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-10-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/19 10.53623/tasp.v1i2.19 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 2 - 2021; 87-97 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/19/17 Copyright (c) 2021 Joel Joseph Hughes Frichot, Gaurav Talukdar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/20 2021-12-09T07:46:30Z tasp:ART

Level and Distribution of Heavy Metals in Miri River, Malaysia Maharjan, Amit Kumar Wong, Dick Rong En Rubiyatno, Rubiyatno Heavy metals; rainwater; roof-collected; seasonal; physicochemical analysis The heavy metals pollution in the water resource has become a serious and hazardous environmental problem all over the world because of non-biodegradability, emanating from multiple sources, easy accumulation, and biological toxicity. This research was carried out to study the level and distribution of heavy metals at different sampling locations (upstream, midstream, and downstream), at different depths (0.5 m and 1.5 m from surface water level), and during low tide and high tide conditions in the Miri River of Miri City in Malaysia. The river water samples were collected and analyzed for Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Concentration of Ca was found to be the highest in the Miri River, followed by Mg and Fe, and with traces of Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Increment in the concentration of heavy metals, such as Cu, Mg, and Ni, was observed while flowing from upstream to downstream of the Miri River. Concentration of heavy metals, such as Ca, Mg, Cu, and Zn, were clearly lower at 1.5 m depth than at 0.5 m depth. High tides in the river decreased the concentration of heavy metals, such as Ca, Cu, Mn, and Ni, than during low tides. From this research, it gets clear that using the Miri River water for domestic and recreational purposes, washing, and fishing is detrimental to human health and the environment. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-10-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/20 10.53623/tasp.v1i2.20 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 2 - 2021; 74-86 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/20/16 Copyright (c) 2021 Amit Kumar Maharjan, Rubiyatno Rubiyatno, Dick Rong En Wong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/21 2021-12-09T07:46:30Z tasp:ART

Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Technique Using Coconut Shell Activated Carbon Ho, Zhi Hoong Adnan, Liyana Amalina Agricultural waste; Synthetic dyes; Adsorption; Dye water Adsorption is one of the simplest techniques with low economic requirements. Coconut shell is an abundant agriculture waste which is inexpensive and easy to be obtained in Malaysia. This agriculture waste was transformed to activated carbon via 600°C of carbonization and zinc chloride activation. The ability of coconut shell-based activated carbon to remove phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions was evaluated. From the experiment, the equilibrium time for the adsorption of phenol onto coconut shell-based activated carbon is 120 minutes. The effect of the operating parameters, such as contact time, initial concentration, agitation speed, adsorbent dosage, and pH of the phenolic solution were studied. Adsorption kinetics models (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich equation) and isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich) were used to fit the experimental data.Pseudo-second-order was found to be the best fitted kinetics model to describe the adsorption of phenol on coconut shell-based activated carbon. While the equilibrium experiment data was well expressed by the Temkin isotherm model, The maximum adsorption capacity is determined as 19.02 mg/g, which is comparatively lower than the previous research. Meanwhile, 92% of removal efficiency was achieved by a dosage of 10g/L. Meanwhile, the adsorption of phenol by activated carbon was more favorable under acidic conditions. The favourable isotherm behavior was indicated by the dimensionless separation factor. The functional group and compound class of activated carbon before and after the experiment were determined through the analysis of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-10-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/21 10.53623/tasp.v1i2.21 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 2 - 2021; 98-107 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/21/18 Copyright (c) 2021 Zhi Hoong Ho, Liyana Amalina Adnan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/25 2021-12-09T07:46:30Z tasp:ART

Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R and Procion Red MX-5B by Trichoderma Species Zainip, Vanessa Jane Adnan, Liyana Amalina Elshikh, Mohamed Soliman Decolorization filamentous fungi Trichoderma koningiopsis Trichoderma atroviride Industrial wastewater including dye waste disposal, has been released in a massive amount and is difficult to degrade, especially synthetic dyes. In this study, 10 different types of fungi were isolated from a decayed wood in UTM forest and were labelled as S1-S10. Two dyes were chosen for this study, which were Procion Red MX-5B (PRMX5B) and Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R (RBV5R). These fungi were screened for their ability to decolor both dyes and further tested for their ability to decolor the dyes in liquid medium under several parameters; carbon and nitrogen sources, initial pH value, temperature, and agitation. S1 decolorized PRMX5B efficiently with the addition of glucose (45%), ammonium nitrate (61%), pH 3 (69%), temperature 37°C (49%), and agitation 100 rpm (69%), whereas S2 decolorized efficiently with the addition of glucose (60%), ammonium nitrate (49%), pH 3 (70%), temperature 37°C (46%), and agitation 100 rpm (74%). S1 demonstrated efficient decolorization of RBV5R with the addition of glucose (80%), ammonium nitrate (62%), pH 3, temperature 37°C (75%), and agitation 100 rpm (90%), whereas S2 demonstrated efficient decolorization with the addition of glucose (52%), ammonium nitrate (67%), pH 3, temperature 37°C (75%), and agitation 100 rpm (71%).The percentage of decolorization of dyes was measured by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. These fungi were then identified using the 18sr RNA method. Based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics and a polygenetic tree, fungi S1 belong to Trichoderma koningiopsis and fungi S2 belong to Trichoderma atroviride. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-10-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/25 10.53623/tasp.v1i2.25 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 1 - Issue 2 - 2021; 108-117 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v1i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/25/19 Copyright (c) 2021 Vanessa Jane Zainip, Liyana Amalina Adnan, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/26 2022-04-17T06:05:06Z tasp:ART

Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Reactive Black 5 by Activated Carbon Derived from Tamarind Seeds Ishak, Zaniah Salim, Sa’diah Kumar, Dilip Synthetic dyes activated carbon tamarind seeds adsorption methylene blue reactive black 5 isotherm model One of the most environmentally friendly methods to treat wastewater, especially synthetic dyes, is the production of activated carbon from agricultural waste. Tamarind seeds were transformed from negative-value waste into activated carbon in order to study the removal of synthetic dyes. The particular agro waste was soaked in ZnCl2 for chemical activation to increase its surface area and enhance its porosity. Physical activation of tamarind seeds was done by the carbonization process by burning at a temperature of 300 °C for 1 hour and cooling for 24 hours before washing with HCL to activate a pore surface for the tamarind seeds' carbon. The effects of parameters related to the adsorption of the dyes by tamarind seed activated carbon, such as contact time, initial concentration, absorbance dosage, and pH, were studied. The experimental data found that adsorption on both synthetic dyes exhibited a Langmuir isotherm in which the correlation value, R2, was 0.9227 (methylene blue) and 0.6117 (Reactive black 5). Meanwhile, the rate of adsorption for methylene blue (MB) and Reactive black 5 (RB5) by tamarind seed activated carbon was found to be well fitted in a pseudo-second-order model. More research is needed to meet the standard effluent of dyeing wastewater from the industrial sector. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-12-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/26 10.53623/tasp.v2i1.26 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 1-12 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/26/44 Copyright (c) 2022 Zaniah Ishak, Sa’diah Salim, Dilip Kumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/27 2022-04-17T06:05:06Z tasp:Review

Application of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Remediation of Emerging Pollutants - A Review Chung, Jia Hui Hasyimah, Nur Hussein, Norelyza carbon nanotube (CNT) nanotechnology remediation pesticides heavy metals Nanotechnology is currently an upward trend in diverse fields, and therefore, its application will be reviewed in this paper. One of the nanotechnologies which can be used in environmental remediation is carbon nanotube (CNT). Its excellent mechanical and chemical properties allow it to have better achievement in remediating a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants. CNT can be categorized into two types: single-walled carbon nanotube and multi-walled carbon nanotube. Due to urbanization, various types of pollutants have been released into the environment in great amounts. For instance, estrogen is the hormone generated and released from animals and humans. However, the overconcentration of estrogen affects the physiology of biological life. Besides, pesticides are frequently used by farmers to increase the fertility of the land for agricultural purposes, while heavy metals are commonly found during anthropogenic activities. Long-term absorption of heavy metals into the body tissues will accumulate toxic effects, leading to body system dysfunction. Hence, CNT technologies, including adsorption, membrane filtration, disinfection, hybrid catalysis, and sensing and monitoring, can be applied to remediate these pollutants. However, the application of nanotechnology and CNT faces several challenges, such as production costs, toxicity, ecological risks, and public acceptance. Application of CNT also has pros and cons, such that the lightweight of the CNT allows them to replace metallic wires, but dealing with nano-sized components makes it challenging. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2021-12-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/27 10.53623/tasp.v2i1.27 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 13-26 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/27/45 Copyright (c) 2022 Jia Hui Chung, Nur Hasyimah, Norelyza Hussein https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/53 2022-04-17T06:05:06Z tasp:ART

Treatment of Hot Wash Liquor using Fly Ash Sivamani, Selvaraju Kavya, Mutharasu Vinusha, Vignesh Adsorption Dyeing Hot water liquor Fly ash One-factor-at-a-time Textile industries are the second largest water-consuming industries, next to agriculture. This research is aimed at investigating the utilization of fly ash as a low-cost adsorbent to treat hot wash liquor by employing one factor at a time. Contact time, effluent dosage, pH, mass of adsorbent, temperature, particle size, and agitation speed have been varied to find the optimum conditions for dye removal from hot wash liquor by fly ash. The results from the sorption process show that the maximum dye removal of 56.07% has been obtained at a time of 5 min, an effluent to water ratio of 9:1, pH of 11, an adsorbent dosage of 0.55 g/mL, a temperature of 27 °C, a fly ash particle size of 128 m and an agitation speed of 100 rpm. The analysis of the results was performed through adsorption capacity and percentage colour removal. Hence, the results suggested that fly ash could be used as an effective adsorbent for treating dyehouse effluents. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-01-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/53 10.53623/tasp.v2i1.53 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 27-33 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/53/51 Copyright (c) 2022 Selvaraju Sivamani, Mutharasu Kavya, Vignesh Vinusha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/54 2022-04-17T06:05:06Z tasp:ART

Application of Radiofrequency for Decolorization, Floc Formation, and Microorganism Inactivation Yahaghi, Javad Bazargan, Alireza Radio frequency floc formation color removal disinfection bacteria The use of radio frequency for water and wastewater treatment is a topic that has not been extensively explored. In this study, the effect of a HydroFlow S38 device (Hydropath Holdigs) inducing 150 KHz radio frequency (RF) has been investigated, removing color, forming coagulant flocs and their sedimentation, and the removal of bacteria. Experiments were first conducted on synthetic samples, and then on landfill leachate from the Aradkooh waste processing and landfilling complex (Kahrizak) in Tehran, Iran. The results of the experiments showed that RF had little to no effect on de-coloring in the absence or presence of sodium hypochlorite. Also, the coagulation and flocculation of ferric chloride remained unaffected. However, the use of RF was shown to reduce the number of bacteria significantly. The inductance of RF alone, without any other aid or chemical/physical treatment, was able to reduce the bacterial count by 35%. These findings provide motivation for future research regarding the use of RF for bacteria inactivation. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-01-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/54 10.53623/tasp.v2i1.54 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 34-44 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/54/52 Copyright (c) 2022 Javad Yahaghi, Alireza Bazargan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/68 2022-04-17T06:05:06Z tasp:Review

A Review on Thermal Desorption Treatment for Soil Contamination Kristanti, Risky Ayu Khanitchaidecha, Wilawan Taludar, Gaurav Karácsony, Peter Cao, Linh Thi Thuy Chen, Tse-Wei Darwish, Noura M. AlMunqedhi, Bandar M. Soil contamination is a major issue that must be prioritized, as food safety is mostly determined by soil quality. Soil quality has deteriorated significantly across the world with the continued expansion of industrial growth, urbanization, and agricultural activities. Soil contamination has become a growing issue and a barrier that must be addressed if we are concerned about re-establishing a healthy ecosystem. The activity is mostly driven by human activities, which include the use of pesticides, chlorinated organic pollutants, herbicides, inorganic fertilizers, industrial pollution, solid waste, and urban activities. While many methods have been developed to remediate significant pollutants generated by these activities, their degree of application may be constrained or inappropriate for a specific location. Parameters such as treatment duration, safety, and efficacy of soil/pollutant treatment all play a part in selecting the best appropriate technique. These technologies have been classified into three broad categories: physical, chemical, and bioremediation. This review shows and talks about thermal desorption (TD), which is a common way to clean up polluted soil. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-04-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/68 10.53623/tasp.v2i1.68 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 45-58 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/68/61 Copyright (c) 2022 Risky Ayu Kristanti, Wilawan Khanitchaidecha, Gaurav Taludar, Peter Karácsony, Linh Thi Thuy Cao, Tse-Wei Chen, Noura M. Darwish, Bandar M. AlMunqedhi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/72 2022-04-17T06:05:06Z tasp:Review

Biological Removal of Dyes from Wastewater: A Review of Its Efficiency and Advances Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel Darwish, Noura M. Alkahtani, Abdullah M AbdelGawwad, Mohamed Ragab Karácsony, Peter Effluents bacteria fungi yeast algae enzyme Biological removal of dyes has been advocated due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and low operational requirements in comparison to physicochemical methods of treating dye effluents. This paper aims to compare the efficiency of biological removal of dyes using bacteria, algae, and fungi, including yeasts, besides presenting the recent advances in the field. This paper reviewed scholarly articles published mainly between 2010 and 2021. It found bacteria could degrade a myriad of dyes. Different bacteria could degrade the same dye with different efficiencies. Similarly, one bacterial species could degrade multiple dyes with varying efficiencies. Though regarded as having a faster rate of dye biodegradation than fungi, this review finds bacteria to have comparable performance to fungi in decolorizing dyes, and it is worth mentioning that a few yeast species were reported to have very high efficiency in decolorizing dyes. Mixed bacteria or bacteria-fungus cultures were generally found to have better dye-decolorizing efficiency than pure cultures. Algae have relatively lower efficiency than bacteria and fungi in decolorizing dyes and might require longer contact time. New advances such as genetic engineering as well as immobilization of microorganisms and enzymes could improve the efficiency of dye biodegradation. Nonetheless, before biological removal of dyes can be feasibly applied, there are limitations that need to be overcome. Major limitations include the inconsistent performance of various organisms in decolorizing dyes; the complexity of optimization; inability to completely decolorize dyes; potential formation of toxic by-products upon decolorization of dyes; safety concerns of immobilization materials; and cost and technical feasibility of biological removal of dyes. This review has the significance of highlighting the important bottlenecks of the current biological dye removal technology, which could pave the way for breakthroughs in this domain of research. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-04-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/72 10.53623/tasp.v2i1.72 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 59-75 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/72/63 Copyright (c) 2022 Kuok Ho Daniel Tang, Noura M. Darwish, Abdullah M Alkahtani, Mohamed Ragab AbdelGawwad, Peter Karácsony https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/93 2022-12-14T12:52:52Z tasp:ART

Sediment Suspension Distribution Models in East Canal Flood Estuary Waters, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia Hutasuhut, Alyssa Ismanto, Aris Rochaddi, Baskoro Maslukah, Lilik Widiaratih, Rikha Sediment Suspension Modelling; Hydrodinamics Model; Total Suspended Solids (TSS); East Canal Flood Semarang The study was carried out in Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia, along the East Canal Flood River. There are several community activities that produce some pollutants and total suspended solids (TSS) was one of the elements is. The river transports these pollutants to the estuary. These coastal regions provide exceptional life support for creatures. This study attempts to determine the concentration value of suspended solids, its suitability to the pollution threshold value, and the distribution pattern of the sediment suspension based on hydrodynamic parameters, using the Delft3D program. This study estimated the distribution of sediment suspensions by not only describing conditions at a single point in time, but also representing seasonal conditions periodically. The concentration ranges between 0.04 kg/m3 and 0.06 kg/m3, making it good for aquaculture, marine tourism, and conservation. At high tide, the dispersion of suspended sediment leads to the land; at low tide, it leads to the sea. This study can be utilized as a supplement to prior research, which mainly consisted simply of sediment suspension distribution maps. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-07-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/93 10.53623/tasp.v2i2.93 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 76-89 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/93/82 Copyright (c) 2022 Alyssa Hutasuhut, Aris Ismanto, Baskoro Rochaddi, Lilik Maslukah, Rikha Widiaratih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/100 2022-12-14T12:52:52Z tasp:ART

Downstream Effects of Industrial Effluents Discharge on Some Physicochemical Parameters and Water Quality Index of River Rido, Kaduna State, Nigeria Butu, Ali Williams Emeribe, Chukwudi Nnaemeka Muoka, Ijeoma Obianuju Emeribe, Oluchi Favour Ogbomida, Emmanuel Temiotan Industrial effluent, Urbanization, Water Quality, Downstream Impact, Water Quality Index The effects of industrial effluent discharge on the water quality of River Rido in Kaduna South, Kaduna State, were examined. These include the Northern Noodles discharge point, the Kaduna Refinery discharge point, and points downstream of the River Rido. An interval of 100m between sampling points was established to achieve an even representation of sampling points. The physico-chemical parameters investigated include pH, free dissolved carbon dioxide, alkalinity, hardness, sodium, electrical conductivity, Turbidity, total suspended solids, total phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and dissolved oxygen. Mean levels of turbidity Total suspended solids and total phosphate at effluent discharge points, as well as in most areas downstream of the study area, were generally above permissible limits for drinking water. Statistical differences were observed in the concentration levels of investigated parameters between the control point and effluent discharge points, as well as between the control point and areas downstream of the study area. However, concentration levels were observed to be similar between discharge points and areas downstream of the study area, an indication of contamination downstream by effluent discharge upstream. Notwithstanding, the water quality index of physico-chemical parameters at both effluent discharge points and areas downstream of River Rido shows that the quality of the river ranged from good to excellent at effluent discharge points and areas downstream of River Rido, respectively. This might be attributed to the effect of dilution from rainfall. It is therefore recommended that wastewater effluent from the refinery and northern noodles be properly treated before discharged into the study area. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-08-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/100 10.53623/tasp.v2i2.100 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 90-108 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/100/84 Copyright (c) 2022 Ali Williams Butu, Chukwudi Nnaemeka Emeribe, Ijeoma Obianuju Muoka, Oluchi Favour Emeribe, Emmanuel Temiotan Ogbomida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/103 2022-12-14T12:52:52Z tasp:ART

Investigating The Effects Of Solid Waste Dumps On Surrounding Soil And Ground Water Quality Around Umuwaya Road (Isi-Gate) Umuahia, Abia State Precious, Onyekwere Chioma Nwakanma Open Dumps, Solid Waste, Umuahia, Health -risk, Soil quality, Water quality An increase in industrialization, urbanization, and the rising demand for food and other essentials for human sustainability leads to a rise in the amount of waste being generated daily by individuals, communities, and nations if not properly managed. In Abia State, particularly at the central entrance into the city of Umuahia, generated waste is eventually thrown into open dumps, causing a severe impact on soil, surface and ground water quality. As a result, it has become a probable source of human health risk. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the effect of solid waste dumps on surrounding soil and groundwater quality in Umuwaya Road, Nigeria. Three soil samples and three groundwater samples were collected and analyzed. Heavy metals from soil and groundwater were measured by using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. The physicochemical properties of the soil and water samples were also determined following standards. The data was analyzed using the descriptive SPSS statistical package. The concentration of heavy metals in soil samples revealed copper (0.01±0.00–0.26±0.07), cadmium (0.00±0.00–0.18±0.01), lead (0.03±0.01–0.40±0.03), iron (0.06±0.01–0.58± 0.02) and zinc (0.02±0.01–0.20± 0.04). All the water parameters and heavy metals screened in the samples were within the World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigeria Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) permissible limits, respectively. It is recommended that indiscriminate waste disposal should be prohibited completely in the capital city. Waste reduction, recycling, and reuse must be promoted by the citizens of the state for a sustainable future. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-09-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/103 10.53623/tasp.v2i2.103 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 126-133 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/103/87 Copyright (c) 2022 Onyekwere Precious, Chioma Nwakanma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/107 2022-12-14T12:52:52Z tasp:ART

The Levels of Heavy Metals in the Soil of Illegal Open Dumpsites in Malaysia Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel Goh, Zhu Hang Illegal dumpsites heavy metals soil contamination construction waste municipal waste This study aims to understand the soil impacts of illegal dumpsites in Malaysia through quantifying the heavy metals in the soil of two dumpsites, one receiving construction waste and the other receiving municipal solid waste. Five soil samples were collected from each dumpsite, and sampling was repeated in the second week to examine the temporal changes in the levels of heavy metals. All sampling was conducted in triplicates. The soil samples were sieved, dried, and digested with aqua regia at 70 °C, after which the digested mixtures were filtered. The filtrates were diluted and tested with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer for heavy metals. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-08-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/107 10.53623/tasp.v2i2.107 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 109-125 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/107/85 Copyright (c) 2022 Kuok Ho Daniel Tang, Zhu Hang Goh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/131 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:ART

Assessment of Indoor Household Air Quality Using SentinAir's Cost-effective Sensor Abulude , Francis Olawale Oluwafemi, Matthew Ojo Arifalo, Kikelomo Mabinuola Elisha, Jamok Jacob Kenni, Amoke Monisola According to the World Health Organization, particulate matter (2.5 m) is responsible for more than 4 million deaths worldwide. In real-time, low-cost sensors have assisted in the measurement of PM indoors. SentiAir, a low-cost instrument used in this study, monitors particulate matter (1, 2.5, and 10), as well as nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide, ozone, temperature, and relative humidity. The goal of this study was to place the sensor in a typical household indoor space and evaluate all variables for 30 days as an initial investigation assessment. The sensor's proper procedure was strictly observed. PM1 (17.80 μg/m3), PM2.5 (25.21 μg/m3), PM10 (27.61 μg/m3), CO2 (419.7 ppm), O3 (24.75 ppb), NO2 (66.52 ppb), SO2 (48.04 ppb), temperature (34.1 °C), and humidity were the results (mean) (64%). Once those findings were compared to those of the WHO, it was discovered that PM2.5 and PM10 were well within the 24-hour guideline values of 25 and 50 μg/m3, respectively. However, PM2.5 may pose a risk. Temperature and humidity had a significant impact on the PM and gases. Cooking, especially frying and baking, produced a great increment in PM indoors. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-01-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/131 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.131 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 15-23 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/131/108 Copyright (c) 2023 Francis Olawale Abulude , Matthew Ojo Oluwafemi, Kikelomo Mabinuola Arifalo, Jamok Jacob Elisha, Abdulrasheed Yusuf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/132 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:ART

Evaluation of the Impact of Crude Oil Contamination on Soil's Physicochemical Characteristics, Micro-flora and Crop Yield Okafor, Ugochukwu Chukwuma The effects of crude oil pollution on soil physicochemical properties, microflora, and ecotoxicity were evaluated. Soil samples were contaminated with crude oil, and the effects of contamination on the physicochemical parameters, microflora, and growth index of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds were studied over a 6-month period. The heterotrophic bacteria isolated from the uncontaminated soil were Micrococcus, Klebsiella, Flavobacterium, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Serratia species, and the moulds included microbes such as Aspergillus niger, Fusarium, and Mucor sp. Petroleum contamination increased the pH of the soils to alkaline values while increasing the total nitrogen, organic carbon, and phosphorus contents. Electrical conductivity, nitrogen content, and phosphorus content were significantly reduced after petroleum contamination (p ˂ 0.05). The heavy metal contents of the contaminated soils decreased with increasing remediation time. Zinc, total nitrogen, total organic carbon, and electrical conductivity contents were statistically significantly different among samples throughout the bioremediation period (p ˂ 0.05). The ability of isolates to utilise hydrocarbons was highest for Pseudomonas and Bacillus species and lowest for Klebsiella and Serratia species. After a germination period of 12 days, a germination test showed that the bioattenuated polluted soil improved germination of bean seeds. Bioattenuation methods should be used and improved as a means of remediating petroleum-polluted sites because they are cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-01-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/132 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.132 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 24-35 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/132/109 Copyright (c) 2023 Ugochukwu Chukwuma Okafor https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/134 2022-12-14T12:52:52Z tasp:Review

Characteristics of Microplastic in Commercial Aquatic Organisms Kristanti, Risky Ayu Wong, Wei Lin Darmayati, Yeti Hatmanti, Ariani Wulandari, Nilam Fadmaulidha Sibero, Mada Triandala Afianti, Nur Fitriah Hernandes, Erika Lopez-Martinez, Flavio Microplastic contamination; crustacean; health impact; source and fate This study aims to review the occurrence of microplastics in some commercial aquatic organisms. Microplastics are small plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. Effluent, stormwater, agricultural, and surface runoff introduce microplastic to freshwater basins. Hydrodynamics and hydrology encompass microplastics. River flow speed can cause turbulence and riverbed instability, increasing microplastic concentrations. Fish, shellfish, and crustaceans ingest microplastics in proportion to their quantity in freshwater and marine environments. Human activities cause variations in the form, color, and size of microplastics in the biota. Animals absorb microplastics through trophic transfer. Increased microplastic residence time before ingestion promotes trophic transmission. Lower food concentration and aggregation enhance microplastic retention in zooplankton guts, increasing transmission to higher-trophic-level species. Most studies show that microplastics in biota are discovered in fish and crustacean intestines and bivalve tissues. Microplastic buildup can disrupt live organisms' growth and reproduction, induce oxidative stress, obstruct the digestive system, and damage the intestine. Microplastics may harm people's health if they eat contaminated seafood that contains them, but more research is needed. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2022-12-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/134 10.53623/tasp.v2i2.134 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 134-158 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/134/104 Copyright (c) 2022 Risky Ayu Kristanti, Wei Lin Wong, Yeti Darmayati, Ariani Hatmanti, Nilam Fadmaulidha Wulandari, Mada Triandala Sibero, Nur Fitriah Afianti, Erika Hernandes, Flavio Lopez-Martinez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/152 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:ART

Abundance and Characteristics of Microplastics in the Soil of a Higher Education Institution in China Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel Luo, Yuxin abundance concentration particle size human activities polyethylene residential While microplastics have been detected in various spheres of the environment, there are few studies examining their abundance in higher education institutions, where their exposure to students and staff could raise concern. This study aims to quantify and characterise the microplastics in the soil of a higher education institution in China. Surface soil samples were collected in triplicate from nine sampling sites distributed evenly across teaching, recreational, and residential areas on campus. The soil samples were sieved with a 5 mm screen, and the fractions passing through the sieve were digested with 30% hydrogen peroxide. Microplastics were density-separated from the digested soil and observed under the microscope. ATR-FTIR was used to determine their compositions. This study reveals a higher abundance of microplastics in teaching and residential areas (150–700 items/kg and 50–650 items/kg, respectively) as compared to recreational areas (0–450 items/kg), with the highest mean abundance (516.7 items/kg) recorded for residential areas. Fibrous and fragment microplastics (31.5% and 33.3%, respectively) were most common in the soil samples, with the former more prevalent in residential areas. There were more black microplastics (36.4%) and white microplastics (29.1%) than those of other colors. Microplastics  0.5 mm constituted the largest fraction (64.3%) of total microplastics recovered and polyethylene microplastics were most abundant (35.2%). This study contributes to a better understanding of microplastic pollution in the compounds of higher education institutions, which could be positively linked to the human activities within those institutions. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-01-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/152 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.152 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 1-14 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/152/107 Copyright (c) 2023 Kuok Ho Daniel Tang, Yuxin Luo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/177 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:ART

Assessment of the Physiochemical Characteristics of Water Samples from Vicinity Area of Wadafiae Landfill, Khartoum North, Sudan Elamin, Omer Abbass Elhassan, Abdelelah Mohamed Abdelgadir, Abdelgadir Elfadil Ahmed, Mariam Hamdan The rapid increase in population, urbanization, industrialization, and changes in consumption patterns have given rise to many environmental problems, which mainly include air, land, and water pollution. In Khartoum North, Khartoum State, Sudan, there was a lack of a compatible solid waste management system. These resulted in a decline in environmental health, and the majority of the yards were turned into dumps (kusha). The current study focused on the effects of uncontrolled dumping of municipal solid waste on groundwater, as well as assessing the risk of physiochemical concentrations in the water around the dumpsite and comparing the differences between the dry and rainy seasons in water samples at Wadafiea Dumpsite, Khartoum North, Sudan. Water parameters such as TSS, Cl, TDS, Ca, Mg, SAR, and Na exceeded the controlled 1 (1.333) and 2 (1.332) levels of water and was within the Sudanese Maximum Values, the bounds of Canadian Guideline Values, and WHO Values. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-02-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/177 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.177 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 36-45 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/177/118 Copyright (c) 2023 Omer Abbass Elamin, Abdelelah Mohamed Elhassan, Abdelgadir Elfadil Abdelgadir, Mariam Hamdan Ahmed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/193 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:SHC

Detection of Microbiological Activity in Some Collected Water Samples near Dumping Site of Solid Waste, Khartoum North, Sudan Elamin Abbass , Omer Abbass Elhassan , Abdelelah Mohamed Abdelgadir , Abdelgadir Elfadil Mohamed , Mariam Hamdan Wadafiea Dumpsite, Khartoum North, Sudan, Microbiological, Groundwater, Municipal Waste, Escherichia coli, Coliform A study was conducted at the Wadafiea landfill in Al Khartoum Bahri (North), Sudan, to determine the level of microbial contamination in water samples collected from nearby areas around the landfill. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of solid waste disposal in open dumps and assess the associated risks to water. The study tested for coliform bacteria (E.coli) and compared the seasonal differences between the samples collected during the dry and rainy seasons. The results indicated higher levels of E.coli contamination in each season, with the rainy season samples showing particularly high levels (66.03 × 10⁴ cfu/ml) compared to the dry season (31.93 × 10⁴ cfu/ml). It was concluded that the groundwater was highly polluted due to the current landfill location. The local authorities and the department of solid waste management were advised to close this landfill and relocate it to the outskirts of Al Khartoum Bahri (North) city. Additionally, it was recommended that international regulations for standard landfills should be maintained and implemented. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-04-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/193 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.193 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 69-75 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/193/125 Copyright (c) 2023 Omer Abbass Elamin Abbass , Abdelelah Mohamed Elhassan , Abdelgadir Elfadil Abdelgadir , Mariam Hamdan Mohamed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/200 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:ART

Human Safety Evaluation of Heavy Metals, Physicochemical Parameters, and Microorganisms in Lagoon Water at Ikorodu Lighter Terminal in Lagos, Nigeria Yahaya, Tajudeen Balogun, Khadijat Danlami, Mohammed Bashar Shemishere, Ufuoma Abdulganiyu, Yunusa Ola-Buraimo, Olatunji Ikorodu Lighter Terminal is an important lagoon port in Lagos, Nigeria. However, the intense anthropogenic activities that take place around the port could potentially pollute the water. This study assessed the safety of human exposure to the water around the port. Samples of the water were assayed for physicochemical parameters, namely: electrical conductivity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, turbidity, hardness, calcium, chloride, sulphate, nitrite, and phosphate. Moreover, heavy metals, including lead, manganese, copper, cadmium, nickel, and chromium, were analyzed, and their values were used to estimate potential health risks. Also assayed was the presence of microorganisms. The water samples had non-permissible levels of nitrite, oil and grease, and BOD. The concentrations of the heavy metals as well as their average daily ingestion and average daily dermal exposure were within the tolerable limits, except Ni. However, their hazard quotient and carcinogenic risk via ingestion and dermal contact exceeded the tolerable limits. Safe levels of bacteria, coliforms, and fungi were detected in the water. Based on these results, the water may expose users to health hazards. There is a need for policies geared towards the safety of human exposure to the water. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-03-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/200 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.200 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 58-68 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/200/121 Copyright (c) 2023 Tajudeen Yahaya, Khadijat Balogun, Mohammed Bashar Danlami, Ufuoma Shemishere, Yunusa Abdulganiyu, Ola-Buraimo Olatunji https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/208 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:Review

Some Behavioural and Physiological Effects of Plastics (Polyethylene) on Fish Orose, Ekinadose Wokeh, Okechukwu Kenneth Okey-Wokeh, Chidinma Georginia Homeostasis; Hormone; Malfunction; Ocean; Sink Waste generation and disposal, particularly of plastics, have grown significantly over time due to the rapid expansion of urban development. Aquatic species are especially threatened by plastic pollution because the aquatic ecosystem serves as a sink for all contaminants. The capacity for regular development and reproduction is crucial for both human and wildlife health. The endocrine system, which comprises numerous glands that emit hormones to control blood sugar, growth, reproduction, metabolism, and the development of the brain, normally controls these functions. The majority of the synthetic organic chemicals used in plastics come from petroleum. It is well known that their effects cause the endocrine system's regular operation to be disrupted. Plastics are produced at a low cost, and their light weight and adaptability make them candidates for a wide range of uses in all facets of daily life. Plastic waste can enter the ecosystem through waste discharges from oil and gas platforms, aquaculture, and landfills, as well as through litter such as bags and plastic bits used as abrasives. Because they include indigestible particles that fill the stomach and lessen appetite, plastics have been implicated in harming the health of a variety of creatures. They were also discovered in the gastrointestinal tract of individual fish after one week, which disrupted the food's flow to the intestinal mucosa and had an impact on the fish's growth and physical condition. Additionally, fish exposed to plastics have been shown to exhibit changed behavior, decreased sperm motility, and increased thyroid hormone production. Therefore, exposure to varied amounts of polyethylene impairs an organism's normal physiological functioning and has the potential to impact negatively on both the health of the organism and its offspring. This review was aimed at highlighting the risks of plastic exposure to fish and people through the food chain. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-03-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/208 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.208 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 46-57 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/208/120 Copyright (c) 2023 Chidinma Georginia Okey-Wokeh, Ekinadose Orose, Okechukwu Kenneth Wokeh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/214 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:ART

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal of Wastewater via Constructed Wetlands Approach Tang, Jun Kit Jusoh, Muhammad Noor Hazwan Jusoh, Hisyam This study aimed to determine the efficiency of media pollutant removal from municipal wastewater with high concentrations of ammonia and phosphorus in constructed wetlands  (CWs). The study utilized secondary data from previous studies that were published in credible sources. The removal efficiencies of the five media used in the constructed wetland, namely, peat-cattails, cattails, peat, Viteveria zizanioides, and Phragmite karka, were compared. The results showed that CWs with Viteveria zizaniode exhibited the best performance on average, removing 84% nitrogen and 86% phosphorus. Peat was also effective in attenuating pH. Humic and fulvic acids in peat moss can be released quickly in an aqueous environment under alkaline conditions, effectively lowering the pH value. The combination of Viteveria zizaniode and peat significantly improved pollutant removal efficiency in municipal wastewater with high concentrations of ammonia and phosphorus. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-04-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/214 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.214 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 76-87 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/214/126 Copyright (c) 2023 Jun Kit Tang, Muhammad Noor Hazwan Jusoh, Hisyam Jusoh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/222 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:Review

Phytoremediation Mechanism for Emerging Pollutants : A Review Kristanti, Risky Ayu Tirtalistyani, Rose Tang, Yien Yu Thao, Nguyen Thi Thanh Kasongo, Joseph Wijayanti, Yureana Emerging pollutants; environmental fate; phytoremediation; green liver model. As a result of urbanization and industrialization, emerging pollutants have become a global concern due to contamination and their potential adverse effects on the ecosystem and human health. However, the characteristics and environmental fate of emerging pollutants remain unclear due to the limitations of current technologies. Emerging pollutants are predominantly released into the environment through anthropogenic activities and accumulate in water, soil, air, and dust. Despite their typically low concentrations in the environment, exposure to these pollutants can result in endocrine disruption and other health impacts on the human body, as well as oxidative stress in organisms. Phytoremediation is a green biotechnology that utilizes plants in association with microorganisms to mitigate pollutants in contaminated areas through various mechanisms. It represents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach, although its efficacy can be hindered by both the biological condition of plants and ecological factors. Moreover, phytoremediation generally requires a longer remediation timeframe compared to alternative technologies. The remediation of emerging pollutants aligns with the "green liver model" theory, which encompasses translocation, internal transformation and conjugation, and sequestration as classification categories. Presently, several challenges are being encountered in this field, including a lack of information regarding emerging pollutants and their metabolism in plants, the absence of a modeling framework and standardized monitoring practices, limitations in sampling and analysis technologies, as well as phytoremediation technologies. Therefore, further research is warranted to delve into the behavior of emerging pollutants and their interactions with plants, aiming to develop or enhance existing technologies. Additionally, the concept of phytomanagement should be considered, as it offers a sustainable approach to environmental remediation. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-05-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/222 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.222 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 88-108 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/222/137 Copyright (c) 2023 Risky Ayu Kristanti, Rose Tirtalistyani, Yien Yu Tang, Nguyen Thi Thanh Thao, Joseph Kasongo, Yureana Wijayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/230 2025-04-24T06:02:03Z tasp:ART

High Incidence of Contact Dermatitis in Communal Rainwater Harvesting Users in a Rural Area of Sampang, Madura, East Java, Indonesia Setyoningsih, Dian Adriyani, Retno Diyanah, Khuliyah Candraning Elamin, Muhammad Zamzami Marparan village in Sampang, Indonesia uses a communal rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) for collecting water during the dry season. This study aimed to assess the quality of the water in the communal rainwater catchment pond (CRHP) and investigate the occurrence of contact dermatitis among the community members. The research followed an observational approach with a cross-sectional design, involving 50 individuals randomly selected from the user community of the CRHP for sanitation hygiene purposes. Water samples were collected from the CRHP and analyzed for physical characteristics, pH level, and surfactant content. The results revealed that the water in the communal rainwater storage pond did not meet the quality standards established by the Ministry of Health Indonesia. Additionally, a significant association was found between age and the occurrence of contact dermatitis. However, no significant relationships were observed between variables such as activity type, exposure frequency, and the incidence of contact dermatitis. Moreover, no relationships were identified between activity type, exposure frequency, duration of exposure, and the occurrence of contact dermatitis. It was observed that respondents did not rinse with clean water after using the communal rainwater storage pond for bathing or washing clothes. Therefore, it is recommended that individuals rinse with clean water after engaging in activities involving the use of the rainwater storage pond to minimize the risk of contact dermatitis. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-06-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/230 10.53623/tasp.v3i1.230 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 109-119 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/230/147 Copyright (c) 2023 Dian Setyoningsih, Retno Adriyani, Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah, Muhammad Zamzami Elamin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/241 2025-04-24T06:05:26Z tasp:Review

Role of Fungi in Biodegradation of Bisphenol A: A Review Kristanti, Risky Ayu Ningsih, Fitria Yati, Indri Kasongo, Joseph Mtui, Elias Rachana, Kong Endocrine disruptor; ligninolytic enzymes; immobilized enzymes; cometabolic pathways. Bisphenol A (BPA) is recognized as an endocrine disruptor, capable of interfering with the normal functioning of hormones within the body by mimicking the effects of estrogen. Drinking water is one of the most common pathways of exposure to BPA as it can permeate plastic products and other materials, entering water sources. This article presents a comprehensive overview of BPA, including its incidence, origins, environmental fate, its impact on human health, and the role of fungi in the biodegradation of BPA. Fungi are natural decomposers, capable of breaking down organic compounds, including BPA, under suitable conditions. Studies have demonstrated that specific species of fungi can effectively biodegrade BPA. Some fungi utilize ligninolytic enzymes, such as laccases and peroxidases, to break down the phenolic rings of BPA. Other fungi employ non-ligninolytic enzymes, such as esterases and hydrolases, to cleave the ester linkages in BPA. Furthermore, some fungi can break down BPA via cometabolic pathways, whereby the chemical is degraded as a side reaction to the degradation of another substrate. The use of immobilized enzymes for BPA degradation has also demonstrated potential. Immobilized enzymes are those that are attached to a solid support, such as a polymer or matrix, allowing them to be used multiple times and enhance their stability and catalytic activity Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-07-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/241 10.53623/tasp.v3i2.241 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 131-143 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/241/155 Copyright (c) 2023 Risky Ayu Kristanti, Fitria Ningsih, Indri Yati, Joseph Kasongo, Elias Mtui, Kong Rachana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/262 2025-04-24T06:05:26Z tasp:Review

Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel abundance characteristics landlocked microplastics sediment water The detection of microplastics in the water and sediment samples of the landlocked countries in central and eastern Asia means the relatively less populous countries are not spared from microplastic pollution. It is crucial to understand the severity of microplastic pollution in and near those countries since there are significantly fewer regional studies on microplastic pollution conducted for those countries. This review aims to systematically present the occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in and near the landlocked countries to shed light on the severity of microplastic pollution therein. It analyzed the contents of more than 38 papers to achieve its aim. Of all the landlocked countries, Mongolia has the most studies on microplastic pollution, while there are none for Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. For dried sediment samples, the microplastic contents ranged from 862 items/kg in the Tuul River of Mongolia to 15–46 items/kg on the Iranian side of the Caspian Sea near Turkmenistan. Lake Hovsgol in Mongolia recorded a microplastic density of 20,264 items/km2, whereas the Selenga River system had a mean microplastic density of 120.14 items/km2. Microplastics concentrations in the Caspian Sea varied, with areas near the southwest of Turkmenistan having microplastics concentrations ranging from 0.000246 items/l to 0.710 items/l. The microplastics levels in the countries are comparable to those of other regions in the world, indicating the impacts of human activities on microplastic pollution. Some microplastics might also have entered the countries through long-range transport by air and water from areas of higher human activity. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-07-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/262 10.53623/tasp.v3i2.262 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 120-130 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/262/154 Copyright (c) 2023 Kuok Ho Daniel Tang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/267 2025-04-24T06:05:26Z tasp:ART

Microbiological Quality and Physico-chemical Properties of Bore-Hole Water from Stored Water Tanks in Selected Hostels in Ifite-Awka, Nigeria Okafor, Ugochukwu Chukwuma Anastasia, Onwugbenu Nneoma Dike, Umeoduagu Nnamdi The microbiological and physicochemical properties of bore-hole waters from water reservoirs in selected hostels in ifite-Awka metropolis were evaluated. Five (5) bore-hole water samples from stored-water tanks were evaluated to ascertain the physicochemical parameters, presence and population of different bacterial and fungal groups. Total heterotrophic bacterial (THC) counts ranged from 1.20x103 cfu/ml to 6.5x103 while the fungal counts spanned from 2.5x103 cfu/ml to 8.9x103 cfu/ml. Bacteria obtained from the borehole waters include Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. E. coli was the most prevalent with MPN 380/100 ml of water reported in sample A while Shigella sp. was the least prevalent with MPN 130/100 ml of water reported in samples B and E. Fungal isolates obtained include Aspergillus species, Candida species, Acremonium species and Cladosporium species. E. coli and Aspergillus spp. were predominant than other isolates. The pH ranged from 6.65 to 7.47; hardness ranged from 92 mg/l to 156 mg/l and Iron concentration ranges from 0.267 ppm to 0.378 ppm, phosphate contents ranged from 2.375 to 6.125 while Nitrate contents ranged from 1.071 to 6.214. The presence of these organisms in water meant for municipalities indicates faecal contamination. This calls for improved sanitary conditions of reservoir tanks in these locations and beyond. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-07-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/267 10.53623/tasp.v3i2.267 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 144-152 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/267/156 Copyright (c) 2023 Ugochukwu Chukwuma Okafor, Onwugbenu Nneoma Anastasia, Umeoduagu Nnamdi Dike https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/272 2025-04-24T06:05:26Z tasp:ART

The Effect of Septage Sludge and Oxidizing Agents in the Microbial Fuel Cells Generating Electricity Safitri, Vidia Wahyu Meidy Yuniarto, Adhi Purnomo, Alfan Marhendra, Bara Awanda Electricity Electrolyte Microbial Fuel Cell Septage Slugde Tofu Waste Water Earlier research demonstrated the efficacy of microbial fuel cells in both wastewater treatment and renewable electric current generation. In this process, microbial fuel cells harness the potential of wastewater as a substrate and energy source, enabling microorganisms to generate electric current. Introducing microorganisms sourced from septage sludge acts as a microbial catalyst. Additionally, tofu wastewater is employed as a nutritional resource to support the growth of these microorganisms. A dual-chamber reactor was utilized to carry out this study, featuring an anode and a cathode connected through a salt bridge. Various substrate variations were performed on the anode, specifically with a combination of tofu liquid waste and septage sludge at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. Additionally, different electrolyte solutions, such as KMnO4 and K3(Fe(CN)6), were used at the cathode. Using different electrolyte solutions as electron acceptors can enhance the electric current production generated. The study spanned 240 hours of operation, during which electric current, voltage, COD, and BOD measurements were taken at 48-hour intervals. The findings revealed that including septage sludge in a 1:3 ratio yielded the highest current strength compared to other substrate variations, measuring 16.34 mA. When using a 0.25 M KMnO4 as an electrolyte solution, the voltage recorded was 8.78 V. Additionally, the most effective removal of COD and BOD content was achieved with a substrate ratio of 1:3 in the presence of KMnO4, achieving removal rates of 95.12% and 96.45%, respectively. These results indicate that adding septage sludge contributes to increased electricity current production. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-08-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/272 10.53623/tasp.v3i2.272 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 153-167 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/272/158 Copyright (c) 2023 Vidia Wahyu Meidy Safitri, Adhi Yuniarto, Alfan Purnomo, Bara Awanda Marhendra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/281 2025-04-24T06:05:26Z tasp:ART

Assessment of Anthropogenic Impact on Ecosystem Service Safety of Agboyi River in Lagos, Southwestern, Nigeria Yahaya, Tajudeen Olanrewaju Salisu, Titilola Fausat Yunusa, Abdulganiyu John, Emmanuel Yusuf, Abdulrahman Bashir Abdulrazak Karabonde Umar Abe, Oluwatosin The Agboyi River in Lagos, Nigeria provides important ecosystem services; however, anthropogenic activities are polluting the river, necessitating periodic monitoring. This study assessed the heavy metal content (lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and arsenic) in water samples from the river. Additionally, we evaluated various physicochemical parameters, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, hardness, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sulfate, and nitrate. The values of each heavy metal were used to calculate human average daily ingestion (ADI), average daily dermal exposure (ADDE), hazard quotient (HQ), and carcinogenic risk (CR). The physicochemical analysis revealed non-permissible levels of TDS, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, magnesium, calcium, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, and phosphate. The heavy metal analysis showed intolerable levels of lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and copper. The ADIs for the heavy metals were within the recommended dietary intake (RDI), but their ADDEs exceeded the RDI, except for chromium. The HQ and CR for all heavy metals exceeded recommended limits. Seasonal variations were observed in the physicochemical parameters, with TDS, turbidity, acidity, nitrate, and phosphate being higher in the wet season, while other parameters were higher in the dry season. The water poses health hazards to users, indicating the need for river remediation. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-11-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/281 10.53623/tasp.v3i2.281 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 184-195 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/281/165 Copyright (c) 2023 Tajudeen Olanrewaju Yahaya, Titilola Fausat Salisu, Abdulganiyu Yunusa, Emmanuel John, Abdulrahman Bashir Yusuf, Abdulrazak Karabonde Umar, Oluwatosin Abe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/282 2025-04-24T06:05:26Z tasp:Review

A Review of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Regulatory Frameworks: Their Implications on Malaysia Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel disclosure environment framework governance regulatory social The increasing emphasis on sustainability has led many nations to introduce ESG-related regulatory frameworks. These frameworks aim to regulate and guide financial investments based on the ESG performance of companies while ensuring transparency to prevent the manipulation of sustainability-related information concerning investment products. This article reviews the regulatory and disclosure frameworks implemented in different nations and regions to identify their key components. The review reveals that these regulatory frameworks capture the environmental aspects encompassing climate change adaptation and mitigation, identification, evaluation and management of climate risks, circular economy practices, and pollution prevention. They also cover the social aspects, which include community development, employee welfare, and human rights. Additionally, governance aspects comprising anti-corruption measures, diversity within company boards and management, and the implementation of due diligence were included. The increased emphasis on transparency underscores the importance of disclosure. In this regard, the disclosure frameworks largely align with the recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures, which cover governance, strategies for identifying and assessing risks and opportunities, their impacts on a company's finances and operations, resilience-building through scenario analyses, risk management integration with the overall organizational risk management, and the use of metrics and targets to measure performance. Malaysia could benefit from adopting comprehensive regulatory and disclosure frameworks that address ESG holistically, with elements related to the circular economy and dual materiality included in the frameworks. Future studies could focus on standardizing the development of metrics and targets to facilitate performance comparisons. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2023-09-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/282 10.53623/tasp.v3i2.282 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 168-183 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/282/162 Copyright (c) 2023 Kuok Ho Daniel Tang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/343 2025-04-24T06:08:58Z tasp:ART

Phytoremediation with Sunflower (Helionthus annus) and Its Capacity for Cadmium Removal in Contaminated Soils Ogungbile, Peter Oyelade Ajibare, Adefemi Olatayo Enochoghene, Adebisi Esther Ogunbode, Timothy Oyebamiji Omotayo, Olumide Ekundayo Omotayo Ekanade , Christiana Tinuola Sridhar, Mynepalli Kameswara Chandra Akande, John Adebayo Contaminated soil Sunflower Phytoremediation Cadmium Organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF) This study assessed the phytoremediation potential of sunflowers for removing cadmium from the soil around a paint manufacturing industry in Eleyele, Ibadan. Background levels of Cd in the topsoil and subsoil were determined. The site was divided into two plots. Organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF) was applied to the first plot, which served as the experimental plot, while the second plot was without OMF and served as the control. Concentrations of cadmium in the plants were determined using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Baseline mean Cd contents were 29.23 mg/kg and 33.30 mg/kg for topsoil and subsoil, respectively. Over the planting period, the sunflower plants removed 53.1% and 51.6% of Cd from the topsoil and subsoil in the test plot, while 40.65% and 47.80% were removed from the topsoil and subsoil, respectively, in the control. Cd absorption from the contaminated soils was found to be translocated to all parts of the sunflower. The concentrations of Cd in the sunflower parts were as follows: root system (10.70 mg/kg), shoot (8.17 mg/kg), leaves (6.43 mg/kg), and seeds (2.52 mg/kg) for the test plot. For the control plots, Cd in the root, shoot, leaves, and seeds were 7.60 mg/kg, 7.43 mg/kg, 4.75 mg/kg, and 2.03 mg/kg, respectively. The study confirmed that sunflowers have the potential to remediate Cd from contaminated soil, and this potential was enhanced by the application of OMF. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-02-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/343 10.53623/tasp.v4i1.343 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 1-9 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/343/194 Copyright (c) 2024 Peter Oyelade Ogungbile, Adefemi Olatayo Ajibare, Adebisi Esther Enochoghene, Timothy Oyebamiji Ogunbode, Olumide Ekundayo Omotayo Omotayo, Christiana Tinuola Ekanade , Mynepalli Kameswara Chandra Sridhar, John Adebayo Akande https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/398 2025-04-24T06:08:58Z tasp:ART

Stabilization of Pb, Cu, and Zn in Phytoaccumulator Ash in Calcined Clay-based Geopolymers and Potential Application Ogunsola, Samuel Sunday Adelodun, Adedeji Adebukola Ogundiran, Mary Bosede geopolymer stabilization phytoaccumulator ash calcined clay heavy metals Following phytoremediation, the disposal of accumulating plants (phytoaccumulators) is challenging because the accumulated metals could leach back into the soil if not properly managed. Therefore, this study aims to use calcined clay (CC)-based geopolymer to stabilize Pb, Cu, and Zn in a phytoaccumulator (Sporobolus pyramidalis) ash (PA). Additionally, the effect of adding PA on the setting time, mechanical and heavy metals leaching properties of the geopolymers was investigated, to determine their environmental suitability and potential applications. Mixed proportions of CC (85-100%) and PA (5% - 15%) were used to produce geopolymers, using 8 M NaOH/Na2SiO3 (1:1) as an alkaline activator. The geopolymers were cured for 7 and 28 days at ambient temperatures. Thermograms showed the dehydroxylation of kaolinite at 450-650 °C. X-ray flourescene (XRF) analysis showed CC’s predominant oxides as SiO2 (53.1%) and Al2O3 (41.4%), while PA exhibited SiO2 (46.6%), CaO (13.8%), PbO (1.30%), ZnO (0.28%), and CuO (0.04%). Thermal treatment eliminated most FTIR bands associated with kaolinite, converting crystalline kaolinite into amorphous metakaolinite. Geopolymer setting time ranged from 75 min (100% CC) to 111 min (85% CC). Furthermore, elevated Cao content in the PA resulted in the geopolymer’s early strength development. However, the compressive strength decreased as PA quantity increased, with 95% CC-PA exhibiting maximum strength (22.5 ± 0.2 MPa) after 28 days. Further tests confirmed that 95% and 90% CC-PA geopolymer effectively stabilized Pb and Cu. Fabricated geopolymers met the ASTM (C62-17) Specification Standard for building brick, indicating their suitability as a waste-based construction material under controlled conditions. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-04-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/398 10.53623/tasp.v4i1.398 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 27-42 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/398/210 Copyright (c) 2024 Samuel Sunday Ogunsola, Adedeji Adebukola Adelodun, Mary Bosede Ogundiran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/403 2025-04-24T06:08:58Z tasp:Review

Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos by Microbes: A Review Rubiyatno Maulana, Aulia Tongco, Jovale Vincent Yulisa, Arma Park , Sang Hyeok Jannat, Md Abu Hanifa Permana, Rega Thakali, Ocean Lie, Michael Fahssi, Aouatif Aziez, Ouahiba Bastidas, Camilo Chlorpyrifos; biodegradation; microbes; pesticide; bioremediation Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a widely used organophosphate pesticide known for its recalcitrant nature, raising concerns about potential ecological and health impacts due to its toxicity. Many plants and animals are contaminated with this pesticide. Microbial biodegradation offers an environmentally friendly and effective method to remove CP from the environment and mitigate its impacts, especially given its low cost, particularly when bioremediation is conducted on-site. Different types of microbial species have been found to function under various environmental conditions, with some, like Pseudomonas nitroreducens PS-2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCIM 2074), showing promising results with degradation rates of up to 100%. However, challenges exist, such as partial degradation caused by the presence of metabolites, and the recalcitrant nature of CP, which can impede microbes' ability to effectively degrade its hydrocarbon ring. Overall, a combination of approaches, such as microbial and algal methods, or the discovery of new microbial strains, can help overcome these challenges and further enhance the long-term viability of this technique. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-03-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/403 10.53623/tasp.v4i1.403 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 10-26 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/403/207 Copyright (c) 2024 Rubiyatno, Aulia Maulana, Jovale Vincent Tongco, Arma Yulisa, Sang Hyeok Park , Md Abu Hanifa Jannat, Rega Permana, Ocean Thakali, Michael Lie, Aouatif Fahssi, Ouahiba Aziez, Camilo Bastidas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/437 2025-04-24T06:08:58Z tasp:Review

Assessing the Impact of Pharmaceutical Contamination in Malaysian Groundwater: Risks, Modelling, and Remediation Strategies Lie, Michael Rubiyatno Binhudayb, Faisal Saud Thao, Nguyen Thi Thanh Kristanti, Risky Ayu pharmaceuticals; groundwater; Malaysia; source; distribution; movement; evolution; impact; remediation Pharmaceuticals in Malaysia’s groundwater are a growing concern as they can potentially affect the environment and human health negatively. Pharmaceuticals are found in abundance in groundwater from sources such as septic tanks, leachates from landfills, wastewater effluents from pharmaceutical-related industries, medical institutions, wastewater treatment plants, and households, agriculture runoff and leakage of effluent wastes in Malaysia. Pharmaceutical contaminant usually travels through advection and dispersion from waterways or soil into the groundwater. The mathematical model of the advection-dispersion equation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are analysed for the prediction of movement and concentration of pharmaceuticals.  Furthermore, the evolution of pharmaceuticals in the environment, living organisms and human health is assessed. Pharmaceuticals have found their way into the food chain and exhibit toxicity and hazard to aquatic ecosystems. However, the toxicity of pharmaceuticals to humans is still not yet much to be researched although strong evidence of possible negative consequences. Moreover, remediation technologies such as activated carbon adsorption, activated sludge, anaerobic treatment and advanced oxidation process are discussed for the mitigation of pharmaceuticals contamination. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-06-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/437 10.53623/tasp.v4i1.437 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 43-59 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/437/224 Copyright (c) 2024 Michael Lie, Rubiyatno, Faisal Saud Binhudayb, Nguyen Thi Thanh Thao, Risky Ayu Kristanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/446 2025-04-24T06:08:58Z tasp:Review

Microplastics and Antibiotics in Aquatic Environments: A Review of Their Interactions and Ecotoxicological Implications Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel antibiotics antibiotic resistance genes adsorption biodegradation photodegradation microplastics Microplastics and antibiotics are two significant emerging pollutants found together in water bodies, raising concerns about their mutual effects. This review delves into how microplastics and antibiotics interact in aqueous environments and the ecotoxicological implications of such interactions, particularly the bioavailability of antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance genes. It outlines that antibiotics attach to microplastics primarily through hydrophobic, hydrogen-bonding, and electrostatic interactions. Other bonds, comprising halogen bonding, cation−π interaction, and negative charge-assisted hydrogen bonds, may also be involved to better explain antibiotic adsorption patterns. The adsorption of antibiotics to microplastics often follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and in some instances, the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The common adsorption isotherms governing this interaction are the linear and Freundlich models. Microplastics may increase the biodegradation of adsorbed antibiotics due to the presence of antibiotic-degrading bacteria in the biofilms. They could also hamper direct photodegradation but facilitate indirect photodegradation of adsorbed antibiotics. However, their photodegradative effect remains inconclusive. Microplastics and antibiotics exhibit significant toxicity to algae, while their effects on fish and daphnia are less noticeable, suggesting that their combination does not pose an immediate threat to the well-being and proliferation of larger aquatic organisms. In some instances, microplastics reduce the deleterious effects of antibiotics on aquatic life. Microplastics serve as catalysts for gene transfer, enhancing the propagation of antibiotic-resistance genes in these ecosystems. This review underscores the importance of understanding the regulatory mechanisms of microplastics on antibiotic-resistance gene diversity, particularly at the gene expression level. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-06-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/446 10.53623/tasp.v4i1.446 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 60-78 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/446/225 Copyright (c) 2024 Kuok Ho Daniel Tang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/456 2025-03-20T07:58:14Z tasp:ART

Phytoremediation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Water Lettuce and Duckweed Dolhan, Mimi Malisa Arbaan, Nur Shuhada Bain, Noor Farahin Phytoremediation; Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME); Water Lettuce; Duckweed Phytoremediation is a widely recent studied and applied technology, using various plants to remediate contaminants from wastewater by extraction, containment or destruction method which also known as eco-friendly and cost-effective techniques compared to conventional processes. The huge increased of palm oil production industry has become major environmental concern but not much have been said about the negative effects. Three major waste streams in processing palm oil were gaseous (pollutant gases), liquid (POME) and solid (palm press fibre, chaff, palm kernel shell and empty fruit bunch). The aim of this study was to determine the potential of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and duckweed (Lemna minor) in removing contaminants in POME. Seven water quality parameters based on Sewage and Industrial Effluent Discharge Standards were selected in this study like pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). POME sample were placed in 3 basins for 28 days; (basin 1 – control, basin 2 – duckweed, Basin 3 – water lettuce), and each basin were tested with different retention time. The results showed that both studied plants have positive result as phytoremediation agents effectively in removing contaminants of POME. To achieve optimal contaminant reduction, incorporate a combination of phytoremediation and other complementary treatment would be beneficial before POME release into waterways. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/456 10.53623/tasp.v4i2.456 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 79-86 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/456/232 Copyright (c) 2024 Mimi Malisa Dolhan, Nur Shuhada Arbaan, Noor Farahin Bain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/476 2025-03-20T07:58:14Z tasp:Review

Environmental Impact of Synthetic Dyes on Groundwater in Malaysia: Sources, Distribution, Transport Mechanisms, and Mitigation Strategies Chan, Alfred Rubiyatno Akhmetov, Zarina Groundwater; aquifer; synthetic dye; MODFLOW; contamination Synthetic dyes, extracted from natural sources like insects, plants, coal, and ochre, have become prevalent due to their advantages over natural dyes. However, their production has led to increased environmental pollution, particularly in groundwater. Groundwater contamination from synthetic dyes occurs through advection, dispersion, and retardation. This review aims to highlight the environmental impacts of synthetic dyes on groundwater, elucidate the mechanisms of dye transport, and propose effective strategies for monitoring and mitigating contamination. Urban runoff carries dyes from surfaces such as roofs, parking lots, and roads into stormwater systems, while agricultural runoff transports dyes from products like soil conditioners, fertilizers, and seed coatings into water bodies. In groundwater, dyes move through the aquifer via advection, dispersion, and retardation, all influenced by groundwater flow and geological conditions. The advection process involves the bulk movement of groundwater carrying dissolved dyes, while dispersion causes dyes to spread and dilute over time and distance. Retardation, which involves the adsorption of dye molecules onto soil particles, slows dye movement, prolonging their presence in groundwater. Understanding the sources, distribution, and movement of synthetic dyes in groundwater is crucial for developing strategies to protect water resources and reduce environmental and health impacts. The extensive use of dyes in industrial and domestic activities necessitates comprehensive monitoring and management to ensure sustainable groundwater quality. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-10-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/476 10.53623/tasp.v4i2.476 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 87-99 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/476/245 Copyright (c) 2024 Alfred Chan, Rubiyatno, Zarina Akhmetov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/489 2025-03-20T07:58:14Z tasp:Review

Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds in Urban Soils of Malaysia: Occurrence, Contamination, and Impacts on Health and the Environment Lie, Michael Kasongo, Joseph Mtui, Elias Rubiyatno Tongco, Jovale Vincent Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs); urban soils; Malaysia; environmental impacts Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) have garnered increasing concern in recent years due to their association with severe health issues and significant environmental impacts. EDCs, which can interfere with endogenous hormone systems, are diverse in structure and are often characterized by low molecular mass and halogen substitutions. Their presence in the environment, originating from both natural and synthetic sources, has been well-documented in water bodies, but studies on their occurrence in soils remain limited. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, contamination, and impacts of EDCs in the urban soils of Malaysia. The paper discusses the primary sources of EDCs, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, industrial chemicals, and combustion byproducts, and examines the pathways through which these compounds enter the soil. Health risks associated with exposure to EDCs, as well as their ecological consequences, are also explored. The review highlights the current status of EDCs contamination in Malaysian soils, identifies gaps in research, and outlines the challenges in monitoring and mitigating these contaminants. Understanding the dynamics of EDCs in soil is crucial for developing effective strategies to protect human health and the environment in urban settings. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-10-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/489 10.53623/tasp.v4i2.489 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 100–110 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/489/246 Copyright (c) 2024 Michael Lie, Joseph Kasongo, Elias Mtui, Rubiyatno, Jovale Vincent Tongco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/490 2025-03-20T07:58:14Z tasp:Review

Environmental Impact and Decomposition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Soils: Challenges and Future Directions Emre, Mehmet Rubiyatno Tongco, Jovale Vincent Permana, Rega Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; composting; soil; fate and transport The rapid pace of urbanization and development has led to an increasing global concern over polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to their persistent and widespread presence in the environment, posing significant threats to ecosystems and human health. PAHs originate from both natural and human-made sources and can be categorized based on their origin into pyrogenic, petrogenic, and biogenic products. Upon entering the environment, PAHs undergo various chemical and biological transformations, and their movement occurs through processes such as air-to-soil and soil-to-air transport. Composting, a green and cost-effective technology, offers a promising solution for PAH remediation. This process, which includes mesophilic, thermophilic, cooling, and maturing stages, can yield compost that is useful as fertilizer and soil amendment in agriculture. The success of composting depends on factors such as substrate bioavailability, oxygen levels, nutrient supply, and environmental conditions. While composting has shown effectiveness in reducing PAH levels, it is not without challenges, including the risk of weed infestation, greenhouse gas emissions, and odor pollution. The main obstacles in PAH remediation today are the limited bioaccessibility of PAHs and the insufficient focus on the formation of oxygenated PAHs during the process. Future research should address these challenges, particularly by improving PAH bioaccessibility and mitigating issues related to odor and greenhouse gas emissions. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-10-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/490 10.53623/tasp.v4i2.490 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 111-126 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/490/254 Copyright (c) 2024 Mehmet Emre, Rubiyatno, Jovale Vincent Tongco, Rega Permana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/497 2025-03-20T07:58:14Z tasp:ART

Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle Adsorbents from Waste Aluminum Foil and Assesses Their Efficiency in Removing Lead (II) Ions from Water Aktaruzzaman, Md Salam, Sayed M.A. Mostafa, M.G. Adsorbent isotherms kinetics lead removal aluminum foil water treatment Aluminum oxide nanoparticles have recently been applied to water treatment as adsorbents by researchers. In this study, aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlONPs) were synthesized using scrap aluminum foil through a straightforward, inexpensive, and green approach, and their performance in adsorbing lead (II) ions from an aqueous solution was assessed. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to analyze their bonding nature, particle size, phase composition, and surface morphology. They exhibited an average particle size of 32.73 nm, consisting predominantly of γ-Al2O3, with small amounts of α-Al2O3 and a minor unknown phase. The lead adsorption efficiency was evaluated under optimized parameters, including pH, contact time, and doses of both adsorbate and adsorbent. The results demonstrated that the AlONPs achieved a 98% removal efficiency within 30 minutes of contact time at a pH of 5.5. Additionally, the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model (R² value of 0.9972) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (qe) value of 37.97 mg/g) were shown to fit the lead adsorption process better than other models. Hence, the synthesized AlONPs offer potential as nanoparticle adsorbents for removing lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-11-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/497 10.53623/tasp.v4i2.497 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 127‒142 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/497/259 Copyright (c) 2024 Md Aktaruzzaman, Sayed M.A. Salam, M.G. Mostafa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/505 2025-03-20T07:58:14Z tasp:ART

Water Quality Assessment using Selected Macroinvertebrate Based Indices and Water Quality Index of Sungai Air Hitam Selangor Abu Sama, Harisham Yuzir, Muhammad Ali Azman, Shamila A study was conducted from July to December 2022 at Sungai Air Hitam, a small tributary of the Selangor River located within the Tanjung Karang Sub-basin in Malaysia (coordinates: 3° 24' 27" N, 101° 25' 54" E to 3° 28' 14" N, 101° 26' 59" E). This confluence is situated near three major downstream water treatment plants. The study assessed six water quality parameters—pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia (NH3), and suspended solids (SS)—to calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI). Macroinvertebrates were sampled simultaneously using the dipping net method to obtain biotic indices for further evaluation of water quality. The results indicated that the WQI classified Sungai Air Hitam as Class III, with scores ranging from 56.9 to 64.6, suggesting the river is suitable for water supply and fisheries. However, the Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) index categorized the water quality as poor, with scores between 30 and 42. Similarly, the Average Score Per Taxon (ASPT) ranged from 3.25 to 5.25, indicating pollution or environmental impact, while the Family Biotic Index (FBI) further classified the river as having poor to very poor water quality, with scores between 6.57 and 8.11. Overall, the study suggests that Sungai Air Hitam has experienced some degree of ecological degradation. These findings emphasize the need for continuous monitoring and remediation efforts to preserve and restore water quality. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2024-12-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/505 10.53623/tasp.v4i2.505 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 143-156 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/505/268 Copyright (c) 2024 Harisham Abu Sama, Muhammad Ali Yuzir, Shamila Azman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/586 2025-08-29T01:56:16Z tasp:ART

Fabrication and Characterization of Modified PVDF Membrane Using TiO2 for Wastewater Containing Paracetamol Zainiyah, Isti Faizati Yuniarto, Adhi Fairuzi, Intania Ika Purwanti, Ipung Fitri Marsono, Bowo Djoko Modified membranes have gained significant attention due to their ability to enhance performance. Although membranes modified with TiO₂ nanoparticles have been studied, no research has specifically addressed their effectiveness in removing paracetamol contaminants, despite the widespread use of paracetamol and its potential contribution to increased waste production. Therefore, in this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were modified with TiO₂ nanoparticles, providing new insights into the use of PVDF-TiO₂ specifically for paracetamol wastewater treatment. The results showed that TiO₂ nanoparticle-modified membranes exhibited better performance than unmodified membranes. The unmodified membrane had a lower performance rate (69.18%) compared to membranes modified with titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) at concentrations of 1 M (93.35%) and 0.5 M (90.05%). These results were supported by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, which revealed that the unmodified membrane had an average pore size of 0.998 μm, whereas the membranes modified with TTIP at 1 M and 0.5 M had average pore sizes of 0.615 μm and 0.791 μm, respectively. The larger pores in the unmodified membrane allowed larger particles to pass through, reducing its filtration efficiency. These findings underscore the potential of TiO₂ nanoparticle-modified membranes for significantly enhancing water purification processes, particularly in the removal of pharmaceutical contaminants like paracetamol. Ultimately, this research could contribute to the development of more effective strategies for managing pharmaceutical waste in water sources, leading to improved environmental protection and public health. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-02-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/586 10.53623/tasp.v5i1.586 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 1-17 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/586/285 Copyright (c) 2025 Isti Faizati Zainiyah, Adhi Yuniarto, Intania Ika Fairuzi, Ipung Fitri Purwanti, Bowo Djoko Marsono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/624 2025-08-29T01:56:16Z tasp:Review

Challenges and Future Prospects of Using Biochar for Soil Remediation Primus, Audrey Marculescu, Alexandru Cao, Linh Thi Thuy Nadifah, Gina Twum-Ampofo, Daniel Jannat, Md Abu Hanifa Tongco, Jovale Vincent Pharmaceutical, biochar, remediation, soil contamination, pollution Biochar gained significant attention as an eco-friendly and effective solution for remediating contaminated soils, particularly those impacted by pharmaceutical persistent pollutants (PPPs). These pollutants, known for their resistance to natural degradation and tendency to accumulate in soil, posed serious risks to both human health and ecosystems. To address this issue, researchers proposed the use of biochar as a remediation technology to remove PPPs through adsorption. As an efficient sorbent, biochar demonstrated the ability to immobilize pharmaceuticals in contaminated soils, thereby reducing their bioavailability and mobility, and ultimately mitigating their environmental impact. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of PPPs contamination and the potential of biochar for remediation. It first summarized the occurrence of pharmaceutical pollutants in various countries and identified their primary sources. It then examined the environmental fate of these pollutants and outlined the key challenges associated with their management. The mechanisms by which biochar adsorbed pharmaceutical compounds were discussed in detail, followed by a case study that illustrated the effectiveness of this technology in practical applications. This review also evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of using biochar for remediation, along with the practical challenges encountered during its implementation. Future directions highlighted included developing methods for extracting toxic residues and enhancing the performance of biochar through chemical or structural modifications. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-05-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/624 10.53623/tasp.v5i1.624 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 18‒33 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/624/304 Copyright (c) 2025 Audrey Primus, Alexandru Marculescu, Linh Thi Thuy Cao, Gina Nadifah, Daniel Twum-Ampofo, Md Abu Hanifa Jannat, Jovale Vincent Tongco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/625 2025-08-29T01:56:16Z tasp:Review

The Role of Microorganisms in the Degradation of Pesticides: A Sustainable Approach to Soil Remediation Varghese, Diya Merlin Rubiyatno Lie, Michael Kristanti, Risky Ayu Ruti, Annisa Andarini Nadifah, Gina Hossain, Ferdaus Mohd Altaf Jannat, Md Abu Hanifa Chairattanawat, Chayanee Direstiyani, Lucky Caesar Pesticides; bioremediation; impacts; challenges The widespread use of pesticides in agriculture, aquaculture, and public health has led to severe environmental and public health concerns due to their overapplication and persistence in ecosystems. Pesticide residues accumulate in soil, degrade its fertility, pollute groundwater, and harm non-target organisms, including beneficial insects and aquatic life. This persistent contamination poses a significant threat to biodiversity, food safety, and ecosystem resilience. The aim of this review is to examine microbial bioremediation as a sustainable and effective strategy for remediating pesticide-contaminated soils. The paper evaluates the mechanisms by which microorganisms degrade or transform hazardous pesticide compounds into less toxic or non-toxic forms and assesses the advantages and limitations of bioremediation technologies. Notably, bioremediation is recognized for its environmental compatibility, cost-effectiveness, and potential to restore soil health without undermining agricultural productivity. Recent studies highlight promising microbial strains capable of degrading diverse classes of pesticides under varying environmental conditions. However, challenges remain, including the scalability of microbial technologies, the complexity of mixed-contaminant sites, and the influence of abiotic factors on microbial efficacy. Future research should focus on optimizing microbial consortia, integrating genetic and metabolic engineering approaches, and developing field-scale applications tailored to specific agroecosystems. Advancing these areas will be critical for establishing bioremediation as a central pillar in sustainable pesticide management and environmental restoration strategies. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-05-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/625 10.53623/tasp.v5i1.625 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 34-52 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/625/307 Copyright (c) 2025 Diya Merlin Varghese, Rubiyatno, Michael Lie, Risky Ayu Kristanti, Annisa Andarini Ruti, Gina Nadifah, Ferdaus Mohd Altaf Hossain, Md Abu Hanifa Jannat, Chayanee Chairattanawat, Lucky Caesar Direstiyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/671 2025-08-29T01:56:16Z tasp:Review

Biodegradation of Microplastics: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Future Prospects for Environmental Remediation Finayeva, Novlina Kristanti, Risky Ayu Rachana, Kong Batubara, Ummi Mardhiah Microplastics; Biodegradation; Microbes; Polymers; Environment, Enzymes; Treatment technology Microplastics are widespread environmental pollutants detected in aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric ecosystems. Their persistence, coupled with their potential to bioaccumulate and release toxic additives, raised serious concerns for both environmental and human health. This study aimed to assess microbial biodegradation as a viable strategy for reducing microplastic pollution. The research focused on the mechanisms through which microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi, degraded plastic polymers under various environmental conditions. Several microbial strains demonstrated the ability to degrade polymers such as polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride, albeit at varying efficiencies. Environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, oxygen availability, and nutrient concentration, were found to significantly influence the rate and extent of microbial degradation. Despite these promising findings, the overall degradation rates observed in natural environments remained low. Moreover, challenges related to microbial specificity, metabolic limitations, and the scalability of degradation processes hindered the practical application of microbial treatments on a large scale. The complexity of polymer structures and the additives used in plastic manufacturing further complicated microbial breakdown. To overcome these barriers, future research should prioritize genetic engineering of microbial strains and the optimization of bioprocesses to improve degradation efficiency. Such advancements could pave the way for sustainable and effective biotechnological solutions to mitigate microplastic pollution. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-06-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/671 10.53623/tasp.v5i1.671 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 53-70 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/671/322 Copyright (c) 2025 Novlina Finayeva, Risky Ayu Kristanti, Kong Rachana, Ummi Mardhiah Batubara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/683 2025-08-29T01:56:16Z tasp:Review

Microbial Bioremediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil: A Sustainable Approach Nordin, Ahmad Rizal Roslan Navarro, Ariela Rose Reyes, Juan Carlos Maragathavalli, S. Kristanti, Risky Ayu Wulandari, Retno Bunrith, Seng Bioremediation; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Bioaugmentation; Soil contamination; Microbial degradation Petroleum-contaminated soil is a significant environmental concern caused by oil spills, leakage from storage tanks, industrial discharges, and improper disposal of petroleum products during extraction, refining, and transportation processes. Globally, approximately 6 million tonnes of petroleum are released into the environment each year, leading to soil contamination that poses toxic risks to groundwater, ecosystems, plant life, and human health. The primary aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness and potential of microbial bioremediation for treating petroleum-contaminated soils, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional methods. Traditional remediation approaches such as soil excavation, washing, chemical oxidation, and incineration are often expensive and environmentally disruptive. In contrast, bioremediation using microbes is cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly. Several microbial strategies are discussed, including natural attenuation, bioaugmentation, and biostimulation. Natural attenuation relies on indigenous microbes, whereas bioaugmentation involves adding hydrocarbon-degrading microbes, and biostimulation enhances microbial activity by supplying nutrients. Among these, bioaugmentation and biostimulation are generally more effective than natural attenuation in degrading petroleum hydrocarbons. However, microbial bioremediation faces challenges such as long treatment durations, incomplete degradation with free microbes, and the need for site-specific optimal conditions. Future research should focus on enhancing microbial efficacy through genetic engineering or microbial consortia, developing faster, site-specific solutions, assessing long-term ecological impacts, and integrating bioremediation with other green technologies. Overall, microbial bioremediation presents a promising strategy for the sustainable management of petroleum-contaminated soils due to its low cost, minimal environmental impact, and adaptability. Key topics addressed include the environmental impact of petroleum pollution, conventional and biological remediation techniques, comparative effectiveness, and future development needs. The relevant keywords are: bioremediation, petroleum hydrocarbons, bioaugmentation, soil contamination, and microbial degradation. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-06-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/683 10.53623/tasp.v5i1.683 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 71–87 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/683/325 Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Rizal Roslan Nordin, Ariela Rose Navarro, Juan Carlos Reyes, S. Maragathavalli, Risky Ayu Kristanti, Retno Wulandari, Seng Bunrith https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/703 2025-08-29T01:56:16Z tasp:Review

Microplastics in Soil: Uncovering Their Hidden Chemical Implications Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel chemical leaching metals organic pollutants pollutant interactions soil nutrient soil organic matter This review synthesizes findings from over 100 recent studies to examine the multifaceted impacts of microplastics on soil health. Microplastics affect soil nutrient dynamics through mechanisms such as chemical leaching, nutrient adsorption, microbial shifts, and physical alterations in soil structure. Their influence varies by polymer type, particle morphology, concentration, and environmental conditions. While some microplastics may enhance nutrient retention, many contribute to nitrogen and phosphorus depletion, undermining soil fertility and agricultural productivity. Microplastics also modify soil pH in inconsistent ways, either increasing or decreasing it, thereby disrupting nutrient availability and microbial functions. The effects of microplastics on soil organic matter are equally complex. Biodegradable microplastics can stimulate microbial respiration and increase dissolved organic carbon, but they may also destabilize carbon pools, depending on the environmental context and soil conditions. Additionally, microplastics act as vectors or sinks for organic pollutants and heavy metals through diverse sorption–desorption mechanisms. Their interactions with contaminants such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and metals like lead, cadmium, and zinc are influenced by polymer type, surface aging, and coexisting soil constituents. Microplastics not only impair nutrient cycling but also alter microbial community composition, enzymatic activity, and pollutant degradation, raising concerns about the function of soil ecosystems and food safety. Future research should prioritize long-term, multi-factorial experiments under realistic environmental conditions. Key areas include disentangling the effects of conventional versus biodegradable microplastics, developing mechanistic models of pollutant interactions, and assessing the role of environmental parameters in mediating metal binding. Such efforts are vital for accurate risk assessments and informed mitigation strategies in terrestrial ecosystems. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-06-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/703 10.53623/tasp.v5i1.703 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 88-109 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/703/332 Copyright (c) 2025 Kuok Ho Daniel Tang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/775 2025-11-13T05:16:24Z tasp:ART

Land Degradation Detection in Urban Areas Using Spatial Modelling and Semi-Automatic Classification of Satellite Imagery Data Purnamasari, Riska Ayu Setiawan, Marwan Wardah, Wardah Urban land degradation poses a growing challenge in rapidly developing countries like Indonesia, where population growth and limited space drive uncontrolled land cover changes. This study aims to detect land degradation in urban areas through spatial modelling and semi-automatic classification of multi-temporal remote sensing imagery. Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) image from year 2011 and Landsat-9 Operational Land Imager collection 2 (OLI-2) image from year 2023 data were acquired from the The United States Geological Survey (USGS). Image pre-processing included band stacking, subsetting, and enhancement to improve visual interpretation. Semi-automatic supervised classification was applied to map seven land cover classes: agricultural dry land, rice field, forest, plantation, non-agricultural land, water body, and settlement. Training data and validation were supported by Google Earth Pro, official sources, and field surveys using random sampling. Change detection analysis revealed a 1664.65 ha increase in industrial areas, accompanied by significant reductions in rice fields (−1726.92 ha) and dry farmland (−1644.57 ha). The classification accuracy reached 80.24% and 75.11%, with kappa coefficients of 0.76 and 0.65, respectively. Results indicate that urban expansion is a key driver of land degradation, particularly through the loss of productive agricultural land. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of remote sensing-based spatial modelling and classification techniques for monitoring urban land degradation and informing sustainable land use planning. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-08-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/775 10.53623/tasp.v5i2.775 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 110-124 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/775/356 Copyright (c) 2025 Riska Ayu Purnamasari, Marwan Setiawan, Wardah Wardah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/807 2025-11-13T00:54:08Z tasp:Review

Microbial Strategies for the Degradation of Organophosphates: A Sustainable Approach to Pollution Control Santiago, Denny Noriel Mendoza, Rose Ann Thao, Nguyen Thi Thanh Kristanti, Risky Ayu organophosphates; microbial degradation; bioremediation; enzymes; environmental impact. Organophosphates (OPs) were synthetic chemical compounds that had been applied in household products as well as in agricultural and industrial sectors. Although OPs had proven effective, particularly as pesticide ingredients, their persistence in the environment had raised concerns regarding impacts on ecosystems, the environment, and human health. This study addressed the occurrences and negative impacts of OPs, with a primary focus on microbial degradation as a bioremediation strategy. While various degradation methods had been developed, microbial degradation showed strong potential as a sustainable and cost-effective approach. This review aimed to examine the mechanisms, benefits, and limitations of microbial degradation of OPs, thereby addressing the knowledge gap related to its real-world applications. Microbial degradation involved the use of bacteria capable of breaking down OPs through enzyme production, transforming them into less harmful substances. In comparison with chemical or physical methods, microbial degradation was more environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and adaptable to surrounding conditions. By synthesizing findings from previous studies, the report highlighted both the strengths and shortcomings of microbial degradation in mitigating OPs contamination. The findings underscored its promise as a viable solution, while also pointing to the need for further research and improved frameworks. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-10-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/807 10.53623/tasp.v5i2.807 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 140-154 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/807/378 Copyright (c) 2025 Denny Noriel Santiago, Rose Ann Mendoza, Nguyen Thi Thanh Thao, Risky Ayu Kristanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/814 2025-11-13T05:16:23Z tasp:ART

Microalgae for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Remediation: Future Trends Mohd Azmil, Nurlydia Yuzir, Ali Mohamad, Shaza Eva Abdullah, Norhayati El Sheekh, Mostafa bibliometric POME microalgae sustainability Microalgae-based remediation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) grew rapidly, yet evidence remained dispersed across methods and outcomes. This study undertook bibliometric mapping to organise research growth, thematic structure, and actionable pathways aligned with SDGs 6, 7, 12, and 14. A Scopus database of 124 articles (2008–2025) was analysed with VOSviewer to produce keyword co-occurrence and temporal overlays, complemented by impact indicators and close reading of highly cited studies. Output increased from a formative phase to a peak in 2021, with 3275 citations overall and influence that was concentrated yet broad (h = 35; g = 51; m = 1.944). The network resolved into a central focal point (POME, microalgae, effluent/wastewater), surrounded by two related fields: pollutant metrics (COD, nitrogen, phosphorus), which supported treatment claims, and valorisation (biomass, lipid, biofuel), which linked remediation to product streams. Temporal overlays showed a progression from feasibility and nutrient polishing to method-rich optimisation (kinetics, immobilisation) and, more recently, to cultivation realism, phycoremediation, and sustainability. These patterns indicated practical levers for mill-scale deployment, including on-site cultivation with boiler CO₂, microalgae–bacteria partnerships for robustness, and combined pond–photobioreactor systems that balanced cost and control. Together, these combinations delivered cleaner effluents (SDG 6), low-carbon energy vectors (SDG 7), circular nutrient and residue reuse (SDG 12), and reduced land-based marine pollution (SDG 14). Remaining priorities included harmonised reporting of removals and yields, techno-economic and life cycle assessments at mill cluster scale, resilient process control and safety for multi-stage systems, and biomass quality assurance to safeguard downstream uses. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-10-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/814 10.53623/tasp.v5i2.814 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 125-139 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/814/376 Copyright (c) 2025 Nurlydia Mohd Azmil, Ali Yuzir, Shaza Eva Mohamad, Norhayati Abdullah, Mostafa El Sheekh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/824 2025-11-13T05:16:21Z tasp:Review

Microbial Biodegradation of Sunscreen Agents: Mechanisms, Enzymatic Pathways, and Environmental Implications Nurtayeva, Aigerim Rakhmonov, Jasur Sarykova, Aizada Rachana, Kong Kristanti, Risky Ayu Microbes; degradation; sunscreen; enzymes; organic pollutants Environmental contamination from sunscreen ingredients such as oxybenzone and octinoxate has become an increasing concern due to their persistence and toxicity, even at trace concentrations. Continuous sunscreen usage leads to the constant release of these pollutants into the environment, where they can bioaccumulate and resist degradation. The novelty of this review lies in its focused synthesis of recent studies on the microbial and enzymatic degradation mechanisms of sunscreen contaminants, particularly oxybenzone and octinoxate, which exhibit high persistence and bioaccumulative potential. Microbial degradation offers a promising biological approach for the breakdown of these organic pollutants, as microorganisms have demonstrated strong biodegradative capabilities toward various environmental contaminants. This process relies on microbial enzymes that transform or mineralize pollutants into less toxic and simpler compounds. Key enzymes involved include laccase, cytochrome P450, and monooxygenase, which catalyze oxidation, reduction, and hydroxylation reactions. The article further examines these organic pollutants in terms of their persistence, environmental occurrence, degradation mechanisms, and pathways, while also addressing their ecological and health impacts. Moreover, different microbial-based treatment technologies are evaluated, highlighting their respective strengths and limitations. Finally, the review emphasizes the need for continued research into organic pollutant behavior and bioremediation technologies to deepen understanding and mitigate the adverse effects of these contaminants on the environment. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/824 10.53623/tasp.v5i2.824 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 167-184 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/824/391 Copyright (c) 2025 Aigerim Nurtayeva, Jasur Rakhmonov, Aizada Sarykova, Kong Rachana, Risky Ayu Kristanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/841 2025-11-13T05:16:21Z tasp:ART

Toxicological and Haematological Effects of Senna alata Extract on Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings Eteng, Arikpo Okoi Jehu, Auta Mohammed, Ndagi Abubakar Yusuf, Abdulateef Bello, Muhammad Onimisi Ikpi, Gabriel Ujong Clarias gariepinus Senna alata Acute toxicity Sub-lethal exposure Physicochemical parameters Haematology The study evaluated the acute and sub-lethal effects of ethanol extract of Senna alata stem bark on physicochemical parameters and haematological indices of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. A 96-hour acute toxicity bioassay established an LC₅₀ of 11.54 mg/l (95% CI: 10.92–12.16 mg/l) and an LC₉₉ of 23.30 mg/l (95% CI: 21.75–24.85 mg/l), with mortality increasing from 0% in the control to 85% at 12.6 mg/l. Sub-lethal concentrations (0.61, 0.71, and 0.81 mg/l, corresponding to 1/20th, 1/16th, and 1/14th of LC₅₀, respectively) were applied for eight weeks. Physicochemical parameters (pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen) were monitored before and after extract application. Electrical conductivity differed significantly at 0.61 mg/l (p = 0.0351), while other parameters remained statistically unchanged, although dissolved oxygen declined progressively with increasing concentration. Haematological analysis revealed no significant changes (p > 0.05) in haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, packed cell volume, platelet, red blood cell, and white blood cell counts, except for a significant alteration in mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (p = 0.0479). These findings demonstrate that S. alata exhibits moderate piscicidal toxicity under acute exposure and induces mild physiological stress under sub-lethal conditions, which could have long-term implications for fish health and aquaculture productivity. The use of S. alata as a piscicide should therefore be approached cautiously to prevent unintended ecological consequences. Future studies should evaluate histopathological and biochemical stress responses to establish environmental safety limits for S. alata in aquaculture systems. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2025-11-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/841 10.53623/tasp.v5i2.841 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 155-166 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/841/388 Copyright (c) 2025 Arikpo Okoi Eteng, Auta Jehu, Ndagi Abubakar Mohammed, Abdulateef Yusuf, Muhammad Onimisi Bello, Gabriel Ujong Ikpi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/1002 2026-03-14T05:22:56Z tasp:ART

Optimisation of Photocatalytic Degradation for Enhancing Bathroom Greywater Quality Using 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene/Zeolite Photocatalyst Arifin, Siti Nor Hidayah Gani, Paran Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira Al-Gheethi, Adel Lai, Chin Wei Yasni, G. Ang , Kean Hua Optimisation, Greywater quality, Bathroom greywater, Photocatalysis, TNTs/zeolite This experimental study investigated the solar photocatalytic degradation process for improving bathroom greywater quality using titanium dioxide nanotubes modified 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene with zeolite (TNTs/zeolite) and sought to optimize it. Organic pollutants, suspended solids, and personal care products remained in total household greywater at a proportion of 43–70% from bathroom sources. The optimization method applied was Central Composite Design (CCD) under Response Surface Methodology (RSM), in which three independent variables were considered: pH within a range of 3–10; catalyst loading expressed as the exposed surface area of 1 or 2 cm²; and irradiation time between thirty and one hundred eighty minutes under natural sunlight conditions with average irradiance values between six hundred twenty and seven hundred eighty watts per square meter. Twenty runs were carried out in triplicate. The responses tested were Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), turbidity, pH, and Dissolved Oxygen (DO). The optimum condition predicted by RSM had a pH of 6.25, an irradiation time of 180 minutes, and a catalyst loading of 1 × 1 cm². Experimental validation at this optimum condition confirmed the adequacy of the model, with removals greater than 50% for COD, BOD, TSS, and turbidity. ANOVA showed that the models were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) and highly predictively reliable (R² > 0.90 for most responses). The study demonstrated that TNTs/zeolite under natural sunlight represented a potential low-energy alternative for bathroom greywater treatment with practical possibilities for decentralized reuse applications. Tecno Scientifica Publishing 2026-03-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/1002 10.53623/tasp.v6i1.1002 Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 1-17 2798-3056 10.53623/tasp.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/tasp/article/view/1002/473 Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Nor Hidayah Arifin, Paran Gani, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Adel Al-Gheethi, Chin Wei Lai, G. Yasni, Kean Hua Ang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0