Sustainable Environmental Insight

Preliminary Investigation of Wastewater Phycoremediation and Biomass Productivity using Locally Isolated Green Microalgae from Ipoh, Malaysia

Pravin Muniandy — 2024-08-08

This study investigated the potential of microalgae, sourced from a pond in Gunung Lang, Ipoh, Malaysia, for the phycoremediation of domestic wastewater. Under laboratory conditions, identified and confirmed microalgae species were introduced to wastewater samples to assess their capacity for removing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals such as chromium and zinc. The study also examined the relationship between algae growth rates and nutrient absorption, alongside a detailed analysis of wastewater to determine the extent of pollutant reduction. Initial analyses revealed that the COD levels of the domestic wastewater stood at 158 mg/l, failing to meet the Effluent Standard requirements as per the Malaysia Environmental Quality (Industrial Effluents) Regulations 2009. nitrogen levels were measured at 11.16 mg/l, phosphorus at 5.56 mg/l, chromium at 1.53 mg/l, and zinc at 0.53 mg/l under the heavy metal category. The study demonstrates that phycoremediation significantly reduces pollutants and nutrients in wastewater samples. Remarkably, zinc removal achieved a 100% success rate, while the lowest pollutant removal was observed for COD at the 10⁴ cell concentration in 100% wastewater concentration samples. The outcomes highlighted the efficacy of using microalgae for wastewater treatment, showing considerable promise in reducing environmental pollutants.

Navigating the Transition: Biodiesel Development and Challenges in Malaysia's Energy Landscape

Jia Hui Chung — 2024-08-15

Overdependence on fossil fuels impacts the environment, economy, and society. The crude oil price increases when the supply of fossil fuels is insufficient, leading to economic recessions. The development of biodiesel has replaced fossil fuels in the transportation sector and is pending use in the industrial sector. It has brought various advantages to the economy, society, and environment. However, the development of biodiesel is still facing some challenges, such as labor shortages, the price of feedstock, environmental debates, and the adoption of biodiesel for the transportation sector. The introduction of the National Biofuel Policy and the Biofuel Industry Act 2007 has encouraged the use and development of biodiesel. Biodiesel technologies such as Envo Diesel, B5 biodiesel, B7 biodiesel, and B10 biodiesel were developed based on research done by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB).

A Comparative Study Based on Observation Approach on Orangutans and Proboscis Monkeys in Sabah

Zulayti Zakaria — 2024-09-29

This comprehensive and extensive study meticulously observes and thoroughly analyzes the complex and intricate behaviors, patterns, and nuanced interactions of the magnificent and captivating orangutans and proboscis monkeys in the breathtaking and biodiverse region of Sabah. By meticulously examining and meticulously scrutinizing their fascinating interactions within their own species as well as amongst other species, this groundbreaking and enlightening research unravels a treasure trove of valuable insights and profound revelations in the captivating field of primatology. Moreover, this awe-inspiring study delves into the multifaceted realm of their physiological adaptations, evolutionary traits, and explores the profound and far-reaching potential impacts of human activities on their undeniably precious and delicate habitats. The meticulously collected and meticulously analyzed findings of this remarkable study undoubtedly contribute immensely to the vast expanse of knowledge in the field, fostering and bolstering crucial conservation efforts and inspiring profound and transformative action for the unwavering and resolute protection of these magnificent creatures. Through the employment of an ethical and principled research approach, as well as fostering a spirit of collaboration among interdisciplinary teams, this groundbreaking study unconditionally ensures both the enduring well-being of these awe-inspiring animals and the indomitable preservation of their invaluable habitats.

Exploring the Cultural Tourism of Malaysia: A Comprehensive Review

Zulayti Zakaria — 2024-09-29

In line with the Malaysia Tourism Transformation Strategy in 2020, the government devoted enormous resources to nurture and cultivate the industry to achieve the Tourism of National Key Economic Area (NKEA). This initiative aims at re-invigorating tourism within Malaysia. The unparalleled essence of foreign tourists depends upon culture and the attributes the experience evokes. Generally, tourism choices are more influenced by the cultural part and values of undisguised cultural virtues, whether in the form of tangible or intangible distinctions. Cultural elements direct tourism guidebooks, postcards, pictures, television programs, commercials, posters, and itineraries, etc. Cultural tourism projects can be viewed as a medium to highlight group distinctions. They also serve as tools in teaching, growth, performing economic and tourism roles. The vision and attribute of heritage and culture will signify destinations in the future. The Malaysian Tourism Blueprint (2010-2020) considers cultural tourism as one of the key pivot areas of another NKEA. This article intends to delineate the existing literature pertinent to cultural tourism in Malaysia. The review of the literature attempts to provide an extensive record of the current conceptual insights within the area. Given the immense potential of the country as a culturally rich destination, there is still room for exploring experiences and insights to keep the zeal alive for cultural products of Malaysia. At the top of this, the policy frameworks are geared towards enhancing tourism. As a culturally rich country, Malaysia needs to attract tourist interests to explore and visit Malaysia's roots, its people, and the diverse community that makes Malaysia unique. The findings of this literature review are instrumental in setting the future studies agenda in order to address the existing dearth of the knowledge base.

The Impact of River Landform Changes Caused by Geohazards on the Economic Development of Ecotourism in Sabah, Malaysia

Zulayti Zakaria — 2024-09-29

The impact of river landform changes caused by geohazards on the economic development of ecotourism in Sabah, Malaysia is a highly significant and crucial topic that necessitates extensive analysis, comprehension, and thorough understanding in order to comprehend the multifaceted consequences and ramifications. It is imperative to explore and scrutinize the intricate interplay between the alterations in river landforms induced by geohazards, such as natural disasters and environmental upheavals, and their profound influence on the economic growth and prosperity of the burgeoning ecotourism sector in Sabah, Malaysia. This comprehensive investigation holds immense value in unraveling the intricate dynamics and intricacies inherent in this intricate and complex relationship. By delving deep into the intricate mechanisms and multifarious aspects that underlie the interdependence of geohazards-induced river landform transformations and the economic development of ecotourism in Sabah, Malaysia, researchers and stakeholders alike can gain invaluable insights that can pave the way towards well-informed decision-making, sustainable growth, and effective management strategies. Consequently, the expansion of knowledge and understanding in this pivotal domain can potentially lead to the formulation and implementation of robust measures, policies, and initiatives that can mitigate the adverse effects of geohazards on river landforms, foster the resilience and adaptability of the ecotourism industry, and ultimately cultivate a harmonious balance between economic progress and environmental conservation in Sabah, Malaysia.