Industrial and Domestic Waste Management

Application of Lean Analysis Value Stream Mapping to Minimize Waste: ACase Study of CV Jeans Gallery, Indonesia

Ruchbandi Rahmat T. Yasin, Stella Junus, Rudolf Simatupang — Sat, 19 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

CV Jeans Gallery is a convection company that faced significant challenges related to waste in its production process, including high waiting times, workload imbalances, and inefficiencies in production flow. The primary aim of this study was to identify and reduce waste through the application of the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) method. VSM was employed to map the production process, identify non-value-added activities, and uncover opportunities for improvement to enhance overall efficiency. Data was collected through direct observation, interviews with employees, and recording the time taken for various production processes. The analysis revealed that several types of waste occurred across the production stages. This included inventory waste, characterized by excessive raw material stock, and waiting waste, particularly during the design of embroidery patterns, where delays were frequently observed. Additionally, defects were identified as another significant form of waste, occurring when products could not be used by customers due to quality issues.

Innovative Multimedia Filtration for Effective Microplastic Removal in Mangrove Ecosystems: A Sustainable Approach to Environmental Health

Yoso Wiyarno, Sri Widyastuti, Muhammad Al Kholif, Wawan Gunawan — Mon, 17 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Microplastic contamination posed a significant threat to mangrove ecosystems, impacting biodiversity and water quality. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a multimedia filtration system using silica sand, zeolite, activated carbon, blood clam shells, and gravel in reducing microplastic levels in mangrove waters. Water samples were collected from the Wonorejo Mangrove Ecotourism in Surabaya, Indonesia, and were treated using two filtration reactors: Reactor 1 with sand media and Reactor 2 with clamshell media. The downward-flow filtration system demonstrated promising results, with Reactor 1 achieving a 54-60% microplastic removal efficiency and Reactor 2 showing superior performance with a 61-65% efficiency. Fiber-type microplastics were most effectively removed, with Reactor 2 achieving a 67% reduction. The findings highlighted the potential of clamshell media in enhancing filtration efficiency and promoting environmental sustainability. While the system offered a viable solution for mitigating microplastic pollution in aquatic environments, challenges such as scalability, cost-effectiveness, and long-term maintenance required further research. Future studies should focus on optimizing filtration media and assessing real-world applicability for broader environmental conservation efforts.

The Relationship between Households Average Formal Education Levels and Sanitation Practices in Mojo, Surabaya, Indonesia

Fri, 07 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study explored the relationship between households’ average formal education levels and sanitation practices. Although formal education was intended to prepare individuals for personal and professional life situations, local habits and cultural practices could sometimes be more influential than educational background, as evidenced by urinary habits practiced in the country. These habits played a crucial role in determining whether urine was disposed of in the toilet, processed in a septic tank, or directly entered the drainage system when spilled on the bathroom floor. In this study, the definition of sanitation differed from that previously outlined by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs defined sanitation based on the percentage of households that used safely managed services, including handwashing facilities. This study, however, focused on excreta disposal, desludging intervals, septic tank types, and urinary habits, such as whether urine was disposed of on the bathroom floor or in the toilet. These factors were chosen for their ability to accurately reflect the actual conditions observed in the study area. A survey was conducted among 100 households, and data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results revealed no relationship between households’ average formal education levels and sanitation practices. This analysis suggested that other factors, such as cultural beliefs and environmental habits, may have influenced sanitation practices.

Plastic Waste Detection Using Deep Learning: Insights from the WaDaBa Dataset

Suman Kunwar, Banji Raphael Owabumoye, Abayomi Simeon Alade — Sun, 02 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

With the increasing use of plastic, the challenges associated with managing plastic waste have become more difficult, emphasizing the need for effective classification and recycling solutions. This study explored the potential of deep learning, focusing on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and object detection models like YOLO to tackle this issue using the WaDaBa dataset. The results indicated that YOLO-11m achieved the highest accuracy (98.03%) and mAP50 (0.990), while YOLO-11n performed similarly but achieved the highest mAP50 (0.992). Lightweight models like YOLO-10n trained faster but had lower accuracy, whereas MobileNetV2 demonstrated impressive performance (97.12% accuracy) but fell short in object detection. YOLO-11n had the fastest inference time (0.2720s), making it ideal for real-time detection, while YOLO-10m was the slowest (5.9416s). Among CNNs, ResNet50 had the best inference time (1.3260s), whereas MobileNetV2 was the slowest (1.4991s). These findings suggested that by balancing accuracy and computational efficiency, these models could contribute to scalable waste management solutions. The study recommended increasing the dataset size for better generalization, enhancing augmentation techniques, and developing real-time solutions.