2026-04-29T06:43:32Z https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/oai

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/28 2022-02-23T12:20:26Z csue:ART

Investigating the Use of Active Transportation Modes Among University Employees Through an Advanced Decision Tree Algorithm Aghaabbasi, Mahdi Zaly Shah, Muhammad Zainol, Rosilawati active transportation; mode choice; university employees; trip purposes; C5 Now more than ever, the health and economic benefits of active transportation (AT) are evident and several planning efforts and programs are particularly targeted at improving active transportation options for different populations, such as students and seniors. Administrative employees at universities received less attention in the literature than other population groups.This population spends a lot of time doing sedentary activities and behaviors during their working time. Thus, the present study used a C5 decision tree to examine the usage of university employees’ AT modes when they are out of campus to get to work, shopping, and leisure. The effects of the sociodemographic and living environment of employees on their AT mode choice were also examined. According to the results, walking was the most frequently used mode to get to work and leisure and public transport was the most frequently used mode to get to shopping. Transit station conditions (25), sidewalk availability and coverage (36), and bike path availability and coverage (30) were the most important factors in the use of AT modes by employees to get to work, shop, and leisure, respectively. Furthermore, several decision rules were extracted from the C5 tree, which included combinations of multiple factors. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2021-11-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/28 10.53623/csue.v1i1.28 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 26-49 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/28/39 Copyright (c) 2021 Mahdi Aghaabbasi, Muhammad Zaly Shah, Rosilawati Zainol https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/31 2022-02-23T12:20:26Z csue:REV

A Review on Compressive Strength of Concrete Containing Waste Cathode Ray Tube Glass as Aggregates Mohd Pauzi, Nurul Noraziemah Cathode ray tube; Waste glass; Lead; Concrete; Strength The issue of the cathode ray tube (CRT) technology facing its end-of-time and increasing quantities across the globe has acquired the responsiveness of many researchers. The use of waste CRT glass as a construction material has fascinated them due to its significant advantage in recycling the hazardous and non-biodegradable waste CRT glass. However, lack of knowledge about the effects and features of CRT glass as a construction material could be a hindrance to the excessive utilization of waste CRT glass. Therefore, in order to establish the idea of using CRT waste glass as a more common construction material, this paper reviews several recycling techniques of CRT glass and further detail on the workability, density, and compressive strength properties of concrete and mortar using CRT glass (treated or untreated) as fine aggregates. The review showed that, generally, the use of CRT glass as a complete or partial replacement of natural sand shows a slight increase in density, workability, and concrete strength compared to conventional concrete. However, there are no clear trends that can be concluded as this review also showed that various factors influenced its performance, such as percentage replacement, particle size, lead (Pb) content, and types of admixtures. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2021-11-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/31 10.53623/csue.v1i1.31 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 1-14 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/31/37 Copyright (c) 2021 Nurul Noraziemah Mohd Pauzi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/33 2022-02-23T12:20:26Z csue:REV

Overview of Environmental Management Practice for Construction in Malaysia Chang, Teng Wen Kumar, Dilip Construction; environmental management; environmental impact; solid waste The surrounding environment plays an important role in communities as living in a good environment can improve the health cycle, increase the quality of life and provide sustainable development for the country. The rapid growth of the human population has led to the increasing demand for infrastructure development and the construction sector in Malaysia. This overview of environmental management practice for construction in Malaysia has reviewed the overall structure of environmental management for the construction site in Malaysia. Construction management is covered in this review report, including construction waste generation, construction waste management, government bodies, government policy, the current status of the environment in Malaysia, challenges, future prospects, and other environmental considerations of environmental management practice for construction in Malaysia. Besides, the detailed guideline and orders for construction waste, effluence discharge, noise pollution, vibration and emission release from construction in Malaysia have been reviewed and stated in this report. Lastly, a recommendation for strengthening the enforcement of law and regulation for environmental management practice to comply has been included in the conclusion of this report to overcome the challenges faced for sustainable construction development in Malaysia. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2021-11-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/33 10.53623/csue.v1i1.33 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 15-25 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/33/38 Copyright (c) 2021 Teng Wen Chang, Dilip Kumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/38 2022-02-23T12:20:26Z csue:ART

Analysis of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Liquied Tanks by Using Yield Line Theory Zandi, Yousef Keivani, Afram Liquid tanks; reinforecd concrete; reinforced slads; yield line In the analysis of rectangular reinforced liquid storage tanks, a method assuming linear-elastic behavior for material can be used, i.e., the strip method, the moment coefficient method, the finite element method, etc. In the analysis of these types of tanks, tank walls can be considered as slabs. In this study, tank walls were analyzed as slabs subjected to hydrostatic loading; in the analysis, the yield line theory is used because it is more suitable for the linear inelastic behavior of reinforced concrete slabs than the ones based on the linear elastic theory. An iterative algorithm based on yield line theory is presented for the design of isotropically reinforced rectangular concrete slabs supported along all four edges. A computer program is coded which predicts the location of yield lines for the slabs depending upon certain parameters. As a result of this prediction, the manual design of such slabs can be significantly simplified by the use of the coefficient obtained by using the program. It was shown that the analytical computation of the ultimate moment per unit length requires the solution of a highly nonlinear system of equations. This difficulty was overcome by utilizing an iterative technique within the computer program. It also gives the value of the ultimate moment per unit length of the yield line. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2021-11-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/38 10.53623/csue.v1i1.38 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021; 50-59 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/38/41 Copyright (c) 2021 Afram Keivani, Yousef Zandi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/39 2022-02-23T12:20:26Z csue:ART

Reinforcement of Steel Beam-to-double Column Moment Connection Using Side Plates Zandi , Yousef Keivani, Afram Steel structure; fixed connection; side plate; composite column; double column; earthquake resistance structure One of the disadvantages of conventional steel structures in Iran is the common I-shaped beam to the double-column fixed connection that does not perform well against seismic loads. This article uses the side plate to modify and optimize the connection. Using this new geometry, the beam-to-column direct connection is eliminated, and there is no longer any concern about the brittle fracture of the penetration weld of the beam-to-column connection and the weakness of the panel zone that occurs in the common fixed connections. In addition, by eliminating the direct transfer of beam flange force to the double-column connection plate, the problem of deformation, complexity, or buckling of the cover plate of the column is spontaneously removed. In this paper, in order to investigate the nonlinear behavior of beam-to-double column connection systems, a number of three-dimensional finite element models under the effect of cyclic loading have been analyzed. The results show that the beam-to-double column connection using the side plates has good strength and ductility and can be used in special moment frames for seismic areas. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2021-11-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/39 10.53623/csue.v1i1.39 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 1 - Issue 1 - 2021 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v1i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/39/42 Copyright (c) 2021 Yousef Zandi , Afram Keivani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/57 2022-06-20T00:29:57Z csue:ART

Pedestrian Infrastructure Quality of Service In Urban Neighborhood: A Case Study in Wangsa Maju, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A Case Study in Wangsa Maju, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Bakhtiar, Ida Shaheera Mokhtar, Safizahanin Hussein, Muhammad Zaly Shah The effectiveness of security and accessibility to all facilities supplied in the neighborhood area was evaluated using the Pedestrian Infrastructure Quality of Service methodology. The method is known as a "mix of land uses to test pedestrian connectivity," and it encompasses land use and connectivity within a 400-meter walking radius, as indicated on the map. According to the findings, 28% of pedestrians in the age range of 25–34 years old were eager to walk in a neighborhood with good pedestrian infrastructure and a safe environment for walking. The elderly were less willing to walk because of the lack of pedestrian infrastructure, which prevented people from using walking as a mode of transportation. Professionals, who accounted for 45.6 % of all responses, favored increased provision for pedestrians in the neighborhood area to encourage more people to walk instead of driving private vehicles. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-02-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/57 10.53623/csue.v2i1.57 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 1-11 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/57/53 Copyright (c) 2022 Ida Shaheera Bakhtiar, Safizahanin Mokhtar, Muhammad Zaly Shah Hussein https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/74 2022-06-20T00:29:57Z csue:REV

A Review on the Treatment of Petroleum Sludge and Use as Construction Materials Mohd Pauzi, Nurul Noraziemah Ahmad Shah, Mohamad Shazwan Petrochemical is a vital pillar industry for the national economic growth wherein the past few years, it has produced a huge amount of petroleum sludge. Petroleum sludge (PS) contains toxic and carcinogenic-mutagenic compounds and heavy metals, which are a major source of pollution in the environment. Thus, it needs to be properly treated and disposed of. Correspondingly, this paper presents a review of the techniques to treat petroleum waste to effectively immobilize the heavy metals and highlights their possible application as construction materials. This review concludes that each treatment method (i.e., solidification, stabilization, incineration, bioremediation, centrifugation, etc.) has its own merits and demerits and may be more suitable for certain applications than others. The use of pyrolysis, solidification, and stabilization techniques has been demonstrated to be potentially beneficial in protecting the environment from contaminants in PS and further recycling PS as cementitious materials. However, the selection of suitable treatment methods has to be made based on the chemical composition of the waste, method capacity, costs, and disposal standards. Therefore, an overall evaluation is required prior to treatment method selection to ensure the safe disposal or recycling of petroleum waste. This review could improve basic knowledge of PS treatment and disposal techniques and serve as a future guide for recycling PS as a building material. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-05-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/74 10.53623/csue.v2i1.74 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 12-20 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/74/66 Copyright (c) 2022 Nurul Noraziemah Mohd Pauzi, Mohamad Shazwan Ahmad Shah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/83 2022-06-20T00:29:57Z csue:ART

Identifying the Critical Barriers Factors to the Implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the Sarawak's Construction Industry Myint Naing, Toe Nobahar Sadeghifam, Aidin Selowara Joo, Meheron BIM Barriers Implementation Sarawak Construction Phase Building Information Modelling (BIM) is one of the most advanced developments in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry that can generate a 3D virtual information model which can be used for planning, design, construction, and operations. As Building Information Modelling (BIM) approaches the construction industry as a new technology and process, changes in the industry have created some barriers to BIM adoption in Malaysia. This research aims to enhance the implementation of BIM in the construction stage of Sarawak's construction industry by identifying and classifying the critical barriers. This study fills this current knowledge gap and enhances the understanding of BIM in the construction stage and the factors that hinder implementation in Sarawak. To develop the challenges being faced in this industry, a set of barrier clusters based on people, process, policy, technology, and cost were pre-identified through a literature review, and a structured interview involving three BIM experts was conducted on WebEx to refine these barriers with the current industry situation. As an outcome, this study identified 49 of the barriers from the literature and refined them into 26 of the barriers under their main clusters. Interestingly, they all validated the fact that lack of government involvement in BIM implementation is an undeniable barrier factor to growing BIM utilization and reaching its full potential. This study will form the basis of further research, and additional studies focusing on prioritizing these identified barriers for strategic planning would help the construction players in their swift transformation to BIM. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-05-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/83 10.53623/csue.v2i1.83 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 21-32 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/83/67 Copyright (c) 2022 Toe Myint Naing, Aidin Nobahar Sadeghifam, Meheron Selowara Joo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/85 2022-06-20T00:29:57Z csue:ART

Interactions Among the Main Characteristics of Open Building Systems Hosseini, Mostafa Ibrahim, Izni Syahrizal Rahnama, Hamed Kiani, Iman Ghasemi, Maryam Constant need-for-change in the construction market and social trends has resulted in the demand for more adaptable building systems. The ability to practise and accommodate change has consequently become a new necessity for buildings. Adaptability, therefore, is to be considered in both the pre-construction stage and the entire life cycle of the construction. The further civilization develops, the more we need to take advantage of the Open Building Systems (OBS) concept, introduced to the construction industry almost 70 years ago. However, conventional methods are still common due to the lack of knowledge in OBS, resistance to change, monopoly of conventional building materials manufacturing, insufficient legislation, and lack of end-user’s awareness. The ability to practise and accommodate changes has consequently become a new necessity for building construction. This research aims to address the interactions among the influential factors of OBS. The initial move was to identify and verify the significant open building influential factors in a conceptual model based on previous relevant literature. Then the second step was to find the interactions between the variables through the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique. The results indicate that one of the most significant and main factors is the "Level of Independence", and the main cause factor identified was "Standardization (St)", which had a major role in the success of construction OBS performance. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-05-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/85 10.53623/csue.v2i1.85 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 33-43 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/85/70 Copyright (c) 2022 Mostafa Hosseini, Izni Syahrizal Ibrahim, Hamed Rahnama, Iman Kiani, Maryam Ghasemi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/86 2022-06-20T00:29:57Z csue:ART

The Barrier Factors to the Implementation of Building Information Modelling for Construction Industry in Sarawak Chan, Jiong Ru Sadeghifam, Aidin Nobahar Joo, Meheron Selowara Building Information Modelling (BIM) Construction Lifecycle Process offers digital construction solutions throughout the whole project lifecycle by providing sustainable productivity and quality and increasing the work collaboration and efficiency of the design teams. BIM represents the development and application of computer-generated n-dimensional (n-D) models to simulate building construction planning, design, construction, and operation. In Sarawak, the BIM technology does not meet the construction stakeholder's expectations during the project lifecycles in different stages, which resulted in low BIM implementation. Therefore, this research study aims to identify the salient barrier factors to the implementation of BIM in the Sarawak construction industry, specifically in the design stage. To achieve the research study, the methodology is applied through literature review, followed by an online interview with BIM experts in Sarawak Construction Industry. Lastly, the findings of this study indicate the most salient factors faced by the Sarawak construction industry until the present, in terms of Technology, Cost, Management, Personal and Policy, such as (1) Lack of active participation from consultants in the project team, (2) Low enforcement from client, (3) Lack of senior management support, (4) Lack of desire to change of the older generation to implement BIM and (5) Lack of the knowledge regarding the cost benefits for implementing BIM. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-06-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/86 10.53623/csue.v2i1.86 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 1 - 2022; 44-55 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/86/77 Copyright (c) 2022 Jiong Ru Chan, Aidin Nobahar Sadeghifam, Meheron Selowara Joo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/113 2022-12-12T05:46:19Z csue:REV

Engineered Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment System Rayhan, Tara Hafiz Yap, Chi Nam Yulisa, Arma Rubiyatno Popescu, Irina Alvarez, Jose Arturo Kristanti, Risky Ayu Heavy metal; pesticides; nanocomposites; environmental remediation; waste removal; advanced remediation processes Industrial and commercial use of engineered nanoparticles is rising. Less care is given to the negative effects on the environment and wastewater treatment systems, which could release hazardous pathogens and microorganisms and threaten human health. Due to their size and features, artificial nanoparticles can easily enter wastewater systems and impair treatment. This paper aimed to focus on nanoparticle detection limitations and their effects on wastewater treatment technologies. Nanoparticles have the potential to be utilised in the treatment of waste water. By virtue of its exceptionally high surface area, it can effectively remove poisonous metal ions, microorganisms that cause disease, as well as organic and inorganic solutes from water. Various groups of nanomaterials, such as metal-containing nanoparticles, carbonaceous nanomaterials, zeolites, and dendrimers, have been demonstrated to be effective for water purification. Composites are two or more materials assembled synthetically. Nanocomposites are vital for environmental rehabilitation because pollution is one of the world's biggest concerns and polluted water management. Population growth has increased the need for clean water. This includes ceramics, metal-based polymers, carbon, and iron-based graphene. Nanocomposites such as carboxyl methyl may adsorb a heavy metal ion and pesticide at a satisfactory rate. This study found that nanocomposites are good for restoring the environment and can be used in countries with low incomes. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-10-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/113 10.53623/csue.v2i2.113 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 56-66 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/113/91 Copyright (c) 2022 Tara Hafiz Rayhan, Chi Nam Yap, Arma Yulisa, Rubiyatno, Irina Popescu, Jose Arturo Alvarez, Risky Ayu Kristanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/116 2022-12-12T05:46:19Z csue:REV

Utilization of Green Material for Concrete in Construction Choong, Wei Sheng Chiu, Jian Chong Lopez-Martinez, Flavio Alaklabi, Abdullah Oliveira, Mariana Claudia Puspitasari, Surya Dewi Adebayo, Julius Green materials; green concrete; salm oil fibre; sustainable building In this modern technological era today, green materials are highly regarded as one of the most important elements when designing and conducting an environmentally sustainable construction project. The cement that is utilized in conventional concrete today is one of the culprits for the high levels of carbon dioxide generated, which is damaging to the environment. Many researchers have shown and suggested that cement substitution is a favorite technique for minimizing the generation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as substituting unused raw materials with concrete. The concept of green concrete promotes sustainable development as it utilizes the least natural resources during production and mainly depends on recyclable waste materials as its main raw material. This paper displays the various designs of green concrete in developed countries by partially replacing cement with recyclable materials such as fly ash, demolished waste from construction sites, electronic waste, carpet fiber waste, palm oil fuel ash, and others. Green concrete endorses the innovative and sustainable use of waste aggregate and unconventional alternative materials to substitute cement within concrete. It is crucial to adopt the use of green concrete, especially in developed countries, as they have the capacity and financial strength to ensure adequate training, public awareness, further research and demonstration projects, as well as suitable standards to be applied to endorse the global application of green concrete in infrastructure projects. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-10-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/116 10.53623/csue.v2i2.116 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 82-95 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/116/95 Copyright (c) 2022 Wei Sheng Choong, Jian Chong Chiu, Flavio Lopez-Martinez, Abdullah Alaklabi, Mariana Claudia Oliveira, Surya Dewi Puspitasari, Julius Adebayo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/118 2022-12-12T05:46:19Z csue:ART

Internal Stakeholders’ Contribution to Building Collapse in Lagos State, Nigeria: A Perceptual Survey Adenuga , Olumide Afolarin Osuizugbo, Innocent Chigozie Imoesi, Ikhelo Benedict Building failure Construction stakeholders Nigerian construction industry Perceptual survey Remedies Building collapse is a universal problem that has resulted in disruption, loss of lives and capital costs, as well as negatively affecting the image of the construction industry and its practitioners. The current study seeks to achieve the following objectives: (i) to assess the contributing factors of internal stakeholders to building collapse due to challenges faced in Lagos state, Nigeria; (ii) to determine the remedies to challenges faced by internal stakeholders towards reducing the spate of building collapses in the study area. The study adopted a survey research method. Questionnaires were administered to purposively selected internal stakeholders in the Nigerian construction industry within Lagos state. 127 questionnaires were administered to survey participants. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed a lack of consideration of life cycle costing of utilities, lighting and lifts; lack of proper integration and coordination of design elements; failure to consider the buildability and maintenance requirements during the design; absence of proper supervision and site inspections for quality checks; and failure to inspect materials storage on site, with their mean scores of 4.18, 4.11, 4.10, 4.10, and 4.10, respectively, as the top five contributing factors of internal stakeholders to building collapse in Lagos state. The study provided in-depth insight into the contributing factors of internal stakeholders to building collapse that can help construction professionals and stakeholders facilitate the development of strategies required to minimize the contributing factors of internal stakeholders to building collapse in the construction sector. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-10-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/118 10.53623/csue.v2i2.118 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 67-81 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/118/94 Copyright (c) 2022 Innocent Osuizugbo, Olumide Afolarin Adenuga , Ikhelo Benedict Imoesi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/139 2023-11-28T12:05:50Z csue:ART

Assessment of Maintenance Management Practice in Government-owned Tertiary Institution Osuya, Lucky Azubike Adenuga, Olumide Afolarin Oshodi, Olalekan Shamsideen Maintenance management Facilities Questionnaire survey Universities Nigeria The state of utilities and infrastructure within an academic institution plays a vital role in learning and the development of human capital. Hence, this study seeks to examine the management practices used in maintaining facilities in a government-owned tertiary institution and then examine the conditions of critical facilities and their related services in the institution. To achieve the study's goal, a questionnaire survey approach was used to collect information about users' and property managers' perceptions of maintenance management practices. The results revealed the existence of a maintenance policy covering critical systems and services. The discovery also implies that maintenance tasks are generated and planned in response to inspections and user requests. Respondents' perceptions of the state of facilities and utilities indicate that they are in good condition. While literature shows school infrastructure issues remain an ongoing concern, the majority of respondents affirm security and electricity as the most important critical infrastructure and services in the institution, amongst others. The most important limitation of the current study lies in the fact that the findings may not be generalizable to other tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Hence, more research needs to be done in order to gather more information about maintenance management practices in public universities and other educational institutions to improve critical facilities and services to enhance learning outcomes. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-01-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/139 10.53623/csue.v3i1.139 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 1-15 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/139/112 Copyright (c) 2023 Lucky Azubike Osuya, Olumide Afolarin Adenuga, Olalekan Shamsideen Oshodi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/140 2022-12-12T05:46:19Z csue:ART

Rejuvenating the Market for Earth-Based Building Construction Materials in a Developing Economy Nwaki, William Eze, Emmanuel Earth-based green/sustainable building materials Laterite Buildings construction Construction material Nigeria Earth-based materials are useful in building and engineering construction projects globally, but they have largely remained unextracted and wasted, and their use has been limited to rural areas and avoided in modern buildings in the cities. The sustainability market in developing countries is still largely unsaturated and undertapped. This situation is blamed on lack of knowledge of the potential, benefits, and characteristics of green and sustainable building materials. This study aimed at determining the benefits of earth-based materials that could lead to the rejuvenation of the market for their adoption in building construction projects in the urban areas of a developing economy. The study adopted a structured questionnaire administered via electronic means to construction experts using the snowball sampling technique in Nigeria. With a response rate of 62.94% and a reliability index of over 0.90, the gathered data were analysed using frequency, percentage, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The study revealed that the main clusters of benefits of earth-based materials that can stimulate the market for these materials in urban areas are "cost and pollution-related benefits," "emissions and environmental benefits," "waste and workability benefits," "sound and fire-related benefits," and "thermal insulation and resource efficiency." The study recommended that housing investors, clients, and stakeholders should capitalise on the availability of large quantities of earthen materials to improve the quantity of housing provisions in cities and urban areas. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-12-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/140 10.53623/csue.v2i2.140 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 110-127 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/140/103 Copyright (c) 2022 William Nwaki, Emmanuel Eze https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/141 2022-12-12T05:46:19Z csue:REV

Valorization of Plastic Waste through Incorporation into Construction Materials Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel plastics recycle additives construction building valorization The growing plastic pollution has prompted the quest to reduce plastic waste sustainably and control the mismanaged plastic stream. The valorization of plastic waste through reusing and recycling has received much attention as a sustainable solution to the global plastic problem, and the construction sector provides an important avenue for such an endeavor. This review aims to present the latest advances in the valorization of plastic waste as construction and building materials through the review of 60 relevant scholarly papers and a content analysis of the papers. In the construction sector, plastic waste can be valorized as additives or raw materials for brick production. As additives, plastic waste is added at different proportions (1%–70%) with other materials, including non-plastic waste, followed by curing to acquire the desired properties. Plastic waste is used as a raw material to contain strength-imparting materials. The former has been reported to have good strengths (5.15-55.91 MPa), chemical, and thermal resistance, whereas the latter may impart lower strengths (0.67-15.25 MPa). Plastic waste is also used as additives for road pavement, primarily as substitutes for concrete-making materials, and was observed to produce desirable strengths (0.95–35 MPa) at appropriate proportions (0.5–25%), indicating the importance of optimizing the plastic contents in the concrete. Plastic waste has been recycled as plastic lumber, plastic-based door panels and gates, as well as insulation materials. Plastic-based construction materials are generally lightweight, resistant to chemicals and heat, and have good sound insulation, but they may pose a fire safety concern. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2022-12-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/141 10.53623/csue.v2i2.141 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 2 - Issue 2 - 2022; 96-109 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v2i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/141/102 Copyright (c) 2022 Kuok Ho Daniel Tang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/171 2023-11-28T12:05:50Z csue:ART

Durability Performance of Geopolymer Concrete of Various Strength Meechang, Clarence Meripa Muthuramalingam, Jayakumar Tam, Nicholas Durability performance, fly ash, various strength, geopolymer concrete, ordinary portland cement Geopolymers, primarily composed of fly ash, have proved an excellent substitute for ordinary portland cement (OPC) in terms of sustainability and productivity. In order to determine the geopolymer concrete's (GPC) resistance to chemical assaults and water permeability, it is necessary to obtain geopolymer concrete (GPC) of varying strengths after normal curing. The objectives of the research was to test the durability performances of the GPC of various strength under normal curing and investigating the optimum strength based on durability testing of the GPC. For this research, different type of cement-to-fly ash ratio was used for various strength data. The appropriate mixture was conducted by using the trial mix method in order to obtain better accuracy of the results data during the mixing design process. To satisfy the varied strength designs, a small proportion of OPC is added to the GPC mixture as part of the mix design. After 28 days of curing, this durability testing is undertaken after the concrete has reached its maximum strength. The compressive strength test and weights were performed and compared to the GPC mix design at 60 °C after heat curing. The 8% OPC replacement has greater resistance to sulfate attack, saltwater exposure, and water permeability compared to the 6% and 7% OPC alternatives. Consequently, the experiment reveals that the GPC's durability and strength increase as the percentage of OPC increases. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/171 10.53623/csue.v3i1.171 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 16-24 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/171/114 Copyright (c) 2023 Clarence Meripa Meechang, Jayakumar Muthuramalingam, Nicholas Tam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/180 2023-11-28T12:05:50Z csue:ART

Structural Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beam with Embedded Polystyrene Spheres Ling, Jen Hua Lau, Ji Wei Lim, Yong Tat Reinforced concrete beam polystyrene spheres flexural behaviour four-point load test concrete replacement The beam is a structural element in a reinforced concrete structure. However, its weight places additional strain on the columns and foundations.Polystyrene spheres can be used to replace concrete in a beam to reduce its weight. However, this can affect the beam’s structural performance. This study investigated the behavior of beams with embedded polystyrene spheres under loads. The purpose was to determine the feasibility of this technique. Six beam specimens, including a control specimen, were tested under the four-point load setup. The polystyrene spheres’ diameter ranged from 50 mm to 75 mm. The spacing between the spheres varied from 10 mm to 30 mm. By replacing 8.7% of the concrete, the beam's strength increased by 8% per unit of concrete. The polystyrene spheres marginally altered the load capacity but reduced the stiffness, uncracked load, and ductility. The load capacity decreased by 2.6% as the polystyrene sphere’s diameter increased from 50 mm to 10 mm. The strength increased by 0.6% as the spacing increased from 10 mm to 30 mm. For satisfactory performance, the polystyrene spheres with a diameter of 0.57 times the beam’s width may be spaced at 1.2 times the concrete cover. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/180 10.53623/csue.v3i1.180 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 25-39 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/180/115 Copyright (c) 2023 Jen Hua Ling, Ji Wei Lau, Yong Tat Lim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/198 2023-11-28T12:05:50Z csue:ART

Bitumen Stabilised Open Graded Base Materials Nelson, Cheah Muthuramalingam, Jayakumar Elhassan, Saad Hamad Tam, Nicholas Open Graded; Road Base; Bitumen; Stabilisation; Permeability; California bearing ratio. Roads play a crucial role in fostering economic growth and providing social advantages in every nation. However, over time, road infrastructure can become outdated. According to studies conducted by World Highways, a road may seem to be in good condition on the surface while hiding a severe issue beneath. As a result, periodic maintenance, repairs, or modernization may be necessary for road structures. The primary purpose of this project was to investigate the effects of permeability on road base materials by removing particles and restoring strength through stabilization with bitumen. Optimum grade 60/70 bitumen was used in compliance with Malaysia JKR specifications to create a realistic case scenario. The formulation excluded open-graded road base material with particles smaller than 1.18 mm or 2.0 mm, and bitumen stabilization levels of 0%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% were implemented to reduce the decrease in mechanical strength. The mechanical strength was determined using the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, while a Constant Head Method Permeability test was conducted to identify the optimal design mix with the maximum achievable permeability coefficient. The results showed that bitumen stabilization increased the mechanical strength of the road base material, with the highest result compensating for the drop by 8.7%. With open-graded road base material, the permeability can be increased by up to 17.2%. Therefore, open-graded road foundation material with bitumen as a binder for stabilization can be used in the construction of pavements in Malaysia, an area with relatively high rainfall intensity. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-04-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/198 10.53623/csue.v3i1.198 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 40-50 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/198/127 Copyright (c) 2023 Cheah Nelson, Jayakumar Muthuramalingam, Saad Hamad Elhassan, Nicholas Tam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/212 2023-11-28T12:05:50Z csue:REV

Implementation of Green Materials in Construction Management System in Malaysia Chong, Jia Hao Liu, Madelyn Shiu Hernandes, Erika Albescu, Mihaela construction industry; environmental management; green materials; sustainable developmental; Malaysia Construction industry plays an important role in social, economic and environmental developments. However, the unstainable development in the industry has led to environmental issues. Construction waste is one of the biggest problems in the construction industry. In Malaysia, construction waste constitutes a large portion of solid waste every year. Most of the construction waste ends up in landfill without proper treatment. The constriction waste can further lead to other environmental issues. In addition, construction activities have also led to environmental issues such as water pollution, air pollution and noise pollution in the country. Besides, utilization of conventional construction materials in the country also leads to unstainable development in the industry. Conventional concrete is the most used construction material and also the most generated construction waste in a construction project. The production of conventional concrete emits a huge amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) (due to the use of cement), which accounts for 8% to 10% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions every year. Thus, environmental management practices and utilization of green materials can be the keys to achieve sustainable development in the Malaysian construction industry. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-04-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/212 10.53623/csue.v3i1.212 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 51-69 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/212/128 Copyright (c) 2023 Jia Hao Chong, Madelyn Shiu Liu, Erika Hernandes, Mihaela Albescu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/236 2023-11-28T12:05:50Z csue:ART

Evaluating the Clogging Phenomenon in Pervious Concrete from January 2015 to December 2022 Teymouri, Ehsan Wong, Kwong Soon Rouhbakhsh, Masoud Pahlevani, Mahdi Forouzan, Mehdi pervious concrete; clogging phenomenon; infiltration rate; stormwater management This study investigated the effects of clogging in Pervious Concrete (PC) from January 2015 to December 2022. Three different PC mixtures were used, which included coarse aggregate (4.75-9.5 mm), fine aggregate (0-20% weight of coarse aggregate), cement (340 kg/m3), and w/c ratio of 0.35. The samples were tested for compressive strength, permeability, and porosity. The best PC mixture containing 10% fine aggregate was selected for monitoring clogging over time. This mixture had a compressive strength of 24.7 MPa, permeability of 1.19 mm/s, and void content of 13.96%. A large-scale prototype of PC10 (10% of fine aggregate) measuring 3.5 m in length, 1.7 m in width, and 0.20 m in depth was constructed in Mashhad City, Iran. The in-place infiltration rate was measured on a monthly basis as the PC experienced different rainfall levels. The results showed that due to clogging, the infiltration rate was reduced by an average of 10% for the first four years of the experiments. This was followed by a substantial reduction of 20% in 2019 and 16.75% in 2020. Due to a high level of clogging, the infiltration rate was reduced by 5.02% and 2.23% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. However, the system still has the capacity to infiltrate at 1.14 mm/s. Although no maintenance was performed on the PC system, its efficiency and lifespan were substantially reduced. Nonetheless, the system can still be considered as an effective solution for stormwater management. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-05-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/236 10.53623/csue.v3i1.236 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 70-80 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/236/130 Copyright (c) 2023 Ehsan Teymouri, Kwong Soon Wong, Masoud Rouhbakhsh, Mahdi Pahlevani, Mehdi Forouzan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/242 2023-11-28T12:05:50Z csue:ART

Development of Cement Stabilised Compressed Blocks Using Coal Bottom Ash: Influence of the Grain Size on Mechanical and Physical Properties of Blocks Minane, Jacques Remy Lawane, Abdou Madjadoumbaye, Jeremie Vinai, Raffaele Zagré, Brice Coal bottom ash; compressed block; waste recycling; low carbon building materials. This study investigated the physical and mechanical properties of cement-stabilized compressed blocks manufactured with coal bottom ash sourced from a power plant in Niger. Three different grain sizes were used for the production of compressed blocks with a hand-operated press. Thermal, hydric, mechanical, and fire resistance properties were assessed on the samples. It was found that the use of finer bottom ash resulted in lighter blocks with a density of about 1.02 mg/m3 and thermal conductivity in the range of 0.27 – 0.41 W/m·K. The size of the bottom ash used for the production of blocks did not significantly affect the value of mechanical strength. The exposure of blocks to temperatures of 200°C and 400°C did not reduce the strength of the samples. Neat bottom ash blocks can offer better thermal properties than typical building materials and provide acceptable mechanical strength. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-05-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/242 10.53623/csue.v3i1.242 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 81-94 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/242/140 Copyright (c) 2023 Jacques Remy Minane, Abdou Lawane, Jeremie Madjadoumbaye, Raffaele Vinai, Brice Zagré https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/250 2023-11-28T12:05:50Z csue:ART

Analysis of Sustainable Energy Metrics in Douala’s Road Transportation Sector, Cameroon Bissai, Fontaine Dubois Mbanga, Bienvenu Gaël Fouda Fouda Adiang Mezoue, Cyrille Nguiya, Severin Energy, Energy sustainable road transport, Energy system, Sustainable development, Sustainable energy indicator In this study, Douala, Cameroon was used as a case study to analyze the characteristics of sustainable energy for road transport from 2010 to 2019. Douala, being the national capital and entry point to Central Africa, served as a major hub for the movement of people and goods. However, the road transport sector was plagued by a number of problems, including traffic congestion, the use of fossil fuels, air pollution, and global warming associated with road traffic. The objective of this work was to evaluate a set of indicators that would allow monitoring the evolution of trends in the interactions between the energy component and sustainable development. The DPSIR (Driving Force, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response) model was used to select a set of indicators. According to the results, the energy intensity of the fuel used for transport decreased from 9.93 to 15.9 toe/M€. This increase in energy intensity reflected the energy-intensive nature of the road industry. Additionally, from 2010 to 2019, the energy efficiency of road transport vehicles in the city of Douala fluctuated between 20 and 22%. This indicates a significant potential for improving energy efficiency. Therefore, decision-makers need to implement sustainable transport planning to address these issues. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-06-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/250 10.53623/csue.v3i1.250 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 1 - 2023; 95-111 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/250/150 Copyright (c) 2023 Fontaine Dubois Bissai, Bienvenu Gaël Fouda Fouda Mbanga, Cyrille Adiang Mezoue, Severin Nguiya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/258 2023-11-28T12:06:12Z csue:ART

Maintenance Management Practices and Factors Affecting Maintenance of Private University Buildings in Ogun State Nigeria Osuizugbo, Innocent Chigozie Olusanya, Babajide Oludayo Building maintenance management is an efficient and viable technique used for addressing issues with construction's upkeep. Nigerian tertiary institutions have been accused of lacking maintenance culture. Meanwhile, quality and sustainable education is delivered when educational buildings are adequately maintained. The present study seeks to investigate the factors affecting maintenance management of private university buildings in Ogun state Nigeria. Questionnaire survey was utilized as a research instrument to gather information from the maintenance personnel within private universities in Ogun state, Nigeria. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that use of poor quality components and materials,no adoption of appropriate maintenance cycle for building maintenance, lack of discernable maintenance culture in the country, and inadequate training and development of maintenance personnel are the top most four factors affecting maintenance management of private university buildings in Ogun state, Nigeria. The study provides insights into the factors affecting maintenance management of university buildings. An understanding of these factors would help tertiary institutions and maintenance personnel facilitate the development of strategies required in minimizing the factors affecting maintenance management practices in tertiary institutions. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-07-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/258 10.53623/csue.v3i2.258 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 112-122 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/258/157 Copyright (c) 2023 Innocent Chigozie Osuizugbo, Babajide Oludayo Olusanya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/329 2023-11-28T12:06:12Z csue:ART

Inhibitors to Earth-based Materials Adoption in Urban Housing Construction: The View of Design Experts Nwaki, William Sofolahan, Onyinye Eze, Emmanuel Environmental performance Earth-based materials Sustainable construction Eco-friendly materials Inhibitors Urban housing construction Earth-based materials are eco-friendly and harmless to the environment but have been neglected and relegated, and preference is given to non-sustainable and expensive conventional materials owing to certain factors. Existing studies in the Nigerian context did not consider the factors hindering the use of earthen materials in urban low-cost housing production. This study presents the outcome of examining the inhibitors to the adoption of earth-based materials in urban housing construction from the perspective of design experts in a developing country like Nigeria. Thus, it fills the critical literature gap in the Nigerian context. A well-structured quantitative questionnaire was utilised to collect data from construction design experts using the snowball sampling technique via electronic means. With a reliability index of 0.899, The gathered data were analysed using frequencies, percentages, Mean score, normalisation value technique, Mann-Whitney U test, overlap analysis, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). It was found that the major barriers to the use of earth materials in urban housing production are (i) image and aesthetic barriers, (ii) Knowledge and resistance barriers, (iii) technology and data barriers, (iv) strength and maintenance barriers, and (v) demand and demographic barriers. More training and workshops were advocated to increase knowledge of the environmental and economic benefits of these materials among stakeholders to influence their interest and the market for earthen materials' acceptability and usage in housing production in urban areas. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-11-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/329 10.53623/csue.v3i2.329 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 123-137 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/329/168 Copyright (c) 2023 William Nwaki, Onyinye Sofolahan, Emmanuel Eze https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/335 2023-11-28T12:06:12Z csue:REV

Sustainable Urban Development in Malaysia: Enhancing Green Roofs with Integrated Technologies Tang, Yien Yu Slimani, Youcef Al-Ghazal, Mukhtar Ali Talukdar, Gaurav Maharjan, Amit Kumar Green roof, Malaysia, pros and cons, challenges Urbanization and population density surges globally have triggered environmental challenges, with the construction sector notably contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and high energy consumption. Urban expansion has exacerbated issues, converting green spaces into impermeable structures and heightening flood risks. Green roofs have emerged as an eco-friendly solution, excelling in stormwater management, mitigating the urban heat island effect, enhancing air quality, reducing noise transmission, preserving biodiversity, extending roof lifespan, and augmenting aesthetics. They absorb rainwater, decreasing stormwater runoff, yet entail higher installation and maintenance costs and potential fire hazards compared to conventional roofs. In Malaysia, government policies and incentives drive green roof adoption, particularly in residential, commercial, and institutional buildings, predominantly of the intensive green roof type. Buildings undergo green rating tool evaluations for green certification. Despite progress, challenges persist, including expertise shortages, lack of design guidelines, limited research, low public awareness, and green roof component disposal issues. Addressing these demands significant government efforts, including robust policy development, increased support for local companies, expanded research initiatives, heightened public awareness, and optimized synergy with other technologies. Integrating green roofs with solar panels and utilizing greywater for irrigation can reduce energy and water consumption concurrently, showcasing potential for comprehensive and sustainable urban development. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-12-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/335 10.53623/csue.v3i2.335 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 148‒162 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/335/178 Copyright (c) 2023 Yien Yu Tang, Youcef Slimani, Mukhtar Ali Al-Ghazal, Gaurav Talukdar, Amit Kumar Maharja https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/336 2023-12-01T12:16:24Z csue:REV

Environmental Management and Green Practices in the Construction Industry Across ASEAN Countries: A Comparative Study Tie, Sing Yi Emre, Mehmet Bennani, Chafiq Garcia, Sebastian Talukdar, Gaurav Maharjan, Rabin Environmental management practice; green technology; green material; sustainable construction; ASEAN The construction industry in Southeast Asian countries especially Association of Southeast Asian Nations receive substantial attention and investment for the high return value of the industry. This review aims to assess the environmental impact of the construction industry in ASEAN countries, analyzing current status, government policies, and innovative green materials and technologies to mitigate environmental effects and promote sustainability. It is important to note that construction industry is currently identified as one of the greatest waste production businesses which can cause adverse impacts and pollution to the environment that degrade the environmental quality. Construction and demolition wastes are emphasized and studied in the following context. The status and government policy on environmental management practices in ASEAN countries such as Malaysia, Vietnam and Singapore are reviewed and summarised in this article. Furthermore, green construction materials and green material technologies that are practised in ASEAN countries are examined throughout the study. The green materials include bamboo, recycled concrete aggregate, coconut husk and bagasse while the green material technologies include hydrogen energy, carbon capture and storage, and solar energy are discussed and evaluated with respective advantage and disadvantages. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-12-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/336 10.53623/csue.v3i2.336 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 163-180 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/336/179 Copyright (c) 2023 Sing Yi Tie, Mehmet Emre, Chafiq Bennani, Sebastian Garcia, Gaurav , Rabin Maharjan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/339 2023-11-28T12:06:12Z csue:REV

Navigating Soil Erosion Challenges in Malaysia: Insights, Prospects, and Solutions Chin, Edenver Maharjan, Rabin Emalya, Nikita Soil erosion practices; Ecological consequences; El Nino phenomenon; soil conservation strategies; Environmental sustainability The escalating global demand for forest products, driven by economic growth and a growing population, has led to increased forest conversion activities. Forest conversion involves transforming forested areas to meet industrial demands, resulting in severe ecological consequences. This review focuses on the state of soil erosion practices in Malaysia, which is a pressing issue with wide-ranging impacts on soil health, agricultural sustainability, and the environment. Malaysia's geographical location exposes it to the El Nino phenomenon, characterized by disrupted climate patterns and altered rainfall intensities, indirectly contributing to soil erosion. During El Nino events, diminished vegetation cover, primarily due to rainfall deficits, increases soil susceptibility to erosion, emphasizing the need for adaptive erosion control measures. Soil erosion poses a significant challenge to the sustainability of agriculture and terrestrial ecosystems. Malaysia has made efforts to address this issue by implementing soil and water conservation practices like terraces, grassed waterways, strip cropping, and conservation tillage, which effectively reduce erosion rates. However, these methods face challenges due to the variations in natural erosion rates driven by extreme events. Additionally, the conversion of natural forests to economic forests remains an underexplored concern in Malaysia, hindering the development of tailored soil erosion control strategies. Addressing soil erosion demands a comprehensive approach that includes research, policy support, and empowering farmers to adopt soil conservation practices. Soil erosion affects ecosystems, water resources, and urban development, necessitating multifaceted solutions to preserve both environmental sustainability and agricultural productivity in the face of evolving environmental challenges. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2023-12-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/339 10.53623/csue.v3i2.339 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 3 - Issue 2 - 2023; 138‒147 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v3i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/339/177 Copyright (c) 2023 Edenver Chin, Rabin Maharjan, Nikita Emalya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/391 2025-01-02T00:32:57Z csue:ART

Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Embedded Polystyrene Spheres Ling, Jen Hua Lau, Ji Wei Lim, Yong Tat Reinforced concrete slab polystyrene spheres flexural behaviour four-point load test concrete replacement Polystyrene spheres can be used to substitute concrete in reinforced concrete slabs. Despite the weight, the structural performance of the slab would also be affected. This study investigated the behaviour of slabs containing polystyrene spheres under loads. Six specimens were fabricated and tested under the four-point load setup. The parameters studied included the diameters of the polystyrene spheres and the spacing between them. The polystyrene spheres reduced the slabs’ first crack load, stiffness, yield strength, and ultimate strength. The first crack, yield, and ultimate loads decreased by 22.3%, 2.1%, and 4.1%, respectively, when the polystyrene sphere’s diameter increased from 75 mm to 125 mm. As the polystyrene spheres’ spacing decreased from 50 mm to 10 mm, the first crack, yield, and ultimate loads dropped 14.2%, 9.2%, and 7%, respectively. Despite some limitations identified during the feasibility analysis, specimen SP3 was found feasible as a simply supported one-way spanning slab. In the specimen, the polystyrene spheres were 0.625 times the slab thickness in diameter and 2.5 times the concrete cover in spacing. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-02-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/391 10.53623/csue.v4i1.391 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 1-19 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/391/199 Copyright (c) 2024 Jen Hua Ling, Ji Wei Lau, Yong Tat Lim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/393 2025-01-02T00:32:57Z csue:ART

Performance of Grouted Splice Sleeve as A Connection for Wall Panels Ling, Jen Hua Abd. Rahman, Ahmad Baharuddin Ibrahim, Izni Syahrizal Grouted splice sleeve precast wall connection tensile, shear, and flexural loads feasibility study A grouted sleeve is a mechanical coupler used to join steel bars. It can be used to join precast concrete walls. Most grouted sleeves are pricey proprietary products. This study investigated the behaviour of a grouted sleeve made of steel pipe sections. The grouted sleeve was used as a wall panel connection. The specimens were subjected to three types of loads: tensile, shear, and flexural. The performance of the specimens was evaluated based on the load-displacement responses. For satisfactory bond strength, a bar embedded length of 11 times the bar diameter was required. The grouted sleeve performed well in tension but poorly in shear load. The service shear load was just one-third of the total load capacity. Thus, the grouted sleeve was not recommended for resisting shear load without shear keys to strengthen the joint. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-03-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/393 10.53623/csue.v4i1.393 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 20-41 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/393/205 Copyright (c) 2024 Jen Hua Ling, Ahmad Baharuddin Abd. Rahman, Izni Syahrizal Ibrahim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/411 2025-01-02T00:32:57Z csue:ART

Optimizing Food Waste Decomposition through pH, Moisture Content, and Temperature Control: A Comprehensive Study Anayet, Abila Hena Hamzah, Meor Mohammad Hilmi Bin Mohamed Najib, Mohamed Zuhaili Composting, a crucial process in sustainable waste management, transforms organic matter into nutrient-rich compost, which is an organic byproduct of the decomposition process known as composting. Compost serves as a sustainable means of recycling various organic materials into a nutrient-rich soil conditioner, finding applications in gardens, landscaping, horticulture, urban agriculture, and organic farming. This paper investigated the complex factors affecting the maturity of compost, focusing on parameters such as temperature, pH, and moisture content. The breakdown rates of eight carefully regulated combinations were compared to a sample that had not been altered. The analytic results showed the volume loss over time was a critical component in determining the maturity of compost. Combinations two (Temperature=High, Moisture Content=High, pH=Low), three (Temperature=High, Moisture Content=Low, pH=High), and four (Temperature=High, Moisture Content=Low, pH=Low) showed the most percentage volume loss by day 46, indicating faster maturation compared to the uncontrolled group. In this volume loss comparison, the circular truncated cone formula played a crucial role in revealing the ideal combinations for compost maturation. This comprehensive study not only contributed valuable insights into optimizing composting conditions but also highlighted the diverse applications of compost. By examining the complex interactions between pH, moisture content, and temperature, this study enhanced our knowledge of sustainable waste-to-resource operations and effective composting techniques. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-04-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/411 10.53623/csue.v4i1.411 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 42-54 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/411/209 Copyright (c) 2024 Abila Hena Anayet, Meor Mohammad Hilmi Bin Hamzah, Mohamed Zuhaili Mohamed Najib https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/427 2025-01-02T00:32:57Z csue:ART

Chemical and Mechanical Characterisation of Clay Soil Stabilised with Steel Slag and Calcium Carbide Waste Ogundare, Damilola Ayodele Adeleke, Oyetunde Oluwafemi Akinbuluma, Ayodeji Theophilus Pavement Subgrade soil Industrial waste materials Chemical analysis CBR Problematic subgrade soil such as clay is expansive by nature and is challenging to work with during pavement construction. In an effort to combat this issue and lower the rate of pavement failure on highway construction projects, cementitious industrial waste materials should be used. This study thus examined the influence of steel slag (SS) and calcium carbide waste (CCW) as stabilisers for clay soil. Chemical and mineralogical analyses of clay soil, SS and CCW were assessed while the stabilised soil were subjugated to Atterberg limit, compaction and california bearing ratio (CBR) tests. The existence of calcium oxide, iron oxide and calcium hydroxide in both the chemical and mineralogical constituents of SS and CCW indicate that they are binding materials which notably influences hardness and contributes more to the strength of the clay soil. With varied amounts of the additives (SS and CCR), the clay soil's liquid limit and plasticity index dropped from 54.0% and 13.8% to 43.5% and 9.2%, respectively. This significantly lowers the clay soil’s swell potential, increases its resilience, and decreases its infiltration capacity. The compaction characteristics revealed that SS and CCW enhanced the compactness of the clay soil signifying enhancement of the soil compaction properties. The CBR value of all the stabilised clay soils improve significantly with 40%SS + 60%CCW acquiring the maximum CBR of 17.3% and 29.0% compared with clay soil having CBR of 4.7% and 6.9% in soaked and unsoaked states respectively. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-05-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/427 10.53623/csue.v4i1.427 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 55-64 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/427/213 Copyright (c) 2024 Damilola Ayodele Ogundare, Oyetunde Oluwafemi Adeleke, Ayodeji Theophilus Akinbuluma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/440 2025-01-02T00:32:57Z csue:REV

Navigating Environmental Stewardship: A Review of Construction Industry Practices in Developed Countries Liong, Rachel Binhudayb, Faisal Saud Elshikh, Mohammed Hesham, Salem Urbanization; construction industry; environmental management practices; sustainable development; environmental impacts Due to rapid urbanization, the construction industry has expanded significantly to meet human needs. Controlling environmental impacts in the construction sector has become a major global issue. The implementation of environmental management practices in the construction sector has contributed to protecting the environment through various management methods. This review aims to provide an overview of environmental management practices in the construction industry in developed countries, including a review of the types of environmental management practices and government policies for adopting these practices. The current status of these practices in developed countries is discussed, as well as the barriers and prospects for environmental management practices. Challenges include behavior adoption, lack of material standardization, monitoring difficulties, and inefficient formation of temporary organizations. Cooperation among construction parties presents coordination issues, exacerbating uneven cost distribution and neglect of environmental impacts. Adoption of ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems faces hurdles such as lack of management involvement, third-party interference, and lack of guidelines. Initiatives like Green Star struggle due to poor enforcement and organizational issues, hindering sustainable development. To accomplish the goal of sustainable development, additional environmental factors have been taken into account and discussed. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-06-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/440 10.53623/csue.v4i1.440 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 1 - 2024; 65-74 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/440/222 Copyright (c) 2024 Rachel Liong, Faisal Saud Binhudayb, Mohammed Elshikh, Salem Hesham https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/475 2025-01-18T00:52:26Z csue:SHC

The Impact of Urban Roughness on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Hot Arid Climate Hassan, Susan Abed Abdul Lateef , Zainab Abdul Kareem The proportion of the world's population living in cities is rapidly increasing, presenting new challenges to the urban environment and quality of life. Among these challenges is the urban environment's impact on residents' outdoor thermal comfort, which can affect their health and well-being. Urban roughness, which includes building and street heights, has a significant impact on the thermal environment of urban areas. Changes in these factors cause variations in temperature distribution, wind speed, and humidity, which affect how people perceive thermal conditions. The research problem is the effect of urban roughness on outdoor thermal comfort in hot arid climate, specifically the height of buildings and the density, for a case study in (Al-Bab Al-Sharqi) in  Baghdad city. Measurement method that employed the computer programs (Rino8 and Grasshopper) to calculate the thermal comfort index (UTCI) and its impact on various climatic variables. The findings revealed that the thermal comfort index and the climatic factors associated with it vary depending on the configuration of buildings. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-10-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/475 10.53623/csue.v4i2.475 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 76-82 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/475/244 Copyright (c) 2024 Susan Abed Hassan, Zainab Abdul Kareem Abdul Lateef https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/481 2025-01-18T00:52:26Z csue:REV

Evaluating the Impact of Government Policies on Circular Economy Adoption in the Construction Sector Hoareau, Carol Emilly Tam, Nicholas Construction; sustainability; environmental management; green materials The construction sector is both essential for global economic progress and one of the largest contributors to pollution, resource depletion, and energy consumption. Given the urgent need to adopt more sustainable practices, governments in developed countries have introduced policies aimed at fostering a circular economy in this sector. These policies emphasize the use of green materials to reduce resource consumption, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with global sustainability goals. The waste hierarchy further governs these policies, prioritizing waste reduction, reuse, and recycling. This study analyzes the effectiveness of these government policies in promoting circular economy principles, particularly the adoption of green materials in the construction industry. Our findings reveal that while these policies have led to measurable reductions in energy consumption and emissions, the extent of green material adoption varies significantly across countries. Key factors influencing this variation include economic incentives, regulatory enforcement, and the level of industry acceptance of green technologies. One of the most important results of this study is the identification of significant gaps between policy intent and actual industry practices. In many cases, green materials, despite their favorable characteristics, have not been widely implemented due to economic, technical, and market barriers. These findings underscore the need for stronger government incentives and more consistent policy enforcement to drive broader adoption of sustainable practices. Future studies should focus on overcoming these barriers, exploring the long-term economic impacts of green material adoption, and evaluating how policy frameworks can be optimized to ensure more widespread. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-10-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/481 10.53623/csue.v4i2.481 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 83-94 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/481/249 Copyright (c) 2024 Carol Emilly Hoareau, Nicholas Tam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/503 2025-01-18T00:52:26Z csue:REV

Environmental Management Practices and Sustainable Green Concrete Use in Malaysia's Construction Industry: Challenges, Benefits, and Future Directions Lim, John Talukdar, Gaurav Green concrete; environmental management practices; sustainable construction; Malaysia This review examines the environmental management practices (EMPs) employed within Malaysia's construction sector, with a particular focus on sustainable practices and the adoption of green concrete, including fly ash, rice husk ash, and palm oil fuel ash varieties. The study identifies key challenges, such as low awareness, high costs, weak legal enforcement, and the underdevelopment of green materials in the country. To address these issues, the report proposes solutions such as capacity-building programs, government incentives like tax breaks and grants, regular site inspections, and investment in research and development of green materials. The review also assesses the advantages and limitations of different green concrete types used in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to enhance sustainability efforts and reduce the environmental impact of construction activities through greater awareness, stronger regulatory support, and commitment from all stakeholders. Implementing greener concrete and EMPs is expected to not only mitigate environmental concerns but also yield long-term economic benefits for Malaysia. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-11-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/503 10.53623/csue.v4i2.503 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 95-111 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/503/260 Copyright (c) 2024 John Lim, Gaurav Talukdar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/530 2025-01-18T00:52:26Z csue:REV

Urban Environmental Management Practices and Green Roof Technologies in Malaysia: A Path to Sustainable Development Zulkifly, Mohd Hashim Madelyn Shiu Liu Malaysia; sustainable development; green materials; green roof; Environmental Management Practices. Malaysia is the developing country, which develop in contraction, agriculture, and many more kinds of activities. The construction activities for Malaysia is less implemented the green materials technology and the Environmental Management. The Environmental Management Practices is not usually applied by the construction workers. The government also show no enforcement and awareness on the Environmental Management Practices in Malaysia. There are some importance of the Environmental Management Practices is described and also the plan to improve the implementation of Environmental Management Practices under construction of Malaysia. The green roof is one of the technologies of green materials. There three kinds of green roof system as intensive green roof system, semi-intensive green roof system, and extensive green roof system. These three different systems have its own advantages and this advantages. The green materials that can be used for the green roof construction are bamboo, stones, and recycled bricks. The green materials or green roof system help to reduce the environment impact, social impact, and economic impact of Malaysia. The better environment, social life and economic can lead to sustainable development in Malaysia. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-12-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/530 10.53623/csue.v4i2.530 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 112-124 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/530/270 Copyright (c) 2024 Mohd Hashim Zulkifly, Madelyn Shiu Liu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/533 2025-01-18T00:52:26Z csue:REV

Urban and Groundwater Microplastic Contamination: Sources, Distribution, Impacts, and Remediation Technologies Hussain, Noor Nafsiah Mohamad Lopez-Martinez, Flavio Environmental impact; Groundwater contamination; Landfill leachate; Microplastic; Remediation technologies; Urban environments. The presence of microplastics (MPs) in urban environments and groundwater systems has garnered significant global attention due to the critical role groundwater plays as a primary freshwater source. This review paper aims to comprehensively examine the sources, distribution, movement, and environmental impact of MPs, particularly focusing on urban areas and groundwater contamination. Special emphasis is placed on MPs originating from landfill leachate and their distribution along Malaysia's beaches. The paper also discusses the movement patterns of MPs, providing mathematical models for their migration. The environmental and health impacts of MPs, including soil degradation, toxicity in agricultural crops, and heavy metal adsorption, are analyzed. Additionally, current remediation technologies such as reverse osmosis, microbial exploitation, and ozonation are evaluated, with recommendations for combining different methods to enhance MP removal effectiveness. The involvement of the general public, socio-economic sectors, tourism, and waste management companies is highlighted as crucial for addressing this pervasive issue. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2024-12-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/533 10.53623/csue.v4i2.533 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 4 - Issue 2 - 2024; 125-140 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v4i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/533/271 Copyright (c) 2024 Noor Nafsiah Mohamad Hussain, Flavio Lopez-Martinez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/560 2025-06-23T02:46:54Z csue:ART

Enhancing Urban Runoff Quality with Iron Slag-Modified Pervious Concrete: A Study on Mechanical Properties and Pollutant Removal Efficiency Teymouri, Ehsan Davis, Taylor pervious concrete iron slag stormwater management stormwater treatment This study explores the improvement of the performance of pervious concrete (PC) for enhancing urban runoff quality by incorporating fine-grained iron slag in varying proportions, from 0% to 15% of the coarse aggregate weight. The research addresses the pressing challenges of stormwater management in urban areas, where impervious surfaces contribute significantly to increased runoff and water pollution. To tackle these issues, the study aims to optimize PC composition. Mechanical and physical properties, including compressive strength, hydraulic conductivity, and void content, were assessed. The top-performing mixes were further evaluated for their ability to improve runoff quality using a rainfall simulator and PC slabs measuring 650×450×100 mm. Initial findings showed a positive relationship between higher iron slag content and increased compressive strength, with gains of up to 13%. However, this improvement came with reduced porosity and permeability as iron slag content increased. Notably, the sample with 15% iron slag demonstrated high pollutant removal efficiencies: 42.7% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 43.68% for total suspended solids (TSS), and 33.95% for turbidity, due to the dual effects of pore filling and contaminant adsorption by the iron slag. No significant changes were observed in NaCl and electrical conductivity (EC) levels. This study highlights the potential of optimizing iron slag content in PC to enhance its role in urban runoff management, presenting a promising approach for improving water quality in urban settings. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-02-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/560 10.53623/csue.v5i1.560 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 1-14 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/560/282 Copyright (c) 2025 Ehsan Teymouri, Taylor Davis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/621 2025-06-23T02:46:54Z csue:REV

Current Challenges and Future Prospects of Green Construction in Malaysia Sam, Wil Son Primus, Audrey Sentiveanu , Daniela Puspitasari, Surya Dewi Jannat, Md Abu Hanifa Jayapadma, Jayapadma Mudalige Miyuru Uthpala Illahi, Yuangga Rizky Permana, Muhamad Diki Maharjan, Amit Kumar Maharjan, Rabin Tongco, Jovale Vincent Construction; Policies; Management; Green; Sustainable; Challenges; Malaysia Malaysia’s rapid urbanization, driven by a growing population and increasing industrial and infrastructural demands, significantly impacted the environment. The construction sector, a key contributor to economic growth, simultaneously became a major source of environmental degradation due to high resource consumption and waste generation. In response to these challenges, the integration of green materials and sustainable technologies emerged as a viable solution to minimize the negative environmental footprint of construction activities. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of green materials in Malaysia, including bamboo, organic waste, recycled concrete aggregate, and plastic waste, highlighting their benefits and limitations. Additionally, sustainable construction technologies such as solar energy, hydropower, biogas systems, green roofing, and rainwater harvesting are examined for their potential role in enhancing environmental sustainability. The study further evaluates existing government policies and regulations governing green construction in Malaysia, identifying key challenges such as ineffective waste management, regulatory enforcement gaps, and illegal dumping. Comparisons with international best practices, including those from Japan and Hong Kong, offer insights into potential improvements for Malaysia’s regulatory framework and implementation strategies. The paper also discusses the prospects of green materials and sustainable construction technologies, outlining potential solutions to enhance their adoption. By addressing both the challenges and opportunities within the sector, this review aims to contribute to the advancement of sustainable construction practices in Malaysia, ultimately fostering a eco-friendlier and more resilient built environment. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-05-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/621 10.53623/csue.v5i1.621 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 15-29 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/621/306 Copyright (c) 2025 Wil Son Sam, Audrey Primus, Daniela Sentiveanu , Surya Dewi Puspitasari, Md Abu Hanifa Jannat, Jayapadma Mudalige Miyuru Uthpala Jayapadma, Yuangga Rizky Illahi, Muhamad Diki Permana, Amit Kumar Maharjan, Rabin Maharjan, Jovale Vincent Tongco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/629 2025-06-23T02:46:54Z csue:REV

Sustainable Water Management Strategies for Mitigating Pesticide Pollution in Urban and Agricultural Areas Primus, Audrey Siganul, Aimie Peace Emalya, Nikita Yusnar, Cut Wijayanti, Yureana Rubiyatno Permana, Rega Park, Sang Hyeok Thakali, Ocean Aina, Corry Wahyuningsih, Ni Putu Sri Commey, Nii Amarquaye pesticides; groundwater; Malaysia; contamination; agriculture; environmental health; public health; regulation; sustainable practices; bioaccumulation The indiscriminate use of pesticides in Malaysian agriculture poses serious risks to both human health and groundwater quality.This study aims to evaluate the extent of pesticide contamination in Malaysian groundwater, identify its major sources, and examine current mitigation efforts. The primary routes of contamination include direct application, soil leaching, and surface runoff, with over twenty pesticide compounds listed as priority hazardous substances, commonly linked to oil palm, rice, and vegetable farming. Residential and industrial activities also contribute to the pollutant load. Due to their long environmental persistence, pesticides threaten aquatic ecosystems through bioaccumulation and biomagnification and increase the risk of severe health issues, including neurological disorders, reproductive problems, and cancer. Regulatory controls such as exposure limits and monitoring programs have been implemented to manage these risks. This review concludes that while regulatory mechanisms exist, more robust and proactive approaches are needed to mitigate groundwater contamination. Future efforts should focus on expanding the adoption of sustainable farming practices, strengthening groundwater monitoring, and enhancing regulatory enforcement to ensure long-term environmental and public health protection. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-05-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/629 10.53623/csue.v5i1.629 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 30-52 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/629/309 Copyright (c) 2025 Audrey Primus, Aimie Peace Siganul, Nikita Emalya, Cut Yusnar, Yureana Wijayanti, Rubiyatno, Rega Permana, Sang Hyeok Park, Ocean Thakali, Corry Aina, Ni Putu Sri Wahyuningsih, Nii Amarquaye Commey https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/670 2025-06-23T02:46:54Z csue:REV

Green Construction in Malaysia: Integrating Regulation, Sustainability, and Innovation for a Resilient Future Mohd Yusof, Ahmad Faizal Yusnar, Cut Illahi, Yuangga Rizky Maharjan, Rabin Widyasamratri, Hasti construction industry; wastes; environmental impacts; laws and regulations; materials Malaysia's construction industry has experienced steady growth since its independence, with the infrastructure sector projected to reach a market value of approximately USD 41.85 billion. This review article aims to evaluate the industry through the lens of environmental compliance, technological advancement, and sustainable development practices. Despite contributing to a 4.1% increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the past two decades, the industry continues to exert significant environmental pressure. To address these challenges, strict adherence to environmental regulations and standards is essential. One critical requirement is the development of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) prior to project commencement. The EMP outlines procedures such as baseline environmental assessments, identification of potential adverse impacts, emergency response planning, stakeholder roles and responsibilities, staff training, and ongoing monitoring and enforcement. In parallel with regulatory compliance, the transition toward green construction practices is gaining momentum. This includes the use of sustainable materials such as recycled concrete and aerogels, and the integration of smart technologies like Building Information Modeling (BIM) and drone-based site monitoring. These innovations not only enhance construction efficiency and safety but also reduce the industry's ecological footprint. This paper explores the dynamic interplay between environmental responsibility, regulatory frameworks, and technological innovation, positioning green construction as a vital pathway for Malaysia’s sustainable development. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-06-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/670 10.53623/csue.v5i1.670 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 53-68 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/670/323 Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Faizal Mohd Yusof, Cut Yusnar, Yuangga Rizky Illahi, Rabin Maharjan, Hasti Widyasamratri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/689 2025-06-23T02:46:54Z csue:REV

Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing Green Building Materials in Malaysia Siganul, Aimie Peace Puspitasari, Surya Dewi Sustainable construction; Malaysia; Green Technologies; Development Approval Procedures Sustainable construction is essential for minimizing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing waste, and promoting cost efficiency. However, Malaysia faces persistent challenges in environmental management, development approval procedures, and the adoption of green technologies. While various studies have explored individual aspects of sustainability in construction, there remains a lack of comprehensive reviews that critically assess how regulatory frameworks, approval processes, and green technologies intersect to influence sustainable construction outcomes in the Malaysian context. This review addresses that gap by synthesizing current practices, identifying key bottlenecks, and proposing actionable strategies for improvement. It evaluates regulatory frameworks, environmental strategies, green materials, and advanced technologies that support sustainable construction. The efficiency of the development approval process including project proposals, land acquisition, planning approval, occupancy, and handover plays a crucial role in enabling sustainable outcomes. Green technologies such as renewable energy, solar power, and smart construction techniques like the Internet of Things (IoT) are examined for their potential to enhance sustainability. The review also highlights persistent gaps in cost management and regulatory enforcement. By consolidating diverse strands of knowledge, this paper contributes to a clearer understanding of systemic barriers and opportunities within Malaysia’s sustainable construction landscape, offering policy and practice recommendations to guide future progress. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-06-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/689 10.53623/csue.v5i1.689 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 1 - 2025; 69-87 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/689/329 Copyright (c) 2025 Aimie Peace Siganul, Surya Dewi Puspitasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/809 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:REV

Environmental, Social, and Governance: A Review of Frameworks, Metrics, and Reporting for Sustainable Development Mohd Yusof, Ahmad Faizal Widyasamratri, Hasti ESG; sustainability; reporting frameworks; metrics; corporate governance; sustainable development. Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) aspects have become a key framework for assessing corporate performance, extending beyond traditional financial metrics, emphasizing sustainability, ethical conduct, and long-term resilience. This overview article synthesizes the fundamental elements of ESG and discusses its three pillars: environmental, social, and Corporate Governance. This article also examines the complex landscape of ESG metrics and rating systems, highlighting how differences in vendor criteria and methodologies including metric selection, weighting schemes, data sources, and disclosure verification, lead to significant differences in ESG scores across rating agencies such as MSCI, Sustainalytics, and Refinitiv. Differences in the processing of qualitative and quantitative data, sectoral adjustments, and reliance on self-declarations contribute to inconsistent results and limited comparability. Furthermore, the paper reviews leading global and regional ESG reporting frameworks, including the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), the Bursa Malaysia Sustainability Reporting Guidelines, and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), discussing their scope, applicability, and regional implementation. Despite its growing popularity, ESG assessments still face significant limitations, such as inconsistent data quality, a lack of standardization in reporting systems, and potential reporting errors, which undermine the credibility and comparability of ESG assessments. The analysis highlights that effective ESG implementation is crucial for risk management, investor confidence, regulatory compliance, and sustainable value creation, particularly in resource-intensive industries such as construction, manufacturing, and energy. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-10-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/809 10.53623/csue.v5i2.809 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 102‒116 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/809/379 Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Faizal Mohd Yusof, Hasti Widyasamratri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/810 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:REV

Fire Safety and Concrete Performance in Malaysia: A Review of Incidents, Material Behavior, and Standard Testing Protocols Ratihi, Noorhapsari Sharma, Vikram Prasad Otieno, Beatrice Achieng Fire Incidents; Malaysia; Concrete at High Temperature; Fire Resistance; Compressive Strength; Standard Testing. Fire incidents remain a critical and persistent challenge in Malaysia, posing significant threats to residential, educational, commercial, and environmental assets. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the Malaysian fire landscape, focusing on the behaviour of concrete structures under elevated temperatures, and examines standard testing protocols essential for assessing material resilience and structural safety. The analysis highlights an alarming frequency of annual fire events, which underscores the urgent need for a coordinated risk management strategy that engages both governmental agencies and private stakeholders. A central theme of the review is the thermo-mechanical performance of concrete, encompassing phenomena such as thermal expansion, spalling, residual compressive and tensile strength, and the effects of prolonged exposure to high temperatures. The study further evaluates the efficacy of material modifications, including fibre reinforcement, geopolymer formulations, and other innovative additives, in enhancing fire resistance and post-fire structural integrity. Additionally, the paper provides a detailed overview of critical international standards, including ASTM and ISO, for the mechanical and durability assessment of concrete after fire exposure, emphasizing their relevance and potential adaptation within the Malaysian context. The review concludes by highlighting the practical implications of these findings: the urgent need for integrated fire safety management, the adoption of advanced fire-resistant concrete technologies, and the enforcement of standardized testing and assessment protocols. Collectively, these strategies are essential to mitigate the devastating impact of fires on Malaysia’s built environment, safeguard human life, and ensure long-term structural resilience. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-11-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/810 10.53623/csue.v5i2.810 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 183−194 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/810/395 Copyright (c) 2025 Noorhapsari Ratihi, Vikram Prasad Sharma, Beatrice Achieng Otieno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/819 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:REV

Valorization of Palm Oil Fuel Ash for Sustainable Partial Cement Replacement in Concrete: A Mini Review Boateng, Kwame Mensah Owusu, Abena Serwaa Mohd Yazid, Siti Farhana Puspitasari, Surya Dewi Wijayanti, Yureana Palm oil fuel ash; supplementary cementitious material; concrete performance; sustainability; circular economy Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA), a by-product from the combustion of palm oil mill residues, has emerged as a highly promising supplementary cementitious material (SCM) to enhance sustainability in the construction industry. This paper reviews the physical and chemical characteristics, mechanical performance, optimal replacement levels, and the associated economic and environmental implications of incorporating POFA in concrete. Physically, POFA is characterized by its low specific gravity, initially coarse particle size, and porous structure, which can be refined through grinding to achieve finer particles with increased surface area and improved pozzolanic reactivity. Chemically, POFA is rich in silicon dioxide (SiO₂), with appreciable amounts of aluminium trioxide (Al₂O₃) and ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃), meeting the ASTM International C618-12 requirements for Class F pozzolans. These characteristics enable POFA to react with calcium hydroxide produced during Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) hydration, forming additional calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel, thereby enhancing strength and durability. Experimental studies have demonstrated that partial replacement of OPC with finely ground POFA, particularly at levels between 10–30%, can improve long-term compressive strength, reduce permeability, and enhance resistance to chloride penetration and sulphate attack. Economically, incorporating POFA reduces dependence on energy-intensive OPC, resulting in lower production costs, while environmentally, it minimizes landfill waste, decreases greenhouse gas emissions, and promotes circular economy practices. In palm oil-producing nations such as Malaysia and Indonesia, utilizing POFA in concrete can simultaneously address the challenges of industrial waste management and cement industry decarbonization, offering a viable pathway towards sustainable construction. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-11-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/819 10.53623/csue.v5i2.819 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 130-140 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/819/382 Copyright (c) 2025 Kwame Mensah Boateng, Abena Serwaa Owusu, Siti Farhana Mohd Yazid, Surya Dewi Puspitasari, Yureana Wijayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/829 2026-01-26T02:18:14Z csue:ART

Designing a Holistic Composite Metric for Sustainable Integrated Solid Waste Management: Economic, Social, and Environmental Perspectives Oluwanimifise, Michael Kolawole Anyaeche, Christopher Osita The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have provided  the opportunity to ensure adequate, safe, and affordable housing and basic services (including sustainable waste management) for all by 2030. A Sustainable Integrated Solid Waste Management System (SISWMS) is defined as one that fits a particular location with its inherent characteristics and peculiarities in line with the SDGs. There is no one-size-fits-all, comprehensive waste management system or metric that worked everywhere in the world indefinitely. Hence, waste management stakeholders worldwide were actively engaged in designing their own versions of the Sustainable Integrated Solid Waste Management Composite Index (SISWMCI) and frameworks that were economically, environmentally, and socially viable. This work aimed to develop a scalable, versatile, holistic, and innovative tool, in the form of a metric, to assess and benchmark solid waste management practices and systems. The proposed SISWMS framework and metric were rooted in the tripod of SDG pillars (economic, social, and environmental domains), interwoven using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) weighting and aggregation methodologies,  applied to 45 indicators across 10 sub-domains. The results indicated a red signal requiring urgent intervention, as the overall performance was 0.46, aggregated from the economic (0.49), social (0.49), and environmental (0.40) performance scores. The proposed metric was expected to serve as a robust and reliable sustainability performance benchmarking and improvement tool for waste management practices at the area, local government, state, and national levels. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-01-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/829 10.53623/csue.v6i1.829 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 1-15 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/829/433 https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/829/434 Copyright (c) 2026 Michael Kolawole Oluwanimifise, Christopher Osita Anyaeche https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/831 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:ART

Assessment of Pavement Performance Using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI): A Case Study of the Bengrah II Project in Palembang, Indonesia Armahedi, Aldi Mulyati, Ely Pavement Distress Pavement Condition Index (PCI) Flexible Pavement Heavy Vehicle Loading Palembang Road pavement condition is essential for ensuring the smooth mobilization of materials, heavy equipment, and personnel in large-scale construction projects. Excessive loading from project vehicles often accelerates pavement deterioration, as observed along Mayor Memet Sastra Wirya Street, the main access road for the multi-year Bengrah II Project in Palembang. This study evaluated pavement distress types  types and severity levels using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method based on field observations, photographic documentation, and dimensional measurements of visible defects. The analysis produced PCI values ranging from 62 to 70, with an average PCI of 67, classifying the pavement as Good. The dominant types of distress were alligator cracking and surface deformation (bumps and sags), primarily caused by repetitive heavy vehicle loading and inadequate drainage conditions. Despite the overall good classification, localized structural deterioration indicates early functional decline of the pavement. These results highlight that continuous heavy traffic associated with construction activities significantly affects pavement performance. Therefore, preventive maintenance actions such as surface overlays, shallow patching, and stricter vehicle load control, are recommended to sustain road functionality and extend service life. The findings contribute to pavement management strategies and policy formulation for maintaining construction access roads under intensive loading conditions. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-11-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/831 10.53623/csue.v5i2.831 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 117-129 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/831/381 Copyright (c) 2025 Aldi Armahedi, Ely Mulyati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/845 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:ART

Strengthening Urban Health Resilience through the Implementation of the Indonesian Emergency Medical Team (TCK-EMT Indonesia) Marzun, Muhammad Hakiim Prasetya, Johan Danu Paripurno, Eko Teguh Purwanta, Jaka Nugroho , Arif Rianto Budi TCK-EMT Indonesia Emergency Medical Team Health Crisis Management Yrban Health Resilience WHO standards Urban health resilience was increasingly recognized as a critical pillar of sustainable development, particularly in densely populated and disaster-prone cities. As part of the broader framework of urban resilience engineering, strengthening health systems was essential to prevent service disruptions and ensure continuity during crises. Emergency Medical Teams (EMTs) played a central role in this process by providing rapid, standardized, and sustainable responses. However, the Indonesian Emergency Medical Team (TCK-EMT Indonesia) had not yet achieved WHO verification, indicating persistent challenges in governance, operational readiness, and integration with urban health systems. This study applied the Edwards III policy implementation framework, which covered communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure, through a narrative literature review of national regulations, WHO standards, and After Action Reports from missions in Türkiye (2023) and Myanmar (2025). Findings revealed that although TCK-EMT Indonesia personnel demonstrated strong motivation and adaptive capacity, weaknesses persisted in communication delays, limited logistical self-sufficiency, and fragmented bureaucratic structures. These gaps undermined the ability of urban health systems to sustain essential services during disasters. Comparative insights from Türkiye and Myanmar highlighted how external facilitation, linguistic and cultural barriers, and governance fragilities critically influenced resilience outcomes in urban crisis contexts. The study concluded that strengthening TCK-EMT Indonesia was not only a step toward WHO verification but also a strategic measure for developing adaptive, integrated, and sustainable urban health systems. From the perspective of urban resilience engineering, enhancing EMT capacity constituted a pivotal effort to safeguard disaster-prone cities against increasingly complex health crises. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-10-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/845 10.53623/csue.v5i2.845 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 88-101 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/845/374 Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Hakiim Marzun, Johan Danu Prasetya, Eko Teguh Paripurno, Jaka Purwanta, Arif Rianto Budi Nugroho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/848 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:ART

Factors Influencing Pedestrian Movement in Banda Aceh: The Role of Urban Density, Land Use, and Connectivity Naufal, Ghaffari Yori Herwangi High urbanization in Indonesia created significant mobility challenges, particularly due to the intensive use of motorized vehicles that led to congestion and environmental degradation. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing pedestrian volume in Banda Aceh as an alternative solution to promote active mobility. The analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method with three main variables—land use mix, density, and connectivity—measured across 44 grids of 800×800 meters within the city. The findings showed that density had a significant positive effect on pedestrian volume (path coefficient = 0.425; p-value = 0.007), while land use mix and connectivity did not demonstrate significant effects. The proposed model explained 27.2% of the variation in walking mobility. These results highlighted the importance of urban density in encouraging walking activity and suggested that compact urban development could be an effective strategy to promote active mobility in Indonesian cities. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/848 10.53623/csue.v5i2.848 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 141-154 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/848/389 Copyright (c) 2025 Ghaffari Naufal, Yori Herwangi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/849 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:REV

Research Trends in E-Procurement and Goods/Services Procurement: A Bibliometric Study with Insights from Indonesia (2020–2025) Santosa, Dewa Puji Pramesti, Nectaria Putri E-Procurement Public Procurement Bibliometric Analysis VOSviewer Research Trends The rapid evolution of procurement systems, particularly through digital platforms, transformed how goods and services were acquired in both public and private sectors. Driven by technological advances, regulatory reforms, and lessons learned from implementation challenges, procurement research expanded significantly in recent years. This study aimed to map research trends in e-procurement and goods/services procurement between 2020 and 2025, with specific insights from Indonesia as one of the leading contributors. A bibliometric approach was employed using VOSviewer to analyze 136 articles retrieved from the Scopus, Google Scholar, and Garuda databases. Metadata, including titles, authors, keywords, and citations, were systematically processed to identify publication networks, keyword clusters, and thematic evolution. The results revealed that Indonesia led in publication volume, followed by countries such as Kenya, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Keyword mapping highlighted dominant themes of performance, cost efficiency, and procurement practices, while emerging topics since 2023 included digital platforms, open contracting, and transparency. Author collaboration remained fragmented, with limited international networking. The analysis also indicated a gradual shift from procedural issues toward multidimensional concerns, integrating technical, managerial, and social perspectives in procurement research. This study concluded that bibliometric mapping provided valuable insights into the current state and future directions of procurement research. It recommended further comparative studies across regions, greater focus on user satisfaction and sustainability, and the strengthening of international collaboration to broaden the knowledge base. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/849 10.53623/csue.v5i2.849 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 155-167 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/849/390 Copyright (c) 2025 Dewa Puji Santosa, Nectaria Putri Pramesti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/852 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:REV

Lean Construction as an Efficiency Strategy for Sustainable Infrastructure: A Systematic Literature Review Ximenes, Firmino Fitrino Pramesti, Nectaria Putri Lean Construction Efficiency Waste Reduction Sustainable Infrastructure BIM Circular Economy The construction industry continued to face major challenges related to inefficiency, resource waste, and significant environmental impacts. These issues highlighted the urgent need for more effective project management strategies to support sustainable infrastructure development. This study aimed to synthesize existing knowledge on the role of Lean Construction (LC) as an efficiency strategy in achieving sustainable infrastructure, while also identifying research gaps related to digital integration and the circular economy. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted on 433 publications indexed in Scopus between 2015 and 2025. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as a quality assessment framework, 14 articles were selected for detailed analysis. The findings indicated that 71.4% of the reviewed studies emphasized LC integration with sustainability and digital technologies, particularly Building Information Modeling (BIM) and digital twins. Waste reduction (64.3%), cost efficiency (57.1%), time efficiency (50%), and implementation barriers (42.9%) also emerged as dominant themes. However, the integration of LC with Circular Economy (CE) principles, such as reuse, recycling, and design for deconstruction, remained limited. Furthermore, the social dimension of sustainability, including occupational safety, labor welfare, and collaborative culture, received minimal empirical attention. This study concluded that LC had significant potential to enhance project efficiency and sustainability, but its application was still predominantly conceptual, with limited validation in developing countries. Recommendations included expanding empirical field studies in the Global South, strengthening LC–BIM–CE integration in practice, developing practical tools and matrices to support implementation, and promoting regulatory frameworks that enable wider adoption. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-11-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/852 10.53623/csue.v5i2.852 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 168-182 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/852/392 Copyright (c) 2025 Firmino Fitrino Ximenes, Nectaria Putri Pramesti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/867 2025-12-03T06:51:41Z csue:ART

Optimizing Geometric Alignment of High-Speed Railway in Hazard-Prone and Topographically Challenging Regions: A Case Study of the Bandung–Cirebon Corridor, Indonesia Aghastya, Adya Yudha, Aldi Wardana Railway Infrastructure Planning Geometric Alignment Design Indonesian High-Speed Railway Earthwork Analysis The development of high-speed rail (HSR) infrastructure in Indonesia, particularly along the Bandung–Cirebon corridor, required precise geometric planning to ensure operational efficiency, safety, and long-term performance. This study aimed to design an optimized alignment for the Phase III segment between Ligung and Tengahtani by integrating engineering criteria with spatial and environmental constraints. A descriptive-analytic method was employed, combining field surveys, Digital Elevation Model Nasional (DEMNAS) data, and spatial planning documents, which were processed using Global Mapper and AutoCAD Civil 3D to generate alignment models, earthwork calculations, and spatial risk assessments. The proposed design featured five main horizontal curves with radii ranging from 2,500 to 12,000 meters and fourteen vertical curves with a constant 25,000-meter radius, meeting technical standards for a maximum operational speed of 350 km/h. Earthwork estimation yielded approximately 4.82 million m³ of excavation and 47,208 m³ of fill, while land acquisition requirements totaled around 1.83 million m², primarily affecting agricultural and residential zones. Spatial analysis identified 1.64 million m² of the proposed corridor as being located in moderate- to high-seismic-hazard zones, emphasizing the need for structural mitigation strategies and geotechnical monitoring. The findings highlighted the critical importance of integrating geometric design with topographical and hazard data in planning resilient HSR infrastructure. This study provided a replicable framework for railway alignment in complex terrain and supported sustainable transportation development in Indonesia’s rapidly evolving intercity network. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-11-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/867 10.53623/csue.v5i2.867 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 195−212 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/867/396 Copyright (c) 2025 Adya Aghastya, Aldi Wardana Yudha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/901 2026-01-27T08:06:18Z csue:ART

Performance Evaluation of Low-Density Polyethylene Food Packaging Waste as a Modifier in Performance Grade 70 Porous Asphalt Mixtures Ramadhan, Mochamad Indra Rizkiardi, Aditya Hartatik, Nurani Gondoarum, Siti Sekar Porous asphalt LDPE waste PG 70 asphalt Marshall stability AAPA 2004 Plastic waste, especially Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) from food packaging, poses significant environmental challenges due to its non-biodegradable nature and increasing accumulation. In road engineering, porous asphalt is known for its good drainage properties but has lower stability compared to conventional asphalt. This study evaluates the characteristics of porous asphalt mixtures modified with LDPE food packaging waste as a partial substitute for Performance Grade (PG) 70 asphalt. LDPE waste was sourced from the Pasar Pahing Rungkut Temporary Waste Disposal Site in Surabaya, processed, and incorporated into asphalt mixtures at 3%, 4%, and 5% of total weight. The Australian Asphalt Pavement Association was used as a guideline, and the optimum asphalt content (OAC) was determined to be 4.72%. Laboratory tests included Marshall stability, flow, Marshall Quotient (MQ), permeability, and volumetric properties (Voids in Mixture, Voids in Mineral Aggregate, and Voids Filled with Asphalt). The 5% LDPE mixture showed the best performance, with stability reaching 1101.1 kg, MQ of 930.5 kg/mm, and Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA) of 54.9%. All mixtures met Australian Asphalt Pavement Association (AAPA) permeability requirements, and the use of LDPE improved mechanical strength without compromising drainage properties. LDPE food packaging waste has potential as an eco-friendly modifier in porous asphalt, enhancing its stability and technical performance while contributing to sustainable waste management. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/901 10.53623/csue.v6i1.901 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 16-25 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/901/436 Copyright (c) 2026 Mochamad Indra Ramadhan, Aditya Rizkiardi, Nurani Hartatik, Siti Sekar Gondoarum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/904 2026-01-28T11:18:56Z csue:ART

Performance Analysis of Porous Asphalt Incorporating Siwalan Fruit Shell Powder as Sustainable Filler Material Ramadhan, Dharma Gusti Rizkiardi, Aditya Hartatik, Nurani Punarta, I Gede Agus Porous asphalt siwalan shell powder sustainable filler optimum asphalt content Marshall stability Porous asphalt is an open-graded combination with a lot of air voids that is meant to improve drainage on the surface. Nonetheless, the utilization of organic waste as an alternate filler remains inadequately investigated. This study seeks to assess the Marshall properties of porous asphalt utilizing siwalan (Borassus flabellifer) shell powder as a sustainable filler alternative. The study commenced with preliminary material testing (coarse and fine aggregates, PG 70 asphalt, and filler) in accordance with Bina Marga 2018 specifications, succeeded by laboratory evaluations of Marshall parameters, Asphalt Flow Down (AFD), and Cantabro Loss at asphalt contents of 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, and 6%. The results showed that all of the materials met the required specifications. At 4% asphalt concentration, the Marshall stability was at its highest. As the asphalt percentage went up, the VIM and VMA went down, and the VFB went up. AFD results met AAPA (2004) criteria (≤0.3%) only when the asphalt content was 4% or 4.5%. The Cantabro Loss requirements were met when the asphalt content was between 4.5% and 6%. The best amount of asphalt was found to be 4% based on the VIM, AFD, and Cantabro Loss standards. These results indicate that siwalan shell powder is a technically feasible filler material in porous asphalt mixtures and promotes the sustainable utilization of organic waste. It is advisable to do additional research to evaluate the long-term efficacy of the mixture in real-world settings. The study suggests an effective method for encouraging environmentally friendly pavement building through the use of locally sourced waste materials. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-05 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/904 10.53623/csue.v6i1.904 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 35-47 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/904/438 Copyright (c) 2026 Dharma Gusti Ramadhan, Aditya Rizkiardi, Nurani Hartatik, I Gede Agus Punarta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/911 2025-12-14T01:33:13Z csue:ART

Assessment of Safety and Operational Standards of Suramadu–Bangkalan Road Using Star Rating: Road Characteristics Identification Hartatik, Nurani Muttaqin, Alfian Febriansyah Punarta, I Gede Agus The Suramadu National Road is a strategic corridor connecting Madura Island with the Surabaya metropolitan area, playing a crucial role in supporting public mobility and logistics distribution. The high traffic intensity and vital function of this road section require compliance with safety and roadworthiness standards. However, initial observations indicated several issues, such as malfunctioning street lighting, unauthorized U-turns, and the presence of hazardous objects on the roadside, which could potentially increase the risk of accidents. This highlighted the need for a Roadworthiness Test (ULFJ) evaluation to ensure that this road section met technical and operational requirements. This study aimed to analyze the roadworthiness level of the Suramadu–Bangkalan National Road (Sta 0+100 to Sta 3+400), a 3,392-meter section. The star rating approach, as stipulated in Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Regulation No. 4 of 2023 and Circular Letter 11/SE/Db/2024, was used. Data were obtained through field surveys at 100-meter intervals across 68 assessment segments. The assessment resulted in a Star Rating Score of 10.71, corresponding to a 3-star rating. According to PUPR Ministerial Regulation No. 4 of 2023, the road still met operational requirements and was classified as a safe road based on Circular Letter 11/SE/Db/2024. However, the 3-star rating indicated that several safety aspects only met minimum standards. Therefore, the prepared technical recommendations need to be implemented immediately to upgrade this road section to a safer category with a target rating of 4 or 5 stars. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-12-18 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/911 10.53623/csue.v5i2.911 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 213−227 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/911/407 Copyright (c) 2025 Nurani Hartatik, Alfian Febriansyah Muttaqin, I Gede Agus Punarta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/912 2025-12-15T00:04:30Z csue:ART

Application of Eco-Drainage Concepts to Mitigate Flood Problems on Jalan Panjang Jiwo, Surabaya Srinovita, Astria Saves, Faradlillah Rapid population growth in Surabaya has been accompanied by various environmental challenges, one of which was flooding on Jalan Panjang Jiwo. In addition to high rainfall intensity, the city’s flat topography and its location in the downstream area of the Brantas Watershed contributed to the occurrence of flooding. Land conversion into built-up areas also led to a reduction in natural infiltration areas, resulting in increased surface runoff. Furthermore, the suboptimal performance of the existing drainage system made it unable to adequately convey rainwater discharge during periods of high rainfall intensity. This study aimed to examine the potential application of the eco-drainage concept through the injection well method as an alternative flood control measure in the Jalan Panjang Jiwo area. Injection wells were selected because this design was intended to support the infiltration process by allowing rainwater to pass through impermeable or low-permeability topsoil layers. Unlike natural infiltration systems, which relied solely on surface soil permeability, injection wells enabled water to penetrate these layers and reach more permeable soil strata below. Therefore, this method was considered effective for application in urban areas dominated by built-up surfaces with limited green open spaces. The analysis was conducted using hydrological and hydraulic approaches, supported by modeling with EPA SWMM 5.2. Through a trial-and-error process involving calculation and design evaluation, an optimal injection well design with a diameter of 3.25 meters and a depth of 25 meters was obtained. Based on flood discharge estimates under existing channel conditions, a total of six injection wells were required to accommodate surface runoff. The results of this study were expected to serve as technical recommendations for the development of sustainable urban drainage systems, particularly in flat areas with high runoff levels such as Surabaya. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2025-12-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/912 10.53623/csue.v5i2.912 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025; 228−242 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v5i2 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/912/408 Copyright (c) 2025 Astria Srinovita, Faradlillah Saves https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/918 2026-01-28T06:01:04Z csue:REV

A Systematic Literature Review of Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution Methods for Construction Material Supplier Selection Wibowo, Fransiscus Xavirius Rizky Suryoaji Pramesti, Nectaria Putri TOPSIS Hybrid MCDM Supplier Selection Construction Materials Choosing the right supplier is critical in construction supply chain management, as it directly impacts cost, schedule, and material quality. This paper presents a systematic review of the integration of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods for building material supplier selection. Following the PRISMA procedure and quality assessment criteria adapted from CASP, JBI, and Kitchenham et al., only Scopus-indexed articles from 2020–2025 were considered. Out of 227 initial records, seven studies met all inclusion and quality criteria. Results showed increasing use of hybrid MCDM approaches, primarily in Asian contexts. Common weighting techniques included the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Best–Worst Method (BWM), and rough set theory, while advanced methods such as Rough–Dombi BWM, game-theoretic approaches, fuzzy–rough systems, and Entropy–G1 weighting were used to handle uncertainty and complex decision problems. Fuzzy-based representations, particularly Triangular Fuzzy Numbers, were widely employed, with evaluation criteria focused on cost, quality, risk, sustainability, and delivery performance. Hybrid MCDM–TOPSIS frameworks generally produced more consistent and structured decision outcomes. However, findings are limited due to the small number of studies. Key research gaps include insufficient empirical validation in developing-country contexts, limited incorporation of sustainability factors, and practical challenges related to data quality and computational complexity. Future research should prioritize real-world applications, integrate sustainability more thoroughly, and develop user-friendly decision-support tools for construction practitioners. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/918 10.53623/csue.v6i1.918 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 48−62 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/918/439 Copyright (c) 2026 Fransiscus Xavirius Rizky Suryoaji Wibowo, Nectaria Putri Pramesti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/938 2026-01-28T11:20:56Z csue:REV

The Application of Content Validity Index in Identifying and Validating Material Delay Risks in Sorong Construction Projects Prayogo, Yohanes Deocaeso Nataputra Pramesti, Nectaria Putri Content Validity Index material delay risk construction project Sorong expert validation Material delays remained one of the most critical challenges affecting the performance of construction projects in Sorong, Southwest Papua, where geographical isolation, limited logistics capacity, and supply-chain disruptions frequently extended project timelines. This study aimed to identify and validate a context-specific list of material delay risks by applying the Content Validity Index (CVI) to ensure that the selected risk indicators accurately represented the conditions of construction projects in the region. A descriptive–qualitative approach was employed, involving eight experts with a minimum of five years of experience in construction project management in Southwest Papua. Twenty-nine risk events and twenty risk agents derived from the literature were assessed using a 1–4 relevance scale. The results indicated that 14 risk events and 13 risk agents achieved acceptable validity, with I-CVI values ranging from 0.88 to 1.00. The high S-CVI/Ave (0.98) and S-CVI/UA (0.87 for risk events; 0.86 for risk agents) demonstrated strong consensus among experts and confirmed the robustness of the research instrument. These findings suggested that the validated risk list accurately reflected dominant material delay issues in Sorong and was appropriate for subsequent quantitative risk analysis. The validated items were further interpreted as essential inputs for the next phase of research, particularly in applying Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and the House of Risk (HOR) to prioritize dominant risk agents and develop targeted mitigation strategies. This study recommended broadening expert representation in future validations and integrating digital early-warning systems to strengthen material management practices in the region. The validated risk framework provided practical implications for contractors, policymakers, and supply-chain stakeholders in improving project reliability in Sorong. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/938 10.53623/csue.v6i1.938 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 63−73 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/938/440 Copyright (c) 2026 Yohanes Deocaeso Nataputra Prayogo, Nectaria Putri Pramesti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/947 2026-02-04T10:32:43Z csue:ART

Technical Factor Analysis that Impacts Building Maintenance in the Retention Phase Ramadhani, Achmad Nur Putra, I Nyoman Dita Pahang Building Maintenance Retention Phase Technical Factors SEM-PLS Building maintenance during the retention phase (Defects Liability Period) was a critical stage in construction projects because defects frequently emerged after handover and could cause delays, cost overruns, and disputes between owners and contractors. In Indonesia, although a retention fund mechanism was applied, maintenance performance during this phase often remained suboptimal. This study aimed to identify and quantify the influence of technical factors on building maintenance success in high-rise projects during the retention phase in Surabaya. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale from 31 project staff members with relevant professional experience, selected using purposive sampling. The analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate both the measurement and structural models, supported by supplementary regression analysis. The results showed that technical factors had a strong and significant effect on building maintenance success, with material availability emerging as the most influential technical factor, while schedule planning was the most dominant success criterion. The high R² and effect size values indicated that technical factors played a substantial practical role in determining maintenance performance during the retention phase. These findings highlighted the importance of effective material logistics, systematic maintenance planning, and strict quality control. Overall, the study demonstrated that improved technical management practices significantly enhanced maintenance performance. From a practical perspective, contractors were encouraged to establish stockpiles of essential materials and adopt digital tools for maintenance planning to ensure timely execution, smooth operations, and effective cost control during the retention phase. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/947 10.53623/csue.v6i1.947 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 74-85 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/947/447 Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Nur Ramadhani, I Nyoman Dita Pahang Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/948 2026-02-10T02:03:05Z csue:ART

Identifying Supply Chain Risks Influencing Contractor Profitability Using Structural Equation Modeling Ananda, Fikri Arief Putra, I Nyoman Dita Pahang Construction Project Construction Supply Chain Risk Identification SEM RII The construction supply chain involved complex interactions among stakeholders and was exposed to various risks that could affect contractor profitability. However, existing studies had rarely integrated Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and the Relative Importance Index (RII) to simultaneously capture both statistical relationships and practitioners’ perceptions, particularly in the context of high-rise building projects in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify and analyze supply chain risks in the flows of information, materials, and funds and to examine their influence on contractor profitability. Data were obtained from structured questionnaires distributed to 50 respondents across five high-rise projects in Surabaya. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) alongside RII. The SEM results revealed that all three flows, information, materials, and finances, significantly improved contractor profitability, with information flow having the strongest effect. The RII rankings indicated that information risks were the primary concern, particularly unclear communication and errors in conveying project scopes. Comparing the statistical significance identified by SEM with the practical perceptions captured by RII revealed key gaps between measured impacts and practitioners’ views, thereby improving risk prioritization. Overall, this study advanced construction supply chain risk research by integrating SEM and RII methods, while providing practitioners with actionable recommendations to improve information sharing, streamline material handling, and strengthen financial management to enhance profitability. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/948 10.53623/csue.v6i1.948 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 105-117 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/948/451 Copyright (c) 2026 Fikri Arief Ananda, I Nyoman Dita Pahang Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/949 2026-02-02T14:18:20Z csue:ART

Quality Culture for Preventing Technical Risk in Building Apartment Construction Project Parura, Grace Febiola Pamadi, Mulia Indrastuti, Indrastuti Quality Culture Technical Risk Construction Project QMS Six Sigma Apartment construction projects in Batam frequently encountered technical risks, such as cost overruns and schedule delays, which were exacerbated by a predominantly young workforce and stringent SLF (Certificate of Functionality) regulations. This study examined the impact of quality culture, leadership, communication, QMS, and Six Sigma on the perception of technical risk in these projects. A quantitative methodology was employed, disseminating structured online surveys to building professionals in Batam. The participants were predominantly young employees (ages 18–25) with fewer than three years of experience. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentages) and validity and reliability assessments, employing Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Most respondents (95%) agreed that a robust quality culture substantially mitigated technical risks. This favorable perception highlighted that integrating a quality culture into daily operations, including discipline and compliance with standards, was highly effective in preventing errors. Nonetheless, attitudes regarding the effectiveness of QMS, Six Sigma, and SLF were predominantly neutral, indicating a need for more consistent socialization and implementation. Technical risks originated from both physical factors and managerial procedures. A strong quality culture emerged as the key factor in reducing technical risks in apartment development projects in Batam. The construction industry needed to strengthen its quality culture, supported by modern management systems and effective communication, to ensure compliance with regulatory standards (SLF) and enhance overall project performance. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/949 10.53623/csue.v6i1.949 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 86-96 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/949/448 Copyright (c) 2026 Grace Febiola Parura, Mulia Pamadi, Indrastuti Indrastuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/951 2026-02-04T10:34:33Z csue:ART

Functional Assessment of Ahmad Yani Road as an Urban and Tourism Corridor Hadi, Suprapto Dahlan, Mochammad Affan Indriani, Agustin Ratna Maulana, Fajar Firdaus Hayati, Reffi Nur urban road tourism street road safety inspection corridor analysis Tegal City Ahmad Yani Road stood as a vital artery in Tegal City, bridging the gap between urban centers and local tourism landmarks. While its administrative label defined it as an urban road, the street’s physical evolution told a different story one centered on pedestrians and tourism. Rather than accepting the status quo, this study examined the functional disconnect of Ahmad Yani Road by integrating three distinct approaches: geometric audits, traffic flow metrics, and road safety inspections (RSI). The fieldwork was conducted using a descriptive comparative framework, with data collection covering physical lane measurements, visual documentation, and traffic counts. These data were evaluated against a combination of Bina Marga’s local regulations and international benchmarks for walkable tourism streets. The findings revealed a substantial performance gap. The corridor failed to adequately fulfill its function as an urban road, meeting only 57.14% of the requirements due to narrow lanes and insufficient safety infrastructure. However, when assessed as a tourism corridor, the results were markedly different, with the road achieving 90% compliance, supported by its active frontage and pedestrian-oriented design. Although traffic flow remained relatively stable (DS = 0.66, LOS C), an underlying vulnerability persisted. The corridor operated near a critical threshold, where sudden increases in tourist activity or roadside disturbances could have disrupted traffic movement. Ultimately, Ahmad Yani Road had evolved beyond its original administrative classification, and the findings supported the need for a policy shift toward adaptive management to safeguard its emerging role as a vibrant public space. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/951 10.53623/csue.v6i1.951 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 97-104 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/951/449 Copyright (c) 2026 Suprapto Hadi, Mochammad Affan Dahlan, Agustin Ratna Indriani, Fajar Firdaus Maulana, Reffi Nur Hayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/952 2026-02-10T02:04:18Z csue:ART

Impact of Heavy Vehicles on Urban Road Performance Using Indonesian Highway Capacity Guidelines 2023: A Case Study of an Urban Arterial Road in Kendari City Indonesia Nuhun, Ridwan Syah Welendo, La Siolimbona, Indra Rausy, Endang Pratiwi Anwar, Muhamad Heavy Vehicles Roadway Performance Urban Traffic Side Frictions PKJI 2023 Level of Service (LOS) Saturation Degree Big trucks totally mess up traffic in cities, specially when mixed in with cars n bikes. This study evaluates the impact of heavy vehicles on Z. A. Sugianto Road, Kendari City, using the updated Indonesian Highway Capacity Guidelines (PKJI 2023). We ran a three-day traffic survey during the busy morning, midday, and evening rushes. It captured things like traffic volumes, mix of vehicles, speeds, and those nagging side frictions. From there, we calculated roadway capacity, degree of saturation (DS), and Level of Service (LOS) under two setups: one with heavy vehicles and one without. The numbers tell a clear story—heavy vehicles make up just 4.2–5.3% of the traffic, but they bump DS up from 0.42 to 0.47 and drop LOS from B to C. Side frictions cut the effective capacity even more, from 6,800 down to 5,461 pcu/h. Overall, the new PKJI 2023 parameters do a better job spotting how heavy vehicles mess with urban mixed traffic. This work gives real-world tips for city traffic managers, like controlling heavy vehicles, tackling side frictions, and checking performance regularly to keep roads safe and running smoothly. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/952 10.53623/csue.v6i1.952 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 118−129 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/952/452 Copyright (c) 2026 Ridwan Syah Nuhun, La Welendo, Indra Siolimbona, Endang Pratiwi Rausy, Muhamad Anwar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/954 2026-02-10T02:05:29Z csue:ART

Evolution of Drainage Treatment in Flexible Pavement Design: Evolution of Drainage Treatment in Flexible Pavement Design: A Comparison of Three Generations of Design Methods Setiyarto, Y. Djoko Augustiawan, Mochamad Wildan Pratama pavement drainage flexible pavement design AASHTO 1993 MDP 2017 MDP 2024 Drainage played a crucial role in flexible pavement performance because moisture accumulation reduced material stiffness, accelerated fatigue cracking, and shortened service life. Along with the evolution of pavement design practice in Indonesia, the concept of drainage shifted from empirical correction toward a mechanistic–empirical system-based design approach. This study examined the evolution of drainage treatment in flexible pavement thickness design by comparing three generations of design methods: the 1993 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) method, the 2017 Indonesian Pavement Design Manual, and the 2024 Indonesian Pavement Design Manual. Quantitative simulations were conducted for the first two methods under three drainage conditions (good, moderate, and poor) to evaluate the influence of drainage on pavement thickness. The 2024 manual was analyzed conceptually because it no longer applied numerical drainage correction but instead emphasized physical drainage system design. The results showed that deterioration of drainage quality from good to poor increased total pavement thickness by approximately 43.2% in the 1993 method and 43.75% in the 2017 manual. In contrast, the 2024 manual did not apply numerical thickness correction, as drainage effects were addressed through permeable layers and subsurface drainage systems. This study demonstrated a paradigm shift from empirical corrective design toward preventive mechanistic–empirical drainage design and discussed its relevance to international pavement engineering practice in moisture-sensitive and tropical environments. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/954 10.53623/csue.v6i1.954 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 130−141 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/954/457 Copyright (c) 2026 Y. Djoko Setiyarto, Mochamad Wildan Pratama Augustiawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/957 2026-02-16T01:40:19Z csue:ART

Comparative Assessment of Pavement Distress on Wangandawa Road Using Pavement Condition Index, Surface Distress Index, and Bina Marga Methods Hadi, Suprapto Zikri, Ikbarul Cahyanti, Antika Tri Putri, Nasywa Maulidya Ayuningtyas, Nurina Vidya Nailulloh, Raditya Faris Pavement condition assessment; maintenance prioritization; surface distress evaluation; flexible pavement; comparative methodology. Pavement wear in tropical areas stemmed from intense rainfall, varying traffic volumes, and scarce upkeep funds, so solid evaluation techniques were essential for smart maintenance scheduling. In this work, we compared three key methods for assessing pavement condition: the Pavement Condition Index (PCI), Surface Distress Index (SDI), and Indonesia’s Bina Marga standard, all tested on one flexible pavement stretch. What set this study apart from earlier research mostly focused on a single approach, was its examination of how these methods differed in sensitivity, their impact on decision-making, and how consistently they aligned when applied to the same road section. We divided a 660-meter portion of Wangandawa Road into seven 100-meter segments and surveyed them using standard visual inspections for pavement distress. PCI scores ranged from 45 to 100 (average 71.0), indicating conditions from fair to excellent and showing sharp differences between segments. SDI scores ranged from 0 to 80, classifying conditions as good to moderate, whereas the Bina Marga method classified every segment under Priority A maintenance, showing no variation. When we compared the three approaches, PCI proved more sensitive in identifying fine-scale distress patterns, while SDI and Bina Marga demonstrated greater practicality for rapid network-level assessments. These findings supported the continued use of visual inspection methods for pavement evaluation in tropical regions and highlighted the importance of selecting an appropriate index for practical decision-making. PCI was suitable for detailed planning of rehabilitation and reconstruction, whereas SDI or Bina Marga were more suitable for quick assessments and routine maintenance planning. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-03-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/957 10.53623/csue.v6i1.957 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 157−168 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/957/474 Copyright (c) 2026 Suprapto Hadi, Ikbarul Zikri, Antika Tri Cahyanti, Nasywa Maulidya Putri, Nurina Vidya Ayuningtyas, Raditya Faris Nailulloh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/959 2026-02-16T01:41:16Z csue:ART

Artificial Neural Network–Based Forecasting for Airside Capacity Planning at a Data-Scarce Regional Airport: Case of Sugimanuru, Indonesia Yocing, Panci Yunus, La Ode Ichlas Syahrullah Kaebansiha, Rajab Jandipo Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) Airside Development Airport Planning Forecasting Sugimanuru Airport Accurate demand forecasting was essential for sustainable airport capacity planning, particularly at small regional airports characterized by volatile and data-scarce traffic patterns. This study developed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)–based forecasting framework to predict passenger demand and aircraft movements at Sugimanuru Airport, Indonesia, and to translate projections into airside capacity planning requirements. Researchers normalized historical operational data from 2017–2025 using the min–max technique before developing a feed-forward backpropagation ANN model. Model performance was evaluated using key indicators—the coefficient of determination (R²), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE)—along with a review of residual patterns, benchmarked against linear regression and ARIMA for comparison. The ANN performed notably better, achieving R² > 0.90 while reducing prediction errors well below those of the alternative models. Long-term uncertainties prompted scenario analyses for low, medium, and high growth paths. In the medium-growth scenario, by 2035, passenger numbers could rise to 97,000, requiring 2–3 Code C stands and an apron expanded to approximately 12,000–13,000 m², in accordance with ICAO Annex 14 and FAA AC 150/5300-13A specifications. Overall, the study presented a straightforward, repeatable ANN setup suitable for under-resourced regional airports, highlighting AI’s role in guiding infrastructure development and supporting risk-informed planning strategies. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-03-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/959 10.53623/csue.v6i1.959 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 142–156 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/959/469 Copyright (c) 2026 Panci Yocing, La Ode Ichlas Syahrullah Yunus, Rajab Jandipo Kaebansiha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/992 2026-01-26T02:18:14Z csue:SHC

Performance and Effectiveness of Drainage Systems in Densely Populated Residential Areas Ginting, Jody Martin Khotimah, Khusnul Anggreini, Sri Drainage effectiveness Drainage maintenance Densely populated areas Drainage systems were an important component of urban infrastructure for controlling rainwater runoff and minimizing the risk of flooding, especially in densely populated residential areas. However, in many urban areas, flooding still occurred repeatedly despite the availability of drainage networks. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of drainage systems in the Pelita residential area and to identify technical and non-technical factors that affected the occurrence of inundation. This study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive-evaluative method supported by qualitative data. Technical performance analysis was carried out through channel dimension measurements, hydrological analysis using the rational method, and hydraulic analysis using Manning’s equation. In addition, community perceptions and levels of participation were analyzed through questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability and analyzed using Pearson correlation. The results of the study showed that the capacity of drainage channels was not sufficient to accommodate peak runoff discharge, as reflected in the relatively high frequency of flooding (3–4 times per year) and the relatively long duration of inundation. Statistically, the physical condition of the drainage system had a strong correlation with flood frequency, while community participation was moderately correlated with drainage effectiveness. These findings confirmed that the effectiveness of drainage systems in densely populated areas was strongly influenced by a combination of technical and social factors, indicating that an integrated drainage management approach was needed. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-02-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/992 10.53623/csue.v6i1.992 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 26-34 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/992/437 Copyright (c) 2026 Jody Martin Ginting, Khusnul Khotimah, Sri Anggreini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/1023 2026-02-22T18:21:04Z csue:REV

Global Research Trends in Urban Parking Systems and Traffic Management: A Bibliometric Analysis (2000-2024) Sari, Yusra Aulia Suhenal, Muhammad Hauzan Rivai, Andri Irfan Urban growth has significantly exacerbated parking shortages and traffic control challenges, making them central concerns in urban mobility planning and sustainable city development. Inadequate parking supply, fragmented management strategies, and ineffective traffic control systems have contributed to severe congestion, increased vehicle emissions, inefficient fuel consumption, and reduced urban quality of life. Research across multiple disciplines has expanded rapidly in this area, creating the need for a comprehensive review to map its key themes and future directions. This study examined global research on parking and traffic management from 2000 to 2024, highlighting major research themes, influential publications, and collaboration networks among researchers. A total of 1,847 articles and conference papers from Scopus and Web of Science were analyzed using Bibliometrix in R, VOSviewer, and statistical tools to evaluate publication trends, citation patterns, keyword co-occurrence, collaboration networks, and thematic evolution. Descriptive, network, and temporal analyses were employed to identify both the growth in publication output and the shifting focus within the field. The results showed that research output increased steadily, with a notable surge after 2015, coinciding with the expansion of smart city initiatives, digital transformation, and the implementation of intelligent transportation systems. Several key research themes emerged, including smart parking technologies, traffic flow optimization, sustainable urban mobility solutions, and autonomous vehicle systems. China, the United States, and Germany were identified as the leading contributors to research output, while international collaboration increased significantly, reflecting the global nature of urban transportation challenges. Overall, the findings indicated a clear transition from early studies focused on parking demand and congestion analysis toward technology-driven, data-oriented, and sustainability-focused research approaches. Parking systems and traffic management have therefore become essential components of integrated urban mobility strategies. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-03-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1023 10.53623/csue.v6i1.1023 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 169−185 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1023/475 Copyright (c) 2026 Yusra Aulia Sari, Muhammad Hauzan Suhenal, Andri Irfan Rivai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/1028 2026-03-18T05:45:47Z csue:REV

Urban Arterial Road Flooding: A Bibliometric Review of Causes and Research Trends (2000–2024) Saputra, Ade Jaya Syaputra, Teguh Ginting, Jody Martin Flooding on urban arterial roads has become an increasingly frequent problem, particularly in rapidly urbanizing cities experiencing higher rainfall intensity. Flooding on major roads, which are crucial for city transportation and the economy, often causes traffic jams, makes it harder to get around, and creates safety risks. This research seeks to investigate prevailing research trends and pinpoint significant factors associated with flooding on urban arterial roads, employing a bibliometric methodology. A systematic literature review was undertaken, utilizing publications indexed in Scopus and Google Scholar spanning the years 2000 to 2024. A total of 928 pertinent articles were retrieved through the application of the keywords "flood," "urban road," and "drainage." Subsequently, bibliometric analysis was conducted using Publish or Perish, VOSviewer, and Microsoft Excel to evaluate publication trends, citation patterns, author collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrence, and journal distribution. The data reveal a significant increase in academic publications over the past decade, indicating a growing scholarly interest in the effects of flooding on transportation systems. An analysis of keywords shows that the main research areas include urban drainage performance, changes in land use, flood risk assessment, and simulation-based modeling. The most frequently cited studies consistently identify inadequate drainage infrastructure, rapid urban development, and increasing rainfall intensity as the key drivers of flooding events on urban arterial roads. Flooding events that impact urban thoroughfares constitute a multifaceted challenge. The interplay of water flow, existing infrastructure conditions, and urban planning methodologies underpins this particular challenge. This study provides a thorough analysis of the existing scholarly literature, identifying shortcomings in the functional performance of critical transportation routes. Consequently, it presents insights designed to guide future research initiatives and the improvement of urban infrastructure. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-03-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1028 10.53623/csue.v6i1.1028 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 186−198 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1028/478 Copyright (c) 2026 Ade Jaya Saputra, Teguh Syaputra, Jody Martin Ginting https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/1031 2026-03-18T11:41:30Z csue:ART

Infrastructure Development Strategy in an Industrial Zone: A Case Study in the Sei Lekop Industrial Area, Indonesia Situmorang, Erlindo Pamadi, Mulia Indrastuti Infrastructure is vital for boosting firm performance and competitiveness in industrial zones, especially amid Industry 4.0 demands for seamless efficiency and connectivity. This study analyzes development strategies at a manufacturing firm (anonymized here for confidentiality) in Batam's Sei Lekop Industrial Area, Indonesia. We anonymized the firm throughout for confidentiality. A single-case study gathered data via in-depth interviews, site observations, and document reviews; descriptive qualitative analysis drew rigor from quantified SWOT and gap methods. Results exposed clear shortfalls—roads, power, water, digital links—versus benchmarks. SWOT scores land the firm in a growth quadrant, demanding bold upgrades fueled by public-private partnerships. This work enriches infrastructure strategy literature with a firm-level lens on industrial zones, weaving in physical and digital dimensions. On the practical side, it lays out phased upgrades, digital integration, and sustainability-focused tactics to lock in lasting competitiveness. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-03-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1031 10.53623/csue.v6i1.1031 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 199−207 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1031/479 Copyright (c) 2026 Erlindo Situmorang, Mulia Pamadi, Indrastuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/1090 2026-04-09T02:28:53Z csue:ART

The Effectiveness of Vertical Housing Provision for Civil Servants: A Study of the Ministry of Public Works' Vertical Housing in Sleman Regency Indonesia Hakim, Lukman Swasto, Deva Fosterharoldas The provision of housing for civil servants was crucial for bureaucratic stability and productivity, yet public housing literature predominantly focused on low-income groups. This study evaluated the effectiveness of State Civil Apparatus (Aparatur Sipil Negara/ASN) vertical housing provision by the Ministry of Public Works (Pekerjaan Umum/PU) in Sleman Regency, focusing on allocation targeting accuracy and residents' quality of life enhancement. Employing a mixed-methods design, data were collected from 71 respondents (68 residents and 3 managers) through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observations. The results indicated that the housing provision was functionally effective, characterized by high occupancy rates and proportional representation across administrative ranks. Quality of life also improved, as evidenced by increased commuting time efficiency, which enhanced work productivity and discipline. However, procedural effectiveness remained suboptimal due to offline quota allocation practices based on Working Units (Satuan Kerja/Satker), which distorted the integrated online registration system and neglected actual employee needs. Additionally, minimal communal social interaction raised concerns about neighborhood security. The study recommended abolishing the institutional quota system to reinstate objective digital selection and implementing community management programs to foster social cohesion. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-04-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1090 10.53623/csue.v6i1.1090 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 220−232 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1090/510 Copyright (c) 2026 Lukman Hakim, Deva Fosterharoldas Swasto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:oai.tecnoscientifica.com:article/1104 2026-03-27T07:10:02Z csue:ART

Identification of the Availability of Public Facilities for Persons with Disabilities at Trans Jatim Bus Stops on Corridor V Dwi Elyana, Yulia Hartatik , Nurani This study aims to examine the level of accessibility of primary and supporting facilities at Trans Jatim bus stops along Corridor V, particularly in terms of compliance with standards for persons with disabilities. The study employs a field observation method by assessing several accessibility indicators, including ramps, stairs, guiding blocks, and designated wheelchair spaces. The results indicate that the overall level of accessibility remains low, with the average score falling below 50.00. Although some facilities have met the required standards, achieving scores above 50.00, the majority of bus stops do not provide accessibility features in a complete and consistent manner. Many essential facilities for persons with disabilities are either unavailable or not functioning optimally, indicating that the existing infrastructure has not fully complied with the standards stipulated in Ministry of Public Works Regulation No. 30/PRT/M/2006. These limitations have a significant impact on the mobility, independence, and safety of persons with disabilities in accessing public transportation. Furthermore, inadequate facilities may increase safety risks and reduce the overall quality of service. Therefore, improvements in infrastructure provision are necessary, supported by regular monitoring, maintenance, and stricter enforcement of regulatory standards. Tecno Scientifica Publishing & Society of Tropical Science and Technology 2026-04-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1104 10.53623/csue.v6i1.1104 Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering; Volume 6 - Issue 1 - 2026; 208−219 2808-9200 10.53623/csue.v6i1 eng https://tecnoscientifica.com/journal/csue/article/view/1104/509 Copyright (c) 2026 Yulia Dwi Elyana, Nurani Hartatik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0